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Journal of the South African Veterinary... Jun 2009Plant poisoning occurs less commonly in dogs and cats than in herbivorous livestock, but numerous cases have been documented worldwide, most of them caused by common and... (Review)
Review
Plant poisoning occurs less commonly in dogs and cats than in herbivorous livestock, but numerous cases have been documented worldwide, most of them caused by common and internationally widely cultivated ornamental garden and house plants. Few cases of poisoning of cats and dogs have been reported in southern Africa, but many of the plants that have caused poisoning in these species elsewhere are widely available in the subregion and are briefly reviewed in terms of toxic principles, toxicity, species affected, clinical signs, and prognosis. The list includes Melia azedarach (syringa), Brunfelsia spp. (yesterday, today and tomorrow), Datura stramonium (jimsonweed, stinkblaar), a wide variety of lilies and lily-like plants, cycads, plants that contain soluble oxalates, plants containing cardiac glycosides and other cardiotoxins and euphorbias (Euphorbia pulcherrima, E. tirucalli). Poisoning by plant products such as macadamia nuts, onions and garlic, grapes and raisins, cannabis (marijuana, dagga) or hashish and castor oil seed or seedcake is also discussed. Many of the poisonings are not usually fatal, but others frequently result in death unless rapid action is taken by the owner and the veterinarian, underlining the importance of awareness of the poisonous potential of a number of familiar plants.
Topics: Animals; Awareness; Cat Diseases; Cats; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Female; Male; Plant Poisoning; Plants, Toxic; South Africa; Species Specificity
PubMed: 19831265
DOI: 10.4102/jsava.v80i2.173 -
Wilderness & Environmental Medicine Sep 2021
Topics: Aconitum; Heart Arrest; Humans; Plant Poisoning
PubMed: 34172375
DOI: 10.1016/j.wem.2021.03.005 -
Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine :... Sep 2016Plant intoxications in wildlife are difficult to diagnose, are overlooked, or are sometimes even neglected. Hence, factors that induce wild animals to ingest poisonous...
Plant intoxications in wildlife are difficult to diagnose, are overlooked, or are sometimes even neglected. Hence, factors that induce wild animals to ingest poisonous plants have not been sufficiently documented. An outbreak of glycoprotein storage disease in sambar deer ( Cervus unicolor ), induced by ingestion of the swainsonine-containing plant, common wireweed (Sida carpinifolia), is reported. Nine out of 55 deer held by a zoo in Brazil were affected. The poisoning was characterized by emaciation and neurologic signs followed by unexpected death in some of the animals. Animals presented abnormal consciousness, posterior paresis, and musculoskeletal weakness; less evident were vestibulo-cerebellar signs. Histologically, there was vacuolation of neurons and epithelial cells of the pancreatic acines, thyroid follicules, and renal tubules. Furthermore, in the central nervous system were axonal degeneration, necrosis, and loss of neurons. Three factors may lead to the ingestion of S. carpinifolia by sambar deer: 1) A grazing field with only S. carpinifolia as a source of forage; 2) a large number of animals kept in this field; and 3) a hierarchy within a cervid group in which dominant males isolated and displaced juvenile and weaker adult males, leaving them with access to only S. carpinifolia.
Topics: Animals; Deer; Female; Male; Malvaceae; Plant Poisoning; Plants, Toxic; Social Behavior; Swainsonine
PubMed: 27691940
DOI: 10.1638/2015-0104.1 -
Transactions of the Royal Society of... Sep 2009An outbreak investigation was conducted during February-March 2005 to determine the cause of several sudden deaths occurring in Pailin Province, Cambodia. Sixty-seven...
An outbreak investigation was conducted during February-March 2005 to determine the cause of several sudden deaths occurring in Pailin Province, Cambodia. Sixty-seven patients presented with non-febrile poisoning-like symptoms and 15 died of coma, including 53% children under 10 years old. Symptoms included sore throat (92%), sore lips (73%), swollen tongue (54%) and gastrointestinal signs (41%). A plant locally called prik was the source of poisoning (97.0 vs. 28.7%, odds ratio 74.3, P<0.001). Patients may have confused the edible Melientha suavis Pierre with Urobotrya siamensis Hiepko, both from the Opiliaceae family. This was the first report of Urobotrya poisoning and its clinical manifestations.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cambodia; Child; Child, Preschool; Coma; Death, Sudden; Disease Outbreaks; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Plant Poisoning; Young Adult
PubMed: 19278704
DOI: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2009.01.022 -
Emergency Nurse : the Journal of the... Nov 2006
Review
Topics: Cicuta; Hemofiltration; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nausea; Plant Poisoning; Seizures; Sialorrhea
PubMed: 17140092
DOI: No ID Found -
The Veterinary Record Apr 1991
Topics: Animals; Perissodactyla; Plant Poisoning
PubMed: 1858267
DOI: 10.1136/vr.128.17.411-a -
The Veterinary Record Feb 2023
Topics: Sheep; Animals; Plant Poisoning; Sheep Diseases; Poisoning
PubMed: 36799588
DOI: 10.1002/vetr.2754 -
Tropical Animal Health and Production Nov 2020Palicourea marcgravii is the most important poisonous plant of cattle in Brazil. It contains monofluoroacetic acid and causes sudden death associated with exercise....
