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Emergency Medicine Journal : EMJ Jul 2008
Topics: Adult; Anesthesia, Epidural; Female; Humans; Injections, Spinal; Pneumocephalus; Steroids; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 18573953
DOI: 10.1136/emj.2006.044412 -
Pediatric Neurosurgery 2020
Topics: Citrobacter koseri; Humans; Pneumocephalus
PubMed: 33075776
DOI: 10.1159/000511290 -
Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke... Feb 2024
Topics: Humans; Pneumocephalus; Ear, Middle; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 38369796
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20230816-00048 -
Journal of the Neurological Sciences Mar 2016
Topics: Adolescent; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Pneumocephalus; Pott Puffy Tumor; Tomography Scanners, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 26944146
DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2016.01.056 -
Neurosurgery Dec 1979Pneumocephalus developing after a ventriculoatrial shunting procedure is described. This was found to be caused by a defect in the posterior wall of the frontal sinus,...
Pneumocephalus developing after a ventriculoatrial shunting procedure is described. This was found to be caused by a defect in the posterior wall of the frontal sinus, possibly secondary to chronically increased intracranial pressure. A review of the pertinent literature revealed only two other similar cases.
Topics: Adult; Cerebral Aqueduct; Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts; Constriction, Pathologic; Female; Frontal Sinus; Humans; Hydrocephalus; Intracranial Pressure; Pneumocephalus; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 534081
DOI: 10.1227/00006123-197912000-00012 -
Neurocritical Care Dec 2018Pneumocephalus (PNC) is a condition in which when air is trapped inside the intracranial vault. The causes are varied, but include trauma and intracranial surgery.... (Review)
Review
Pneumocephalus (PNC) is a condition in which when air is trapped inside the intracranial vault. The causes are varied, but include trauma and intracranial surgery. Treatment of PNC typically consists of augmenting patient oxygenation with the attempt of washing out pulmonary nitrogen, creating a gradient in which nitrogen in the intracranial air bubble diffuses out of the lungs via the blood. Though several high flow methods have been tested, the ideal mode of oxygenation has not fully been investigated. Here we present 3 cases of post-operative PNC who we felt were symptomatic from PNC. With administration of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC), all patients improved both clinically and radiographically within a few hours, faster than in both anecdotal experience and published trials. Due to its steady FiO2 administration, positive pressure, comfort, and low side-effect profile, HFNC may be the ideal mode of oxygen delivery in PNC. We present a review of the physiology of PNC and the characteristics of several oxygen delivery systems to build a case for HFNC in this disease process.
Topics: Aged; Cannula; Craniotomy; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Oxygen Inhalation Therapy; Pneumocephalus; Postoperative Complications
PubMed: 28932993
DOI: 10.1007/s12028-017-0464-x -
The American Journal of Emergency... Jul 2021Traumatic tension pneumocephalus and orbital compartment syndrome are rare, tend to be associated with severe craniofacial injuries, and can occur following both blunt...
Traumatic tension pneumocephalus and orbital compartment syndrome are rare, tend to be associated with severe craniofacial injuries, and can occur following both blunt and penetrating injury. Early recognition and high index of clinical suspicion are important in both cases. Emergency decompression results in improvement in vast majority of cases.
Topics: Accidents, Traffic; Compartment Syndromes; Fractures, Bone; Humans; Lacrimal Apparatus; Male; Orbit; Pneumocephalus; Young Adult
PubMed: 33431199
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.12.077 -
Indian Journal of Pediatrics Apr 2019
Topics: Brain; Bronchopneumonia; Female; Humans; Infant; Neuroimaging; Pneumocephalus; Positive-Pressure Respiration; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 30617608
DOI: 10.1007/s12098-018-2808-8 -
Il Fracastoro 1967
Topics: Accidents, Traffic; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Female; Humans; Intracranial Pressure; Male; Middle Aged; Pneumocephalus; Skull Fractures
PubMed: 5617712
DOI: No ID Found -
World Neurosurgery Jun 2020Intracranial pneumocephalus, the accumulation of air, occurs most frequently from trauma, tumor, cranial surgeries, or infection. Intraparenchymal otogenic...
BACKGROUND
Intracranial pneumocephalus, the accumulation of air, occurs most frequently from trauma, tumor, cranial surgeries, or infection. Intraparenchymal otogenic pneumocephalus is a rare but well-documented development. We describe a patient who developed pneumocephalus in the context of eardrum perforation secondary to toothpick use for ear wax.
CASE DESCRIPTION
An 86-year-old female presented to the emergency room with a 1-day history of dysarthria and a few days of cough and sneezing. History revealed she had recently been advised to avoid Q-Tips to clean her ears and instead was using toothpicks. She denied otalgia or otorrhea and had no signs of infection near the ear. On otoscopic examination, the right tympanic membrane was perforated. On head computed tomography, she was found to have a large right temporal pneumocephalus extending from the petrous bone. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed a defect in the right tegmen. She was started on empiric antibiotics and subsequently taken to the operating room for craniotomy and repair of bony and dural defects.
CONCLUSIONS
Otogenic pneumocephalus is a rare occurrence. This is the first reported case of pneumocephalus related to self-induced middle ear trauma with a toothpick that ultimately required craniotomy for repair.
Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Dental Devices, Home Care; Female; Humans; Pneumocephalus; Tympanic Membrane
PubMed: 32194265
DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.03.053