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The Journal of Biological Chemistry Feb 2014Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology offers the promise of immune-matched cell therapies for a wide range of diseases and injuries. It is generally assumed... (Review)
Review
Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology offers the promise of immune-matched cell therapies for a wide range of diseases and injuries. It is generally assumed that cells derived from autologous iPSCs will be immune-privileged. However, there are reasons to question this assumption, including recent studies that have tested iPSC immunogenicity in various ways with conflicting results. Understanding the risk of an immune response and developing strategies to minimize it will be important steps before clinical testing. Here, we review the evidence for autologous iPSC immunogenicity, its potential causes, and approaches for assessment and mitigation.
Topics: Animals; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells; Stem Cell Transplantation; Transplantation, Autologous
PubMed: 24362036
DOI: 10.1074/jbc.R113.509588 -
Biotechnology Progress Mar 2017Implementation of model-based practices for process development, control, automation, standardization, and validation are important factors for therapeutic and... (Review)
Review
Implementation of model-based practices for process development, control, automation, standardization, and validation are important factors for therapeutic and industrial applications of human pluripotent stem cells. As robust cultivation strategies for pluripotent stem cell expansion and differentiation have yet to be determined, process development could be enhanced by application of mathematical models and advanced control systems to optimize growth conditions. Therefore, it is important to understand both the potential of possible applications and the apparent limitations of existing mathematical models to improve pluripotent stem cell cultivation technologies. In the present review, the authors focus on these issues as they apply to stem cell expansion processes. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 33:355-364, 2017.
Topics: Batch Cell Culture Techniques; Bioreactors; Cell Differentiation; Cell Proliferation; Cell Self Renewal; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Computer Simulation; Feedback, Physiological; Forecasting; Humans; Models, Biological; Pluripotent Stem Cells
PubMed: 28019701
DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2431 -
Stem Cell Research Oct 2020The Spanish National Stem Cell Bank (Banco Nacional de Líneas Celulares, BNLC) was established in 2006 thanks to a change in the legislative framework in Spain. The Law...
The Spanish National Stem Cell Bank (Banco Nacional de Líneas Celulares, BNLC) was established in 2006 thanks to a change in the legislative framework in Spain. The Law 14/2006 updated the previous Assisted Reproduction Techniques Law (Law 45/2003) allowing the use of the surplus frozen embryos following IVF for research. The BNLC has a network structure with 3 nodes: the Regenerative Medicine Program (IDIBELL), the Principe Felipe Research Center (CIPF) in Valencia and the Andalusian Public Health System Biobank (SSPA Biobank) in Granada. The aim of the BNLC is to guarantee throughout the national territory the availability of human stem cell lines for biomedical research. At present time, there are 40 human embryonic stem cell lines (hESC) and 171 human induced pluripotent stem cell lines (hiPSC) registered in the BNLC. These lines are fully characterized and available in the context of research projects approved by the Technical Committee of the BNLC.
Topics: Cell Differentiation; Cell Line; Embryonic Stem Cells; Government Regulation; Humans; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells; Pluripotent Stem Cells; Spain; Tissue Banks
PubMed: 32905997
DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2020.101956 -
Acta Biomaterialia Feb 2017Biophysical properties of the scaffolds such as the elastic modulus, have been recently shown to impact stem cell lineage commitment. On the other hand, the contribution...
UNLABELLED
Biophysical properties of the scaffolds such as the elastic modulus, have been recently shown to impact stem cell lineage commitment. On the other hand, the contribution of the Poisson's ratio, another important biophysical property, to the stem cell fate decision, has not been studied. Scaffolds with tunable Poisson's ratio (ν) (termed as auxetic scaffolds when Poisson's ratio is zero or negative) are anticipated to provide a spectrum of unique biophysical 3-D microenvironments to influence stem cell fate. To test this hypothesis, in the present work we fabricated auxetic polyurethane scaffolds (ν=0 to -0.45) and evaluated their effects on neural differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). Compared to the regular scaffolds (ν=+0.30) before auxetic conversion, the auxetic scaffolds supported smaller aggregate formation and higher expression of β-tubulin III upon neural differentiation. The influences of pore structure, Poisson's ratio, and elastic modulus on neural lineage commitment were further evaluated using a series of auxetic scaffolds. The results indicate that Poisson's ratio may confound the effects of elastic modulus, and auxetic scaffolds with proper pore structure and Poisson's ratio enhance neural differentiation. This study demonstrates that tuning the Poisson's ratio of the scaffolds together with elastic modulus and microstructure would enhance the capability to generate broader, more diversified ranges of biophysical 3-D microenvironments for the modulation of cellular differentiation.
STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE
Biophysical signaling from the substrates and scaffolds plays a critical role in neural lineage commitment of pluripotent stem cells. While the contribution of elastic modulus has been well studied, the influence of Poisson's ratio along with microstructure of the scaffolds remains unknown largely due to the lack of technology to produce materials with tailorable Poisson's ratio. This study fabricated auxetic polyurethane scaffolds with different elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio and microstructure and evaluated neural differentiation of pluripotent stem cells. The findings add a novel angle to understand the impact of biophysical microenvironment on stem cell fate decisions.
Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Biophysical Phenomena; Cell Differentiation; Cell Line; Cell Proliferation; Cytochalasin D; Elastic Modulus; Humans; Mice; Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells; Pluripotent Stem Cells; Polyurethanes; Tissue Scaffolds
PubMed: 27845272
DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.11.025 -
Stem Cell Research May 2021The Korea National Stem Cell Bank has been banking pluripotent stem cell (PSC) lines since 2012. Quality-controlled and ethically sourced cell lines were developed for...
The Korea National Stem Cell Bank has been banking pluripotent stem cell (PSC) lines since 2012. Quality-controlled and ethically sourced cell lines were developed for distribution. Currently (as of 2020), among the 69 deposited lines, 4 research-grade human embryonic stem cell (hESC) lines and 19 induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines have been distributed. Good manufacturing practices (GMP)-compliant homozygous iPSC lines for regenerative medicine with homozygous HLA haplotypes that cover 51% of the Korean population have been deposited as well. To ensure the quality of the cell lines, we performed eighteen different quality tests on the identity, sterility, consistency, stability and safety of the cell lines. Regarding genetic stability, we are collecting SNPchip, WES, Methyl-seq, and RNA-seq data, which are open to the public.
Topics: Cell Line; Embryonic Stem Cells; Humans; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells; Pluripotent Stem Cells; Republic of Korea
PubMed: 33714852
DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2021.102270 -
Stem Cell Reports Nov 2023For nearly three decades, more than 80 embryonic stem cell lines and more than 100 induced pluripotent stem cell lines have been derived from New World monkeys, Old... (Review)
Review
For nearly three decades, more than 80 embryonic stem cell lines and more than 100 induced pluripotent stem cell lines have been derived from New World monkeys, Old World monkeys, and great apes. In this comprehensive review, we examine these cell lines originating from marmoset, cynomolgus macaque, rhesus macaque, pig-tailed macaque, Japanese macaque, African green monkey, baboon, chimpanzee, bonobo, gorilla, and orangutan. We outline the methodologies implemented for their establishment, the culture protocols for their long-term maintenance, and their basic molecular characterization. Further, we spotlight any cell lines that express fluorescent reporters. Additionally, we compare these cell lines with human pluripotent stem cell lines, and we discuss cell lines reprogrammed into a pluripotent naive state, detailing the processes used to attain this. Last, we present the findings from the application of these cell lines in two emerging fields: intra- and interspecies embryonic chimeras and blastoids.
Topics: Animals; Chlorocebus aethiops; Macaca mulatta; Expeditions; Pluripotent Stem Cells; Cell Line; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells; Macaca fascicularis
PubMed: 37863046
DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2023.09.013 -
Reproductive Toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) Sep 2022The advent of the technology to isolate or generate human pluripotent stem cells provided the potential to develop a wide range of human models that could enhance...
