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Electromyography and Clinical... 2000The medial and lateral plantar nerves may be evaluated through the recordings of the compound sensory nerve action potentials (CSNAP), compound mixed nerve action...
The medial and lateral plantar nerves may be evaluated through the recordings of the compound sensory nerve action potentials (CSNAP), compound mixed nerve action potentials (CMNAP) and compound muscular action potentials (CMAP). As some of these potentials are not easily and always obtainable in normal individuals, our purpose was to verify the consistency of these potentials for the study of these nerves. Fifty-one normal adult volunteers were examined. The CSNAP, CMNAP and CMAP, related to the medial and lateral plantar nerves were evaluated bilaterally. CSNAP were not obtained in 7.8% and in 17.6% from the medial and lateral plantar nerves respectively. CMNAP from the lateral plantar nerve were not obtained in 15.6%. CMNAP from the medial plantar nerves and CMAPs from the abductor hallucis and abductor digiti quinti were obtained for all nerves tested. Our results, therefore, suggest that these last 3 parameters are the ones more reliable for clinical application.
Topics: Action Potentials; Adult; Female; Foot; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Muscle, Skeletal; Neural Conduction; Peripheral Nerves; Reference Values
PubMed: 10812535
DOI: No ID Found -
Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy : SRA May 2018The tibial nerve is the larger terminal branch of the sciatic nerve and it terminates in the tarsal tunnel by giving lateral and medial plantar nerves. We present a rare...
The tibial nerve is the larger terminal branch of the sciatic nerve and it terminates in the tarsal tunnel by giving lateral and medial plantar nerves. We present a rare case of trifurcation of the tibial nerve within the tarsal tunnel. The variant nerve curves laterally after branching from the tibial nerve and courses deep to quadratus plantae muscle. Interestingly, posterior tibial artery was also terminating by giving three branches. These branches were accompanying the terminal branches of the tibial nerve.
Topics: Anatomic Variation; Cadaver; Dissection; Humans; Male; Tibial Nerve
PubMed: 29177688
DOI: 10.1007/s00276-017-1948-2 -
Arthroscopy Techniques 2013Various surgical treatment procedures for plantar fasciitis, such as open surgery, percutaneous release, and endoscopic surgery, exist. Skin trouble, nerve disturbance,...
Various surgical treatment procedures for plantar fasciitis, such as open surgery, percutaneous release, and endoscopic surgery, exist. Skin trouble, nerve disturbance, infection, and persistent pain associated with prolonged recovery time are complications of open surgery. Endoscopic partial plantar fascia release offers the surgeon clear visualization of the anatomy at the surgical site. However, the primary medial portal and portal tract used for this technique have been shown to be in close proximity to the posterior tibial nerves and their branches, and there is always the risk of nerve damage by introducing the endoscope deep to the plantar fascia. By performing endoscopic partial plantar fascia release under ultrasound assistance, we could dynamically visualize the direction of the endoscope and instrument introduction, thus preventing nerve damage from inadvertent insertion deep to the fascia. Full-thickness release of the plantar fascia at the ideal position could also be confirmed under ultrasound imaging. We discuss the technique for this new procedure.
PubMed: 24265989
DOI: 10.1016/j.eats.2013.02.006 -
The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports... Apr 1999Two-group (gender) posttest only using a sample of convenience. (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial Comparative Study
STUDY DESIGN
Two-group (gender) posttest only using a sample of convenience.
OBJECTIVES
Our study examined the effect of gender on selected stimulus properties, perceived pain thresholds, and maximally tolerated level of contraction of the plantar flexor muscle group.
BACKGROUND
There is a dearth of literature regarding gender as a factor that may influence the outcome following the application of neuromuscular electrical stimulation. Data from other disciplines suggest that males and females may not have similar tolerance to electrical stimulation.
