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Acta Oto-laryngologica Jun 2004Extramedullary plasmacytomas (EMPs) are localized plasma cell neoplasms that occur within the soft tissues; by definition they cannot occur within bone. They account for... (Review)
Review
Extramedullary plasmacytomas (EMPs) are localized plasma cell neoplasms that occur within the soft tissues; by definition they cannot occur within bone. They account for 1-2% of all plasma cell growths and have a great predilection for the upper respiratory tract, without specific manifestations. Males are more frequently affected during the fifth and sixth decades of life. At initial presentation, multiple myeloma should be excluded. We report herein the case of a 63-year-old man with an EMP arising in the right maxillary sinus who was referred for surgical excision and postoperative radiotherapy and briefly review the clinical implications and management of this pathology.
Topics: Humans; Male; Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Staging; Plasmacytoma; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 15267187
DOI: 10.1080/00016480310016884 -
Neurosurgery Jun 1995Solitary intracranial plasmacytomas are exceedingly rare. Before this case report, only 14 cases of solitary dural and 4 cases of intracerebral plasmacytomas had been... (Review)
Review
Solitary intracranial plasmacytomas are exceedingly rare. Before this case report, only 14 cases of solitary dural and 4 cases of intracerebral plasmacytomas had been reported in the literature. We present a case of solitary plasmacytoma originating from the right frontal dura mater in a 52-year-old man; we also review the literature on the previous cases. To our knowledge, our patient is the first patient with a solitary dural plasmacytoma to be examined with magnetic resonance imaging.
Topics: Dura Mater; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Meningeal Neoplasms; Middle Aged; Plasmacytoma
PubMed: 7644006
DOI: 10.1227/00006123-199506000-00025 -
Journal of the American Academy of... Nov 2003Extramedullary plasmacytomas are an immunoproliferative, monoclonal disease of B-cell lineage and are classified as non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Cutaneous extramedullary... (Review)
Review
Extramedullary plasmacytomas are an immunoproliferative, monoclonal disease of B-cell lineage and are classified as non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Cutaneous extramedullary plasmacytomas are rare. We report 2 cases of transplantation-associated cutaneous extramedullary plasmacytomas in a setting of chronic immunosuppression.
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Forearm; Heart Transplantation; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Immunohistochemistry; Lower Extremity; Male; Middle Aged; Plasmacytoma; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 14576645
DOI: 10.1016/s0190-9622(03)00452-3 -
Current Treatment Options in Oncology Jun 2002Solitary bone and extramedullary plasmacytomas are rare plasma cell proliferative disorders. Their diagnosis is based on histologic confirmation of monoclonal plasma... (Review)
Review
Solitary bone and extramedullary plasmacytomas are rare plasma cell proliferative disorders. Their diagnosis is based on histologic confirmation of monoclonal plasma cell infiltration of a single disease site and on the exclusion of systemic myeloma. For both entities, the treatment of choice is localized radiotherapy. With modern radiotherapy and with a total dose of at least 4000 cGy, the risk for local recurrence is less than 5%. There is no role for systemic chemotherapy in the management of these disorders. Approximately 30% of patients with solitary bone plasmacytoma (SBP) remain disease-free for several years; some of these patients may be cured. Patients with the best prognosis are those in whom the monoclonal protein disappears by 1 year after radiotherapy. The prognosis of patients with solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma (SEP) appears to be better than for patients with SBP because approximately 70% of patients with SEP remain disease-free at 10 years. With more sensitive staging procedures, the diagnosis of SBP and SEP may become less common, but the number of patients with prolonged stability and cure may increase.
Topics: Bone Neoplasms; Disease-Free Survival; Humans; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Plasmacytoma; Prognosis
PubMed: 12057071
DOI: 10.1007/s11864-002-0015-2 -
British Journal of Haematology Aug 2021In this review, two types of soft-tissue involvement in multiple myeloma are defined: (i) extramedullary (EMD) with haematogenous spread involving only soft tissues and... (Review)
Review
In this review, two types of soft-tissue involvement in multiple myeloma are defined: (i) extramedullary (EMD) with haematogenous spread involving only soft tissues and (ii) paraskeletal (PS) with tumour masses arising from skeletal lesions. The incidence of EMD and PS plasmacytomas at diagnosis ranges from 1·7% to 4·5% and 7% to 34·4% respectively. EMD disease is often associated with high-risk cytogenetics, resistance to therapy and worse prognosis than in PS involvement. In patients with PS involvement a proteasome inhibitor-based regimen may be the best option followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in transplant eligible patients. In patients with EMD disease who are not eligible for ASCT, a proteasome inhibitor-based regimen such as lenalidomide-bortezomib-dexamethasone (RVD) may be the best option, while for those eligible for high-dose therapy a myeloma/lymphoma-like regimen such as bortezomib, thalidomide and dexamethasone (VTD)-RVD/cisplatin, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide and etoposide (PACE) followed by SCT should be considered. In both EMD and PS disease at relapse many strategies have been tried, but this remains a high-unmet need population.
