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Soins; La Revue de Reference Infirmiere Feb 1989
Topics: Adult; Drainage; Hospitalization; Humans; Male; Pleurisy; Punctures
PubMed: 2705047
DOI: No ID Found -
Infection 1990A 30-year-old, previously healthy patient developed a pleurisy and pneumonia due to group C streptococcus, with multiple medical complications, including bilateral... (Review)
Review
A 30-year-old, previously healthy patient developed a pleurisy and pneumonia due to group C streptococcus, with multiple medical complications, including bilateral empyemas. Eight other reported cases of group C streptococcal pneumonia are reviewed.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Female; Humans; Male; Pleurisy; Pneumonia; Streptococcal Infections
PubMed: 2210858
DOI: 10.1007/BF01643397 -
Problemy Tuberkuleza 1989A draft scheme for classification of pleurisy is described. It includes (1) pleurisy form, (2) qualitative characteristics of pleural exudate, (3) pleurisy topography,...
A draft scheme for classification of pleurisy is described. It includes (1) pleurisy form, (2) qualitative characteristics of pleural exudate, (3) pleurisy topography, (4) etiology, (5) clinical characteristics of the pleurisy process, (6) residual postpleuritic lesions and (7) functional disorders in the lungs and heart. Brief comments on the classification system are presented.
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Pleurisy; Tuberculosis, Pleural
PubMed: 2734259
DOI: No ID Found -
Clinics in Chest Medicine Jun 2006The goals of therapeutic thoracentesis are to remove the maximum amount of pleural fluid to improve dyspnea and to facilitate the diagnostic evaluation of large pleural... (Review)
Review
The goals of therapeutic thoracentesis are to remove the maximum amount of pleural fluid to improve dyspnea and to facilitate the diagnostic evaluation of large pleural effusions. Pleural manometry may be useful for immediately detecting an unexpandable lung, which may coexist when any pleural fluid accumulates. Pleural manometry may improve patient safety when removing large amounts of pleural fluid. The basics of pleural space mechanics are discussed as they apply to the normal pleural space and to pleural effusion associated with expandable and unexpandable lung. This article also discusses the instrumentation required to perform bedside manometry, how manometry may decrease the risk of re-expansion pulmonary edema when large amounts of fluid are removed, and the diagnostic capabilities of manometry.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Manometry; Models, Animal; Paracentesis; Pleural Effusion; Pleurisy; Pressure
PubMed: 16716815
DOI: 10.1016/j.ccm.2005.12.007 -
La Revue Du Praticien Mar 2007In a medical context, it is important to precise if the pleurisy is associated with signs of tamponnade, and/or clinical presentation of ominous organic distress (acute... (Review)
Review
In a medical context, it is important to precise if the pleurisy is associated with signs of tamponnade, and/or clinical presentation of ominous organic distress (acute respiratory failure, septic, haemorragic, or cardiogenic shock) or pulmonary embolism. Presence of pleural tamponnade leads to immediate decompression pleural puncture which improves rapidly in general the clinical tolerance, and later permits etiologic treatment. In more severe conditions, pleural evacuation is done in parallel with cardiopulmonary resuscitation maneuvers. If hydropneumothorax is present, immediate drainage with a chest tube will be performed. In other situations, the presence of an abundant pleural effusion with clear fluid necessitates partial needle evacuation to authorize secondarily complementary investigations with pleural biopsy. If purulent pleurisy is discovered, immediate evacuation of pus is mandatory, with needle pleural lavage or chest tube. In all cases, the pleural fluid requires complete haematological, biochemical, and cytologic as well as bacteriological analysis. In the surgical emergency ward, if an opened wound is discovered (gun shot, blunt object or weapon), cardiocirculatory resuscitation is often mandatory, with immediate transfer to the operation ward for an exploratory thoracotomy. If a closed thoracic trauma is present, the problem is generally the management of an hemo(pneumo)thorax with chest tube drainage leading sometimes if the pleural bleeding persists to thoracotomy.
Topics: Algorithms; Emergency Service, Hospital; Humans; Pleurisy
PubMed: 17583133
DOI: No ID Found -
Archives de Pediatrie : Organe Officiel... Apr 2016Pleural tuberculosis is the first or second most common form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis as well as the main cause of pleural effusion in many countries. It is rare...
Pleural tuberculosis is the first or second most common form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis as well as the main cause of pleural effusion in many countries. It is rare in young infants and is more common in children over 10 years of age. We report the case of a 19-month-old girl admitted for prolonged fever with unilateral pleural effusion. The mother reported a history of lymph node tuberculosis 6 years previously. Intravenous antibiotics with cefotaxime and vancomycin were started. Thoracocentesis yielded a serosanguinous exudate fluid with a lymphocyte predominance. The tuberculin skin test and PCR GeneXpert(©) on pleural fluid were negative. The initial outcome was favorable, but the chest X-rays 10 days after discharge showed bilateral pleural effusion. Pleural biopsy was proposed but the culture of pleural fluid was positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The child was put under standard treatment for tuberculosis. The outcome was favorable.