The advent of the technology to isolate or generate human pluripotent stem cells provided the potential to develop a wide range of human models that could enhance understanding of mechanisms underlying human development and disease. These systems are now beginning to mature and provide the basis for the development of in vitro assays suitable to understand the biological processes involved in the multi-organ systems of the human body, and will improve strategies for diagnosis, prevention, therapies and precision medicine. Induced pluripotent stem cell lines are prone to phenotypic and genotypic changes and donor/clone dependent variability, which means that it is important to identify the most appropriate characterization markers and quality control measures when sourcing new cell lines and assessing differentiated cell and tissue culture preparations for experimental work. This paper considers those core quality control measures for human pluripotent stem cell lines and evaluates the state of play in the development of key functional markers for their differentiated cell derivatives to promote assurance of reproducibility of scientific data derived from pluripotent stem cell-based systems.
Topics: Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Differentiation; Humans; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells; Pluripotent Stem Cells; Reproducibility of Results
PubMed: 35697279
DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2022.06.003 -
Stem Cells Translational Medicine Apr 2015The field of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) is in a state of dynamic flux driven by significant advances in the derivation of specific phenotypes from embryonic stem... (Review)
Review
The field of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) is in a state of dynamic flux driven by significant advances in the derivation of specific phenotypes from embryonic stem cells, breakthroughs in somatic cell nuclear transfer, and dramatic improvements in generating induced PSCs using zero footprint methods. Spurred by these technological advances, companies have begun to plan clinical studies using human PSC derivatives manufactured in current Good Manufacturing Practice-compliant conditions. In the present review, we discuss the challenges in making these biological products, starting from tissue sourcing to the processes involved in manufacture, storage, and distribution. Additional challenges exist to meeting the regulatory requirements and keeping costs affordable. A model is described that has been proposed by the U.S. National Institutes of Health for reducing the costs and permitting flexibility and innovation by individual investigators. This model, combined with small adjustments in the regulatory processes tailored to address the unique properties of PSCs, has the potential of significantly accelerating the implementation of PSC-based cell therapy.
Topics: Cell Differentiation; Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy; Embryonic Stem Cells; Humans; Pluripotent Stem Cells; Stem Cell Transplantation; United States
PubMed: 25722426
DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2014-0202 -
Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton,... 2017Stem cell banking has been a topic of discussion and debate for more than a decade since the first public services to supply human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) were... (Review)
Review
Stem cell banking has been a topic of discussion and debate for more than a decade since the first public services to supply human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) were established in the USA and the UK. This topic has received a recent revival with numerous ambitious programmes announced to deliver large collections of human induced pluripotency cell (hiPSC) lines. This chapter will provide a brief overview charting the development of stem cell banks, their value, and their likely role in the future.
Topics: Animals; Cell Differentiation; Embryonic Stem Cells; Humans; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
PubMed: 28353258
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6921-0_1 -
Stem Cells Translational Medicine Sep 2021StemCellQC is a video bioinformatics software tool for the quantitative analysis of human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) colonies. Our objective was to use StemCellQC to...
StemCellQC is a video bioinformatics software tool for the quantitative analysis of human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) colonies. Our objective was to use StemCellQC to evaluate and compare various experimental culture conditions, cell lines, and treatments and to demonstrate its applicability to PSC problems. Seven key features were identified that provided useful information on PSC morphology, dynamic behavior, and viability. Colony attachment was better on laminin-521 than on Matrigel and Geltrex. Growth rates were similar on each matrix when data were normalized. The brightness/area ratio feature showed greater cell death in colonies grown on Matrigel and Geltrex than on laminin-521 further contributing to an overall greater yield of cells on laminin-521. Four different PSC culture media performed similarly; however, one medium produced batch-to-batch variation in colony morphology and dynamic features. Two embryonic and one induced pluripotent stem cell line showed significant differences in morphology, growth rates, motility, and death rates. Cells from the same vial that became phenotypically different in culture showed measurable differences in morphology, brightness, and motility. Likewise, differentiating and undifferentiated colonies varied in growth rate, intensity, and motility. Three pluripotent cell lines treated with a low concentration of cinnamaldehyde, a chemical used in consumer products, showed adverse effects and differed in their sensitivity to treatment. Our data demonstrate various applications of StemCellQC which could be used in basic and translational research, toxicological and drug testing, and clinical facilities engaged in stem cell therapy.
Topics: Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Differentiation; Computational Biology; Humans; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells; Pluripotent Stem Cells
PubMed: 34089307
DOI: 10.1002/sctm.15-0352