METHODS AND MEASURES
Eleven women (mean age, 28.3 years +/- 5.6 years) and 9 men (mean age, 33.2 years +/- 6 years) participated in a single session of electrical stimulation. A pair of 4.5 x 4.5 cm, self-adhesive, synthetic, polymer electrodes was placed over the medial and lateral heads of the gastrocsoleus muscle group. Electrical stimulation was provided by a battery-powered pulsatile stimulator generating a symmetric biphasic waveform, 200-mu second phase duration, and pulse rate of 50 pulses per second. During testing, the subjects were seated on a specially constructed chair that incorporated a foot pedal attached to a piezoelectric force transducer to measure plantar flexion force. Stimulation amplitude was increased slowly until 4 thresholds (sensory, motor, pain, and maximal pain) were sequentially achieved. At each threshold, stimulus peak voltage, peak current, and phase charge used to elicit that threshold were recorded. Plantar flexion force was also recorded when stimulation was sufficient to achieve pain and maximal pain thresholds.
RESULTS
The peak voltage, peak current, and phase charge needed to elicit the 4 thresholds did not differ between women and men at any threshold examined (2-factor ANOVA; Newman-Keuls post hoc tests). However, significantly higher stimulus peak voltage, peak current, and phase charge were recorded for each of the 4 thresholds (sensory, motor, pain, and maximal pain tolerance) for both groups. The plantar flexion force elicited by electrical stimulation was significantly lower in female subjects than in male subjects at both pain threshold and maximally tolerated stimulation levels.
CONCLUSIONS
Gender can influence the magnitude of electrically induced plantar flexion contraction force. We hypothesize that females may require longer conditioning periods to achieve therapeutic levels of muscle contraction.
Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Ankle Joint; Electric Stimulation; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Skeletal; Peripheral Nerves; Reference Values; Sensory Thresholds; Sex Factors
PubMed: 10322593
DOI: 10.2519/jospt.1999.29.4.208 -
American Journal of Physical Medicine &... Sep 2023The flexor digitorum accessorius longus is an anomalous muscle with a reported prevalence of 1.6%-12.2% in cadaveric studies. Flexor digitorum accessorius longus courses...
The flexor digitorum accessorius longus is an anomalous muscle with a reported prevalence of 1.6%-12.2% in cadaveric studies. Flexor digitorum accessorius longus courses through the tarsal tunnel and has been reported as an etiology of tarsal tunnel syndrome in previous case reports. The flexor digitorum accessorius longus is intimately related to the neurovascular bundle and may impinge on the lateral plantar nerves. However, very few cases of lateral plantar nerve compression by the flexor digitorum accessorius longus have been reported. Herein, we report a case of lateral plantar nerve compression caused by the flexor digitorum accessorius longus muscle in a 51-year-old man who complained of insidious pain at the lateral sole and hypoesthesia at the left third-fifth toe and lateral sole, and the pain improved after treatment of botulinum toxin injection into the flexor digitorum accessorius longus muscle.
Topics: Male; Humans; Middle Aged; Muscle, Skeletal; Foot; Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome; Pain; Botulinum Toxins
PubMed: 36811548
DOI: 10.1097/PHM.0000000000002210 -
Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome 2018It remains unclear whether glycemic variability is related to diabetes microvascular disease, especially diabetes peripheral neuropathy (DPN). We investigated the...
BACKGROUND
It remains unclear whether glycemic variability is related to diabetes microvascular disease, especially diabetes peripheral neuropathy (DPN). We investigated the association between glycemic variability and DPN with type 1 or 2 diabetes.
METHODS
Forty patients (23 males and 17 females; aged 34-79 years) underwent continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and a nerve conduction study (NCS). Glycemic variability was estimated by mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE) in CGM. DPN was quantitatively evaluated by NCS in the median, tibial, sural and medial plantar nerves.
RESULTS
MAGE had a significantly positive correlation with disease duration and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level (r = 0.462, p = 0.003; and r = 0.40, p = 0.011, respectively), and a significantly negative correlation with BMI and medial plantar compound nerve action potential amplitude (r = - 0.39, p = 0.012; and r = - 0.32, p = 0.042, respectively). Multivariate linear regression analysis with adjustment for clinical background showed that MAGE (β = - 0.49, p= 0.007) was independently associated with a higher risk of medial plantar neuropathy.
CONCLUSIONS
Glycemic variability may be an independent risk factor for DPN.
PubMed: 30214502
DOI: 10.1186/s13098-018-0371-0 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Mar 2024This study aims to identify the precise anatomical location and therapeutic mechanisms of the KI1 acupoint (Yongquan) in relation to foot muscles and nerves, known for...
