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Platelets Jul 2020Single-spin methods of preparation of platelet-rich plasma are used widely in private practice, yet they have not been extensively studied and compared. The use of...
Single-spin methods of preparation of platelet-rich plasma are used widely in private practice, yet they have not been extensively studied and compared. The use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) by the private practitioner can be facilitated by efficient and predictable PRP preparation. The primary purpose of this study was to study common methods of single-spin PRP preparation to determine their efficiency and variability. Six single-spin methods of PRP production from whole blood were analyzed. The primary measures were mean yield and standard deviation as the quotient of total platelet count in PRP produced divided by total platelet count in whole blood utilized. Each sample was analyzed in triplicate and the results were averaged. Secondary measures included red blood cell count (RBC) and white blood cell count (WBC), concentration ratio, and variable cost per million platelets produced. Sixty-four volunteers provided samples from 30 June 2017 to 30 September 2018. Seventeen to twenty six samples were utilized to assess each method. Yields for the six preparation methods (PMs) varied from 53(±18)% to 72(±13)%. Differences were observed for WBC count (1.8 to 14), Hematocrit (0.8 to 32), platelet concentration (568 to 1062), and variable cost per billion platelets produced ($1.55 to $44.31). All six methods evaluated provided a platelet yield of more than 50%, although two methods were less efficient than the others. Two methods were able to produce leukocyte-poor PRP. Variability was moderate across all methods, suggesting that estimation of platelet yield should be feasible from a baseline platelet count for all methods.
Topics: Blood Platelets; Centrifugation; Humans; Platelet Count; Platelet-Rich Plasma
PubMed: 31498027
DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2019.1663808 -
Platelets 2015
Topics: Endocarditis; Female; Humans; Male; Mean Platelet Volume; Platelet Count
PubMed: 24617309
DOI: 10.3109/09537104.2014.887200 -
Clinical Laboratory Science : Journal... 2007To compare two manual methods for estimating platelet counts from Wright's stained peripheral blood smears regarding their correlation with each other and with automated... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
OBJECTIVE
To compare two manual methods for estimating platelet counts from Wright's stained peripheral blood smears regarding their correlation with each other and with automated platelet counts. This correlation was examined in relation to whether the platelet count was high, low, or normal and in relation to whether the hemoglobin value was low versus normal or high.
DESIGN
Peripheral blood smears were Wright's stained and both platelet count estimation methodologies were performed on each slide. The traditional estimation method was the average number of platelets per oil immersion field (OIF) multiplied by 20,000 to yield a platelet count estimate per uL. The alternate estimation method was the average number of platelets per OIF multiplied by the patient's hemoglobin value in g/dL and then multiplied by 1,000 to yield a platelet count estimation per uL. The platelet count estimates were performed without the technologists having prior knowledge of the automated platelet counts which were produced on a Coulter LH750 analyzer. The agreement between the two manual methodologies with each other and each method with the automated count was assessed using the paired T-test and correlation coefficient analyses. These analyses were performed for the whole dataset as well as for subsets based on the automated platelet count and the hemoglobin value.
SETTING
East Carolina University's Clinical Laboratory Science program in collaboration with the Clinical Pathology/Laboratory at Pitt County Memorial Hospital (PCMH) in Greenville NC.
PARTICIPANTS
One hundred eighty-four blood samples in EDTA-anticoagulant VacutainerI tubes were used to conduct this study. Each blood sample had two peripheral blood smears made and stained on an automatic slide stainer. The blood samples were obtained from the Clinical Pathology/Laboratory of Pitt County Memorial Hospital in October and November of 2004. Each sample was given a unique numeric identifier with no personal identifying information from any sample being recorded.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE
Platelet counts by two slide estimation methods and by an automated reference method.
RESULTS
The traditional platelet count estimation method had a mean for the sample of 269,000/uL, while the alternate estimation method had a mean of 155,000/uL. The mean for the automated platelet counts was 268,000/uL. The traditional estimation method showed no statistically significant difference in mean from the automated platelet counts based on the paired T-test (p = 0.87). The traditional estimation method counts and automated counts had a high Pearson Product Moment correlation coefficient of r = .90 and a minimally dispersed scatterplot, thus showing strong agreement. The alternate platelet count estimation method had a mean for the sample of 155,000/uL which, based on the paired T-test, was highly significantly different from the automated count mean (p < 0.0001) and the traditional estimation method mean (p < 0.0001). The alternate estimation method and automated counts had a lower r value of .81 and greater dispersion in the scatterplot. In comparing the estimation methods with each other and with the automated method, the differences and similarities in agreement observed for the whole dataset were also observed with each platelet count and hemoglobin subset of data.
CONCLUSIONS
Though the alternate platelet count estimation method has been recommended for use particularly with patients with low hemoglobin values, this study found that the traditional estimation method provided more agreement with automated counts than did the alternate estimation method for all samples as well as for the subset of samples with low hemoglobin values. For the present, the traditional method of estimating platelet counts from blood smears to evaluate automated results appears to provide adequate quality assurance.