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Bortezomib; Cisplatin; Cyclophosphamide; Dexamethasone; Disease Management; Doxorubicin; Etoposide; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; Humans; Lenalidomide; Multiple Myeloma; Plasmacytoma; Prognosis; Transplantation, Autologous
PubMed: 33724461
DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17338 -
Clinical & Experimental Optometry May 2013Primary extramedullary plasmacytomas of the eyelid are rare with only five other cases reported in the literature. A 43-year-old Chinese man presented with painless... (Review)
Review
Primary extramedullary plasmacytomas of the eyelid are rare with only five other cases reported in the literature. A 43-year-old Chinese man presented with painless swelling of the left lower eyelid that developed over the past two years. An incisional biopsy and histopathological analysis of the lesion revealed a primary extramedullary plasmacytoma of the eyelid. The tumour was completely excised. There has been no tumour recurrence over the last five years. This tumour should be among those considered when encountering an atypical adnexal lesion. A systemic examination, relevant clinical investigations, as well as life-long monitoring are essential for these patients due to the strong association of extramedullary plasmacytoma with multiple myeloma. When a lesion can be completely resected, surgery provides similar results to radiotherapy.
Topics: Adult; Eyelid Neoplasms; Humans; Male; Plasmacytoma
PubMed: 22970978
DOI: 10.1111/j.1444-0938.2012.00797.x -
Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal Mar 2010Extramedullary plasmacytomas most commonly occur in the nasal cavity, nasopharynx, paranasal sinuses, and larynx. Thyroid involvement is rare, as fewer than 75 cases... (Review)
Review
Extramedullary plasmacytomas most commonly occur in the nasal cavity, nasopharynx, paranasal sinuses, and larynx. Thyroid involvement is rare, as fewer than 75 cases have been previously reported in the literature. We report a new case of disseminated plasmacytoma of the thyroid, which occurred in a 68-year-old woman. The diagnosis was made with an incisional biopsy. The patient initially experienced a complete response to radiotherapy (46.8 Gy in 26 fractions), but she developed multiple metastases at distant sites, including the breast, abdominal wall, and buttock despite various chemotherapy regimens. Ultimately, she was placed on palliative radiotherapy. We also briefly review the diagnostic and treatment options for patients with extramedullary plasmacytoma.
Topics: Biopsy; Combined Modality Therapy; Humans; Plasmacytoma; Thyroid Neoplasms
PubMed: 20229481
DOI: No ID Found -
Clinical Breast Cancer Apr 2006Plasmacytic tumors in the breast are extremely rare neoplasms that can mimic mammary adenocarcima. A literature review revealed approximately 43 reports worldwide of... (Review)
Review
Plasmacytic tumors in the breast are extremely rare neoplasms that can mimic mammary adenocarcima. A literature review revealed approximately 43 reports worldwide of plasmacytic tumors in the breast since 1928, the majority with a synchronous diagnosis of multiple myeloma. We discuss management of a 78-year-old man with plasmacytoma in the breast who underwent a left total mastectomy and axillary lymph node dissection. This report characterizes the histologic and immunochemical characteristics of plasmacytoma in the breast and reviews the consensus on treatment. This could be the first recorded account of plasmacytomas in the breast with axillary lymph node involvement and extracapsular extension of tumor.
Topics: Aged; Axilla; Biopsy, Needle; Breast Neoplasms; Disease Progression; Fatal Outcome; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Lymph Nodes; Lymphatic Metastasis; Male; Mastectomy; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neoplasm Staging; Plasmacytoma
PubMed: 16764748
DOI: 10.3816/CBC.2006.n.017 -
Journal of Surgical Oncology Sep 1983A retrospective review is presented of nine patients presenting with solitary plasmacytoma. Between 1963 and 1980, these patients were treated with radiation at the...
A retrospective review is presented of nine patients presenting with solitary plasmacytoma. Between 1963 and 1980, these patients were treated with radiation at the Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Louisville. Criteria for admission to this particular study include (1) a solitary focus of plasmacytoma proven by biopsy, (2) normal bone marrow findings (less than 10% plasma cells), and (3) no evidence of disseminated disease. In six patients the primary site was osseous, and in three extramedullary, two of which were located in the nasopharynx and nasal cavity and the third in the stomach. All of the extramedullary plasmacytomas are disease free for periods ranging from 4 to 10 years. Of the six patients with osseous lesions, two developed multiple myeloma in 2 and 3 years, two are NED (No Evidence of Disorder) after 9 years, one died of intercurrent disease, and the remaining patient was NED for 2 years, after which he was lost to follow-up. These results suggest the more favorable prognosis of extramedullary plasmacytoma and support the theory that the solitary plasmacytoma of bone and extramedullary plasmacytoma are distinct disease entities.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Bone Neoplasms; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Plasmacytoma; Respiratory Tract Neoplasms; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 6887936
DOI: 10.1002/jso.2930240111 -
Journal of Clinical Pathology Sep 1968Three cases of plasmacytoma of the thyroid are described and their clinical and histological features recorded. Two were considered to be true extramedullary...
Three cases of plasmacytoma of the thyroid are described and their clinical and histological features recorded. Two were considered to be true extramedullary plasmacytomas, the third the initial manifestation of a disseminated myelomatous process. Plasmacytomas of the thyroid are shown to have many features in common with malignant lymphomas in this site, including an association with Hashimoto thyroiditis in more than half the reported cases. No certain method of assessing the prognosis in any individual case has yet been described.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Lymphoma; Male; Middle Aged; Plasmacytoma; Thyroid Gland; Thyroid Neoplasms; Thyroiditis, Autoimmune
PubMed: 5754880
DOI: 10.1136/jcp.21.5.661