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Nederlands Tijdschrift Voor Geneeskunde Sep 1968
Topics: Neoplasm Metastasis; Pleural Effusion; Pleural Neoplasms
PubMed: 5680136
DOI: No ID Found -
International Journal of Molecular... Nov 2021Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive tumor mainly associated with asbestos exposure and is characterized by a very difficult pharmacological approach.... (Review)
Review
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive tumor mainly associated with asbestos exposure and is characterized by a very difficult pharmacological approach. One of the molecular mechanisms associated with cancer onset and invasiveness is the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), an event induced by different types of inducers, such as transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), the main inducer of EMT, and oxidative stress. MPM development and metastasis have been correlated to EMT; On one hand, EMT mediates the effects exerted by asbestos fibers in the mesothelium, particularly via increased oxidative stress and TGFβ levels evoked by asbestos exposure, thus promoting a malignant phenotype, and on the other hand, MPM acquires invasiveness via the EMT event, as shown by an upregulation of mesenchymal markers or, although indirectly, some miRNAs or non-coding RNAs, all demonstrated to be involved in cancer onset and metastasis. This review aims to better describe how EMT is involved in driving the development and invasiveness of MPM, in an attempt to open new scenarios that are useful in the identification of predictive markers and to improve the pharmacological approach against this aggressive cancer.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition; Humans; Mesothelioma, Malignant; MicroRNAs; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasm Proteins; Pleural Neoplasms; RNA, Neoplasm; Transforming Growth Factor beta
PubMed: 34830097
DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212216 -
Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology... Oct 2012Until the 1980s, chrysotile asbestos was a component of automotive brakes manufactured in the US. The current OSHA Bulletin (2006) for brake repair cites a single study... (Review)
Review
Until the 1980s, chrysotile asbestos was a component of automotive brakes manufactured in the US. The current OSHA Bulletin (2006) for brake repair cites a single study (Lemen, 2004) which concluded that the number of mesothelioma cases reported in the literature in "end-product users of friction materials" indicated an asbestos-related risk for auto mechanics. However, Lemen (2004) did not compare the reported number of cases to an "expected" value, even though pleural mesothelioma occurs in the general population in the absence of asbestos exposure. We compare the number of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) cases reported in the US literature among auto mechanics between 1975-2007 to an expected value derived from estimated numbers of current and former auto mechanics. A total of 106 cases categorized as mesothelioma or malignant neoplasm of the pleura were found in the literature. Using background incidence rates for MPM of two and three cases per million individuals per year, we estimated that a range of 278-515 cases of non-asbestos-related MPM, respectively, would have occurred in current or former auto mechanics from 1975-2007. Our findings are consistent with the numerous epidemiology studies that have found no increased risk of MPM in auto mechanics.
Topics: Asbestos, Serpentine; Female; Humans; Male; Mesothelioma; Occupational Exposure; Pleural Neoplasms; United States; Work
PubMed: 22668748
DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2012.05.015 -
Der Pathologe Nov 2014The definitive diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma (MM) in effusion cytology is often avoided or reluctantly made by cytology alone. The most probable reason for this... (Review)
Review
The definitive diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma (MM) in effusion cytology is often avoided or reluctantly made by cytology alone. The most probable reason for this skepticism is the lack of expertise in cytology among many pathologists and clinicians. When an effusion specimen is composed of cells with unequivocal cytological features of malignancy that have the morphology and immunophenotype of mesothelial cells, the cytological diagnosis of MM is straightforward. However, in the daily routine difficult cases of atypical mesothelial cells are often encountered and additional methods are required to establish an accurate diagnosis. In contrast to reactive mesothelial cells cells of MMs often harbor chromosomal aberrations, most frequently a polysomy in combination with a 9p21 deletion. These chromosomal aberrations can easily be detected by multitarget fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH); therefore, FISH allows a reliable distinction between reactive mesothelial cells and MM cells. In order to be able to discriminate between MM and adenocarcinoma, an immunocytochemical panel consisting of different mesothelial and epithelial markers is very helpful. In most inconclusive cases of atypical mesothelial cells the combination of morphology, immunocytochemistry and FISH allows a better distinction between reactive mesothelial cells and MM in effusion cytology.