Topics: Clinical Laboratory Techniques; Humans; Platelet Count; Statistics as Topic
PubMed: 17691671
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Dec 2011False thrombocytopenia may result from platelet aggregation, especially in feline ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) blood specimens. Citrate, theophylline,...
Comparison of platelet clumping and complete blood count results with Sysmex XT-2000iV in feline blood sampled on EDTA or EDTA plus CTAD (citrate, theophylline, adenosine and dipyridamole).
False thrombocytopenia may result from platelet aggregation, especially in feline ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) blood specimens. Citrate, theophylline, adenosine and dipyridamole (CTAD) was added to 46 feline EDTA specimens to test its anti-aggregation action. Platelet aggregation was estimated from blood films and a complete blood count was performed with a Sysmex XT-2000iV analyser. Platelet aggregation score was >2 in 11/46 EDTA tubes and only in one EDTA+CTAD specimen. The platelet count was higher in all CTAD-supplemented tubes except one, medians measured by cytometry being 225.5 × 10(9)/l and 249.0 × 10(9)/l in EDTA and EDTA+CTAD, respectively (P = 0.007). Adding CTAD had statistically and analytically significant but moderate effects on other blood variables, the most intense variations being observed for reticulocytes (about 3% higher in EDTA specimens) and reticulocyte indexes. Addition of CTAD to EDTA when sampling feline blood is a useful option to reduce platelet clumping.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Blood Cell Count; Cat Diseases; Cats; Citric Acid; Dipyridamole; Edetic Acid; Flow Cytometry; Platelet Aggregation; Platelet Count; Theophylline; Thrombocytopenia
PubMed: 22079363
DOI: 10.1016/j.jfms.2011.07.014 -
Clinical Laboratory May 2023Impedance-based detection and optic detection with fluorescence are common platelet counting methods used by modern hematology analyzers. There are few studies to...
BACKGROUND
Impedance-based detection and optic detection with fluorescence are common platelet counting methods used by modern hematology analyzers. There are few studies to compare the accuracy of platelet counts using these methods in case of increased MPV.
METHODS
Sixty patients with immune-related thrombocytopenia (IRTP) and 60 healthy controls were included. Platelet counts were obtained by BC-6900 analyzer using impedance detection (PLT-I) and optic detection with fluorescence (PLT-O). Flow cytometry was used as the reference (FCM-ref).
RESULTS
The platelet counts in patients using PLT-I were significantly lower than those using PLT-O or FCM-ref by an average of 13.3%. The platelet counts by PLT-O compared to FCM-ref were not statistically significant. MPV inversely affected the platelet counts. When MPV was < 13 fL, platelet counts by all three methods were not statistically different. When MPV was ≥ 13 fL, platelet counts by PLT-I were significantly lower (-15.8%) than those by PLT-O or FCM-ref. Furthermore, when MPV was ≥ 15 fL, platelet counts using PLT-I were further decreased (-23.6%) compared to the counts obtained by PLT-O or FCM-ref.
CONCLUSIONS
The platelet counts by PLT-O in patients with IRTP is as accurate as by FCM-ref. When MPV is < 13 fL, platelet counts by all three methods are comparable. However, when MPV is ≥ 13 fL, platelet counts by PLT-I can erroneously decrease by as many as 23.6%. Therefore, in case of IRTP, or any cases when MPV ≥ 13 fL, platelet counts obtained by PLT-I method should be carefully checked by other methods, such as PLT-O to ensure a more accurate platelet count.
Topics: Humans; Mean Platelet Volume; Blood Platelets; Platelet Count; Thrombocytopenia; Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic
PubMed: 37145064
DOI: 10.7754/Clin.Lab.2022.220807 -
The Veterinary Clinics of North... Sep 2022The mammalian hemostatic system is highly conserved, and companion exotic mammals are commonly used as biomedical models for normal and disordered hemostasis. Challenges... (Review)
Review
The mammalian hemostatic system is highly conserved, and companion exotic mammals are commonly used as biomedical models for normal and disordered hemostasis. Challenges associated with sample collection, test validation, and test interpretation have limited the use of these tests in clinical exotic animal practice. However, evaluation of platelet counts, coagulation screening times, and fibrin(ogen) degradation products can be valuable for monitoring exotic patients with a range of disease presentations including intoxications, anemia, systemic viral disease, hepatopathy, and endocrinopathy.
Topics: Animals; Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products; Hemostasis; Hemostatics; Mammals; Platelet Count
PubMed: 36122943
DOI: 10.1016/j.cvex.2022.06.005 -
Transfusion Oct 2011
Topics: Humans; Platelet Count; Platelet Transfusion; Time Factors
PubMed: 21985052
DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2011.03304.x -
Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi Dec 2023To investigate the changes of platelet count (PLT), plateletcrit (PCT), mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) before and after apheresis...
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the changes of platelet count (PLT), plateletcrit (PCT), mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) before and after apheresis platelet transfusion, the correlation between the parameters and their clinical significance.