Topics: Female; Humans; Infant; Pleurisy; Tuberculosis, Pleural
PubMed: 26922570
DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2016.01.014 -
Revue de Pneumologie Clinique 1988Two cases of sarcoidosis associated with pleurisy are presented. The pleural effusion had the same characteristics in both cases. Histology showed non-caseating...
Two cases of sarcoidosis associated with pleurisy are presented. The pleural effusion had the same characteristics in both cases. Histology showed non-caseating epithelioid and giant cell granulomas in the parietal pleura. The first case was consistent with sarcoid pleurisy, but in the second case culture of a pleural biopsy specimen fragment demonstrated tuberculous pleurisy. Pleurisy may complicate sarcoidosis in about 2.5% of patients, notably in extensive pulmonary sarcoidosis with extrathoracic lesions. The clinical presentation and the appearance of the pleural fluid are varied. In most cases, a predominantly lymphocytic sero-fibrinous exudate is present. Thorough bacteriological studies, best performed on pleural tissue cultures, must follow the discovery of non-caseating tuberculoid granulomas which are also found in tuberculous pleurisy. Among the various pathogenetic theories considered, the immune reaction theory deserves special mention.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Lung Diseases; Pleurisy; Sarcoidosis
PubMed: 3387775
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of the American Veterinary... Oct 2016
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Diagnosis, Differential; Familial Mediterranean Fever; Female; Mycoplasma hyorhinis; Pleurisy; Swine; Swine Diseases
PubMed: 27654161
DOI: 10.2460/javma.249.7.755 -
Archives of Internal Medicine Oct 1998To determine the age at which tuberculous pleural effusions occur, the radiological and biochemical characteristics of the effusions, the sensitivities of the various...
OBJECTIVES
To determine the age at which tuberculous pleural effusions occur, the radiological and biochemical characteristics of the effusions, the sensitivities of the various diagnostic tests, and the utility of combining clinical, radiological, and analytic data in diagnosis.
METHODS
We studied the case histories of 254 patients in whom tuberculous pleural effusions were diagnosed with certainty between January 1, 1989, and June 30, 1997, in a Spanish university hospital in a region with a high incidence of tuberculosis.
RESULTS
The mean (+/-SD) age of the patients was 34.1+/-18.1 years, and 62.2% were younger than 35 years. The effusion was on the right side in 55.9% of patients, on the left side in 42.5% of patients, and on both sides in 1.6% of patients. In 81.5% of patients, less than two thirds of the hemithorax was affected. Associated pulmonary lesions were detected in 18.9% of patients, of whom 14.6% exhibited cavitation. In 93.3% of the effusions, more than 50% of leukocytes were lymphocytes, and almost all had the biologic characteristics of exudates (98.8% had high total protein contents, 94.9% had high cholesterol levels, and 82.3% had high lactate dehydrogenase levels). All but 1 effusion (99.6%) had an adenosine deaminase (ADA) concentration higher than 47 U/L, 96.8% (123/127) of the effusions had high ADA2 levels, and 89% (73/82) of the effusions had high interferon gamma levels. Adenosine deaminase 2 contributed 72.2%+/-12.5% (mean +/- SD) of total ADA activity. Total ADA activity was significantly correlated with ADA2 (r = 0.83) and with interferon gamma (r = 0.30) levels. Definitive diagnosis was based on the observation of caseous granulomas in pleural biopsy tissue samples in 79.8% of patients, on the results of biopsy cultures in 11.7% of patients, and on pleural effusion cultures in the remaining 8.5% of patients. Results of the tuberculin skin test were positive in only 66.5% of patients.
CONCLUSIONS
In these patients, lymphocyte-rich exudative pleural effusions occurred, on average, at a young age, with no preference for either the right or the left side; normally affected no more than two thirds of the hemithorax; and were generally unaccompanied by pulmonary infiltrates. High ADA concentration was a highly sensitive diagnostic sign and was caused by a rise in ADA2 concentration. The most sensitive criterion based on pleural biopsy was the observation of caseous granulomas, and culture of biopsy material further increased overall sensitivity. Negative skin test results were no guarantee of the effusion being nontuberculous. This, together with the low mean age of the patients and the low frequency of associated pulmonary lesions, suggests that tuberculous pleural effusion is a primary form of tuberculosis in this region.
Topics: Adenosine Deaminase; Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Age of Onset; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pleural Effusion; Pleurisy; Radiography; Sensitivity and Specificity; Tuberculosis, Pleural
PubMed: 9778201
DOI: 10.1001/archinte.158.18.2017 -
Fel'dsher I Akusherka 1981
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Empyema; Humans; Infant; Pleurisy
PubMed: 6912134
DOI: No ID Found