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Lung; Mesothelioma; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Pleura; Pleural Neoplasms; World Health Organization
PubMed: 25069847
DOI: 10.1007/s00292-014-1922-2 -
Journal of Pediatric Oncology Nursing :... 2008Pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) is a dysontogenetic neoplasm of childhood that involves lung and/or pleura. There is an increased incidence of neoplasias and dysplasias...
Pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) is a dysontogenetic neoplasm of childhood that involves lung and/or pleura. There is an increased incidence of neoplasias and dysplasias among young relatives of children with PPB. Pathophysiologically, PPB evolves from a cystic to solid state over time. It is subclassified as type I (purely cystic), type II (both cystic and solid elements), and type III (completely solid). Type II and type III may be associated with metastasis, with the brain being the most common metastatic site. The absence of epithelial malignancy in PPB is a feature that distinguishes it from the adult-type pulmonary blastoma. The clinical presentation includes signs and symptoms associated with various respiratory disorders. To make a definitive diagnosis of PPB, an examination of the cystic fluid or solid tumor is required. Treatment for PPB consists primarily of surgery and chemotherapy. Nursing care is directed toward maintaining normal respiratory and neurological function, maintaining normal fluid and electrolyte balance, minimizing side effects associated with treatment, and providing education for the family.
Topics: Child, Preschool; Education, Continuing; Female; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Pleural Neoplasms; Prognosis; Pulmonary Blastoma; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 18780898
DOI: 10.1177/1043454208323292 -
Seminars in Oncology Feb 2002Diffuse malignant pleural mesothelioma (DMPM) is a challenging disease in all of its aspects, from presentation and diagnosis to staging and treatment. Single-modality... (Review)
Review
Diffuse malignant pleural mesothelioma (DMPM) is a challenging disease in all of its aspects, from presentation and diagnosis to staging and treatment. Single-modality therapy was the initial approach to this disease. It generally has not been effective in changing the natural history of DMPM. As a result, multimodality regimens involving surgery with radiation, chemotherapy, or immunotherapy delivered regionally or systemically have been evaluated. Randomized controlled studies comparing various strategies are lacking and, thus, the debate continues regarding the effectiveness of different treatment approaches.
Topics: Combined Modality Therapy; Humans; Mesothelioma; Neoplasm Staging; Pleural Neoplasms
PubMed: 11836668
DOI: 10.1053/sonc.2002.30230 -
Clinical Radiology Dec 2005Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an increasingly prevalent tumour. The death rate associated with MPM is predicted to peak in the next 10 years, although... (Review)
Review
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an increasingly prevalent tumour. The death rate associated with MPM is predicted to peak in the next 10 years, although radiologists and clinicians will be encountering cases for the next few decades. Contrast-enhanced CT is an established technique for evaluating suspected malignant pleural disease, but MPM can be reliably diagnosed only by histological sampling. However, even with adequate sampling and the use of immunocytochemistry, histological diagnosis is known to be difficult; definitive diagnosis may involve a combination of clinical presentation, radiological and histological appearances. Percutaneous biopsy is a promising technique for sampling the pleura. In view of its pattern of growth, MPM is a challenging disease to image by any method, and it behaves quite differently from lung cancer. This review aims to highlight the practical aspects of assessing malignant pleural mesothelioma.
Topics: Biopsy, Needle; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Mesothelioma; Neoplasm Staging; Pleura; Pleural Effusion, Malignant; Pleural Neoplasms; Positron-Emission Tomography; Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 16291305
DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2005.05.015 -
Radiologia Apr 2024Mesothelioma is an infrequent neoplasm with a poor prognosis that is related to exposure to asbestos and whose peak incidence in Europe is estimated from 2020. Its... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Mesothelioma is an infrequent neoplasm with a poor prognosis that is related to exposure to asbestos and whose peak incidence in Europe is estimated from 2020. Its diagnosis is complex; imaging techniques and the performance of invasive pleural techniques being essential for pathological confirmation. The different diagnostic yields of these invasive techniques are collected in the medical literature. The present work consisted of reviewing how the definitive diagnosis of mesothelioma cases in our centre was reached to check if there was concordance with the data in the bibliography.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Retrospective review of patients with a diagnosis of pleural mesothelioma in the period 2019-2021, analysing demographic data and exposure to asbestos, the semiology of the radiological findings and the invasive techniques performed to reach the diagnosis.