This study aims to identify the precise anatomical location and therapeutic mechanisms of the KI1 acupoint (Yongquan) in relation to foot muscles and nerves, known for treating neurological disorders and pain. Dissection of six cadavers at Chungnam National University College of Medicine examined KI1's relation to the foot's four-layer structure. The KI1 acupoint was located in the superficial and deep layers of the plantar foot, adjacent to significant nerves like the medial and lateral plantar nerves. Differences in the acupoint's exact location between genders were noted, reflecting variances in foot morphology. KI1 acupuncture was found to stimulate the muscle spindles and nerve fibers essential for balance and bipedal locomotion. This stimulation may enhance sensory feedback, potentially improving cognitive functions and balance control. This anatomical insight into KI1 acupuncture underpins its potential in neurological therapies and pain management.
Topics: Humans; Acupuncture Points; Male; Female; Foot; Cadaver; Acupuncture Therapy; Tibial Nerve; Aged
PubMed: 38674181
DOI: 10.3390/medicina60040535 -
Equine Veterinary Journal May 2012Neurectomy of the deep branch of the lateral plantar nerve and plantar fasciotomy have become accepted as methods of treatment of proximal suspensory desmopathy (PSD),...
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY
Neurectomy of the deep branch of the lateral plantar nerve and plantar fasciotomy have become accepted as methods of treatment of proximal suspensory desmopathy (PSD), but there are limited long-term studies documenting the outcome.
OBJECTIVES
To describe long-term follow-up in horses with PSD alone or with other injuries contributing to lameness and poor performance, including complications, following neurectomy and fasciotomy.
METHODS
Follow-up information was acquired for 155 horses that had undergone neurectomy and fasciotomy for treatment of PSD between 2003 and 2008. Success was classified as a horse having been in full work for >1 year post operatively. Horses were divided into 3 groups on the basis of the results of clinical assessment and diagnostic analgesia. Horses in Group 1 had primary PSD and no other musculoskeletal problem. Horses in Group 2 had primary PSD in association with straight hock conformation and/or hyperextension of the metatarsophalangeal joint. Horses in Group 3 had PSD and other problems contributing to lameness or poor performance.
RESULTS
In Group 1, 70 of 90 horses (77.8%) had a successful outcome, whereas in Group 3, 23 of 52 horses (44.2%) returned to full function for >1 year. Complications included iatrogenic damage to the plantar aspect of the suspensory ligament, seroma formation, residual curb-like swellings and the development of white hairs. All horses in Group 2 remained lame.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
There is a role for neurectomy of the deep branch of the lateral plantar nerve and plantar fasciotomy for long-term management of hindlimb PSD, but a prerequisite for successful management requires recognition of risk factors for poor outcome including conformation features of straight hock or fetlock hyperextension.
Topics: Animals; Fasciotomy; Female; Hindlimb; Horse Diseases; Horses; Ligaments; Male; Peripheral Nerves; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 21883416
DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2011.00445.x -
Muscle & Nerve Aug 2014Distal sensory neuropathy is the most common form of diabetic neuropathy. We developed a novel antidromic technique for assessment of distal nerve function for early...
INTRODUCTION
Distal sensory neuropathy is the most common form of diabetic neuropathy. We developed a novel antidromic technique for assessment of distal nerve function for early diagnosis of diabetic neuropathy.
METHODS
Diabetic and control groups underwent standard and more distal sensory nerve conduction studies (NCS); sensory nerve action potentials (SNAPs) of the proper digital branches of the medial plantar nerve were recorded with our method after stimulation at the sole and recording from digits I and II.
RESULTS
Comparison between controls and diabetics showed a statistically significant difference in mean SNAP amplitudes for all nerves tested. A higher percentage of abnormal SNAPs was obtained with our technique than with either conventional or more distal NCS in all patients.
CONCLUSIONS
As compared with clinical evaluation and other NCS, our antidromic stimulation was the most sensitive method to detect abnormal sensory nerve conduction in symptomatic and asymptomatic diabetic patients.
Topics: Action Potentials; Adult; Aged; Analysis of Variance; Biophysics; Case-Control Studies; Diabetic Neuropathies; Diagnostic Techniques, Neurological; Electric Stimulation; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neural Conduction; Peripheral Nerves; Sural Nerve; Tibial Nerve
PubMed: 24282067
DOI: 10.1002/mus.24135