METHODS
A total of 38 patients who received apheresis platelet transfusion were selected, their results of blood routine test closest to the time point of apheresis platelet transfusion were consulted from hospital information system and the changes of PLT, PCT, MPV and PDW were compared before and after transfusion. The correlation between above parameters was analyzed. The correlation of body mass index (BMI) with the increased multiple and increased value after platelet infusion was also analyzed.
RESULTS
Compared with pre-infusion, PLT and PCT significantly increased (both <0.001) while MPV and PDW showed no significant difference after apheresis platelet transfusion ( >0.05). The difference of PLT and PCT before and after apheresis platelet transfusion had no correlation with PLT and PCT before transfusion ( =0.002, =0.001), while the difference of MPV and PDW was negatively correlated with MPV and PDW before transfusion ( =-0.462, =-0.610). The PLT growth rate was positively correlated with PCT growth rate before and after apheresis platelet transfusion ( =0.819). BMI was positively correlated with the increased multiple of PLT after infusion ( =0.721), but not with the increased value of PLT after infusion ( =0.374).
CONCLUSION
Apheresis platelet transfusion can cause platelet parameters change and shows different characteristics. Characteristic changes of platelet parameters and their correlation can be used as reference indices to evaluate the efficacy of apheresis platelet transfusion.
Topics: Humans; Mean Platelet Volume; Platelet Transfusion; Blood Platelets; Platelet Count; Blood Component Removal
PubMed: 38071067
DOI: 10.19746/j.cnki.issn.1009-2137.2023.06.034 -
PloS One 2013Although several studies demonstrated that platelet count is higher in women, decreases with age, and is influenced by genetic background, most clinical laboratories...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Although several studies demonstrated that platelet count is higher in women, decreases with age, and is influenced by genetic background, most clinical laboratories still use the reference interval 150-400×10(9) platelets/L for all subjects. The present study was to identify age- and sex-specific reference intervals for platelet count.
METHODS
We analysed electronic records of subjects enrolled in three population-based studies that investigated inhabitants of seven Italian areas including six geographic isolates. After exclusion of patients with malignancies, liver diseases, or inherited thrombocytopenias, which could affect platelet count, reference intervals were estimated from 40,987 subjects with the non parametric method computing the 2.5° and 97.5° percentiles.
RESULTS
Platelet count was similar in men and women until the age of 14, but subsequently women had steadily more platelets than men. The number of platelets decreases quickly in childhood, stabilizes in adulthood, and further decreases in oldness. The final result of this phenomenon is that platelet count in old age was reduced by 35% in men and by 25% in women compared with early infancy. Based on these findings, we estimated reference intervals for platelet count ×10(9)/L in children (176-452), adult men (141-362), adult women (156-405), old men (122-350) and, old women (140-379). Moreover, we calculated an "extended" reference interval that takes into account the differences in platelet count observed in different geographic areas.
CONCLUSIONS
The age-, sex-, and origin-related variability of platelet count is very wide, and the patient-adapted reference intervals we propose change the thresholds for diagnosing both thrombocytopenia and thrombocytosis in Italy.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Blood Platelets; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Italy; Male; Middle Aged; Platelet Count; Reference Values; Sex Factors; Thrombocytopenia; Thrombocytosis; White People
PubMed: 23382888
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054289 -
Clinical Biochemistry Sep 2020Diagnostic coagulation testing is vulnerable to factors of the pre-analytical phase such as sample centrifugation. Despite this, centrifugation conditions differ widely...
BACKGROUND
Diagnostic coagulation testing is vulnerable to factors of the pre-analytical phase such as sample centrifugation. Despite this, centrifugation conditions differ widely among European laboratories. Here we use samples from patients referred for Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) testing to investigate if different centrifugation conditions result in platelet-poor plasma (PPP) (plasma platelet count < 10 × 10/L) and how the variation in centrifugation conditions affect APTT measurements.
METHODS
Centrifugation of 2000g (10 min) were compared with 3000g (10 min) using samples from patients referred for APTT testing (n = 70). Plasma platelet count and APTT were measured to investigate the influence of the centrifugation conditions. Differences were evaluated using Bland Altman Plots and Student's t-test.
RESULTS
Centrifugation at 3000g for 10 min produced PPP for more of the samples (64%) than centrifugation at 2000g (6%) (p < 0.001). No statistically significant difference for APTT (p = 0.265) was found for samples with APTT < 37 s while samples with prolonged APTT (>37 s) showed a statistically significant difference (p = 0.025). The Bland Altman plot did not reveal a clinically significant difference (mean difference 0.30 s/0.68%) when compared to a maximum acceptable bias of 10%.
CONCLUSION
None of the centrifugation conditions used in this study adequately secured PPP for all samples. Despite a statistically significant difference between samples with prolonged APTT, no clinically significant difference was observed when comparing all APTT measurements.
Topics: Centrifugation; Humans; Partial Thromboplastin Time; Platelet Count; Specimen Handling
PubMed: 32446848
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2020.05.006