RESULTS
Twenty-six mesothelioma cases were reviewed. 22 men and 4 women. Median age 74 years. 9 patients had a history of asbestos exposure. Moderate-severe pleural effusion was the most frequent radiological finding (23/26). The sensitivity of the invasive techniques was as follows: Cytology 13%, biopsy without image guidance 11%, image-guided biopsy 93%, surgical biopsy 67%.
CONCLUSIONS
In our review, pleural biopsy performed with image guidance was the test that had the highest diagnostic yield, so it should be considered as the initial invasive test for the study of mesothelioma.
Topics: Male; Humans; Female; Aged; Mesothelioma; Pleural Neoplasms; Asbestos; Pleural Effusion; Diagnostic Imaging
PubMed: 38642958
DOI: 10.1016/j.rxeng.2023.03.005 -
Interactive Cardiovascular and Thoracic... May 2011A best evidence topic in thoracic surgery was written according to a structured protocol. The question addressed was whether positron emission tomography is useful in... (Review)
Review
A best evidence topic in thoracic surgery was written according to a structured protocol. The question addressed was whether positron emission tomography is useful in the diagnosis and prognosis of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). Altogether 136 papers were found using the reported search, of which 15 represented the best evidence to answer the clinical question. The authors, journal, date and country of publication, patient group studied, study type, relevant outcomes and results of these papers are tabulated. We conclude that fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) accurately differentiates benign from malignant pleural disease, helps detect recurrence and provides prognostic information in terms of staging, survival and mortality. Eleven studies evaluated the role of FDG-PET in the diagnosis and prognosis of MPM. Malignant disease had a higher standardised uptake value (SUV) (6.5 ± 3.4 vs. 0.8 ± 0.6; P < 0.001) than benign pleural disease. Shorter median survival (9.7 vs. 21 months; P = 0.02) was associated with high SUV (>10) than low SUV (<10). PET accurately upstaged 13% and downstaged 27% of cases initially staged with computed tomography (CT). In patients undergoing chemotherapy, higher total glycolytic volume led to a lower median survival (4.9 vs. 11.5 months; P = 0.09), while a decline in FDG uptake was associated with a longer time to tumour progression (14 vs. 7 months; P = 0.02). Four studies observed the role of FDG-PET-CT in the diagnosis and prognosis of MPM. SUV was found to be higher in MPM compared to benign pleural disease (6.5 vs. 0.8; P < 0.001). A higher SUV(max) was observed in primary pleural lesions of metastatic (7.1 vs. 4.7; P = 0.003) compared to non-metastatic disease. Patients who underwent surgery had equivalent survival to those excluded based on scan results (20 vs. 12 months; P = 0.3813). One study compared the utility of PET and PET-CT in the diagnosis and prognosis of mesothelioma. PET-CT was found to be more accurate than PET in terms of staging (P < 0.05) disease. Overall, PET accurately diagnoses MPM, predicts survival and disease recurrence. It can guide further management by predicting the response to chemotherapy and excluding surgery in patients with extrathoracic disease. Combined PET-CT has additional benefits in accurately staging disease.
Topics: Benchmarking; Biopsy; Diagnosis, Differential; Evidence-Based Medicine; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Humans; Mesothelioma; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neoplasm Staging; Pleural Neoplasms; Positron-Emission Tomography; Predictive Value of Tests; Radiopharmaceuticals; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Survival Rate; Time Factors; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 21266493
DOI: 10.1510/icvts.2010.255901 -
International Journal of Clinical... Feb 2012
Topics: Early Detection of Cancer; Humans; Mesothelioma; Neoplasm Staging; Pleural Neoplasms; Prognosis
PubMed: 22234638
DOI: 10.1007/s10147-011-0365-5