Palicourea marcgravii is the most important poisonous plant of cattle in Brazil. It contains monofluoroacetic acid and causes sudden death associated with exercise. Herein, we describe the temporal and spatial distribution of the toxic disease. The survey was based on the epidemiological, clinical, and pathological data of the Setor de Anatomia Patológica (SAP) of the Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRuralRJ) to report outbreaks of poisoning by P. marcgravii, from 1953 to 2018. Clinical signs were peracute and included labored breathing, loss of balance, muscle tremors, lateral recumbency, and limb paddling. Gross lesions such as congestion of large vessels and edema and pulmonary congestion were observed. Multifocal areas of vacuolar hydropic degeneration of distal contorted tubule cells with nuclear pyknosis were observed in the kidneys. The plant is found in forests, and the poisoning occurs mainly after clearing forests for pasture, in areas of natural forest recovery called "capoeira," which provide a favorable environment for maintaining P. marcgravii growth. Outbreaks of P. marcgravii poisoning coincided with periods of creation of large deforested pastures in the Southeast and Midwest regions of Brazil, and the poisoning should be considered an additional risk after deforestation. The most effective prophylaxis is fencing off the forest areas that contain these plants.
Topics: Animals; Brazil; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Plant Poisoning; Plants, Toxic; Rubiaceae
PubMed: 32960398
DOI: 10.1007/s11250-020-02388-2 -
Toxicon : Official Journal of the... Apr 2021Spontaneous and experimental Stryphnodendron fissuratum poisoning in cattle have been documented in the scientific literature. However, clinical and anatomopathological...
Spontaneous and experimental Stryphnodendron fissuratum poisoning in cattle have been documented in the scientific literature. However, clinical and anatomopathological aspects of such poisoning are not fully understood. Thus, the objective of this study was to describe the clinical, biochemical, gross and microscopic findings of spontaneous Stryphnodendron fissuratum poisoning in cattle as well the experimental poisoning by this plant in sheep. Three outbreaks in cattle from different farms were analyzed. From these farms, S. fissuratum fruit specimens were collected and subsequently administered to six sheep. Some cattle showed clinical signs of poisoning such as blindness, apathy, dysphagia, excessive drooling, weight loss and photodermatitis. In the experimental poisoning condition, one sheep received only the peel of the fruit, one received the seed, and the others received the whole fruit. The whole fruit caused fatal poisoning in one sheep, which showed anorexia, excessive drooling, nystagmus, and paddling. Necropsies and clinical, histopathological, and pathological examination of poisoned cattle and sheep showed that the plant may cause acute renal failure along with extrarenal uremic lesions.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Disease Outbreaks; Fabaceae; Plant Poisoning; Sheep; Sheep Diseases
PubMed: 33524427
DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2021.01.016 -
The Veterinary Clinics of North... Jul 2011Plant poisoning is often associated with a variety of livestock diseases and unexplained animal deaths. Although toxic plants commonly poison livestock and it is...
Plant poisoning is often associated with a variety of livestock diseases and unexplained animal deaths. Although toxic plants commonly poison livestock and it is estimated to cost the livestock industry in the western United States more than $340 million every year, obtaining a definitive diagnosis is difficult and challenging. The purpose of this article is to provide a framework to help veterinarians and diagnosticians make an accurate definitive diagnosis of plant poisoning. We provide suggestions for investigating and sampling field cases of suspected plant poisoning, for where and how to analyze diagnostic samples, and for integrating information and recruiting appropriate expertise.
Topics: Animal Husbandry; Animals; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Livestock; Plant Poisoning; Plants, Toxic; Sheep; Sheep Diseases; United States
PubMed: 21575777
DOI: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2011.02.014