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Microbiologia, Parazitologia,... 1965
Review
Topics: Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses; Virus Cultivation; Virus Diseases
PubMed: 5320804
DOI: No ID Found -
Clinical Features of Human Metapneumovirus-Associated Community-acquired Pneumonia Hospitalizations.Clinical Infectious Diseases : An... Jan 2021Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a leading cause of respiratory tract infections. Few studies have compared the clinical characteristics and severity of HMPV-associated...
BACKGROUND
Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a leading cause of respiratory tract infections. Few studies have compared the clinical characteristics and severity of HMPV-associated pneumonia with other pathogens.
METHODS
Active, population-based surveillance was previously conducted for radiographically confirmed, community-acquired pneumonia hospitalizations among children and adults in 8 United States hospitals. Clinical data and specimens for pathogen detection were systematically collected. We described clinical features of all HMPV-associated pneumonia and, after excluding codetections with other pathogen types, we compared features of HMPV-associated pneumonia with other viral, atypical, and bacterial pneumonia and modeled the severity (mild, moderate, and severe) and length of stay using multivariable proportional odds regression.
RESULTS
HMPV was detected in 298/2358 (12.6%) children and 88/2320 (3.8%) adults hospitalized with pneumonia and was commonly codetected with other pathogens (125/298 [42%] children and 21/88 [24%] adults). Fever and cough were the most common presenting symptoms of HMPV-associated pneumonia and were also common symptoms of other pathogens. After excluding codetections in children (n = 1778), compared to HMPV (reference), bacterial pneumonia exhibited increased severity (odds ratio [OR], 3.66; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.43-9.40), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV; OR, 0.76; 95% CI, .59-.99) and atypical (OR, 0.39; 95% CI, .19-.81) infections exhibited decreased severity, and other viral pneumonia exhibited similar severity (OR, 0.88; 95% CI, .55-1.39). In adults (n = 2145), bacterial (OR, 3.74; 95% CI, 1.87-7.47) and RSV pneumonia (OR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.32-2.50) were more severe than HMPV (reference), but all other pathogens had similar severity.
CONCLUSIONS
Clinical features did not reliably distinguish HMPV-associated pneumonia from other pathogens. HMPV-associated pneumonia was less severe than bacterial and adult RSV pneumonia, but was otherwise as or more severe than other common pathogens.
Topics: Adult; Child; Hospitalization; Humans; Infant; Metapneumovirus; Paramyxoviridae Infections; Pneumonia, Viral; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections; Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human; Respiratory Tract Infections
PubMed: 32010955
DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa088 -
The Lancet. Respiratory Medicine Oct 2020
Topics: Humans; Infant; Microbiota; Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human
PubMed: 32203713
DOI: 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30106-5 -
The Lancet. Global Health Oct 2017
Topics: Antiviral Agents; Child; Humans; Infant; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses
PubMed: 28911753
DOI: 10.1016/S2214-109X(17)30348-0 -
Pharmacology & Therapeutics Nov 2006Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of bronchiolitis, pneumonia, mechanical ventilation, and respiratory failure in infants in the US. No effective... (Review)
Review
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of bronchiolitis, pneumonia, mechanical ventilation, and respiratory failure in infants in the US. No effective post-infection treatments are widely available, and currently there is no vaccine. RSV disease is the result of virus-induced airway damage and complex inflammatory processes. The outcome of infection depends on host and viral genetics. Here, we review disease mechanisms in primary RSV infection that are implicated by clinical studies, in vitro systems, and animal models. Defining RSV disease mechanisms is difficult because there is a wide range of RSV disease phenotypes in humans, and there are disparities in RSV disease phenotypes among the animal models of RSV infection. However, host factors identified by multiple lines of investigation as playing important roles in RSV pathogenesis are providing key insights. A better understanding of RSV molecular biology and RSV pathogenesis is facilitating rational vaccine design strategies and molecular targets for new therapeutics.
Topics: Animals; Cytokines; Humans; Mice; Phenotype; Rats; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses; T-Lymphocytes
PubMed: 16820210
DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2006.04.008 -
Pediatric Pulmonology Oct 2022The reliability of a breath sound analysis using an objective method in infants has been reported.
INTRODUCTION
The reliability of a breath sound analysis using an objective method in infants has been reported.
OBJECTIVE
Breath sounds of infants with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) acute bronchiolitis were analyzed via a breath sound spectrogram to evaluate their characteristics and examine their relationship with the severity.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS
We evaluated the inspiratory and expiratory breath sound parameters of 33 infants diagnosed with RSV acute bronchiolitis. The sound powers of inspiration and expiration were evaluated at the acute phase and recovery phase of infection. Furthermore, the relationship between the breath sound parameters and the clinical severity of acute bronchiolitis was examined.
RESULTS
Analyses of the breath sound spectrogram showed that the power of expiration as well as the expiration-to-inspiration sound ratio in the mid-frequency (E/I MF) was increased in the acute phase and decreased during the recovery phase. The E/I MF was inversely correlated with the SpO and positively correlated with the severity score.
CONCLUSION
In infants with RSV acute bronchiolitis, the sound power of respiration was large at the acute phase, significantly decreasing in the recovery phase. In 61% of participants, nonuniform, granular bands were shown in the low-pitched region of the expiratory spectrogram.
Topics: Bronchiolitis; Humans; Infant; Reproducibility of Results; Respiratory Sounds; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections; Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses
PubMed: 35670233
DOI: 10.1002/ppul.26034 -
Virology Aug 1976
Topics: Capsid; Cell Line; Glycopeptides; Molecular Weight; Peptides; RNA, Viral; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses; Viral Proteins
PubMed: 960560
DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(76)90077-5 -
Indian Journal of Pediatrics Sep 2023
Topics: Infant; Humans; Metapneumovirus; Paramyxoviridae Infections; Respiratory Tract Infections
PubMed: 37247182
DOI: 10.1007/s12098-023-04653-2 -
Pediatric Pulmonology Nov 2023
Review
Topics: Humans; Infant; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections; Bronchiolitis; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses; Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human
PubMed: 37417816
DOI: 10.1002/ppul.26589 -
Emerging Infectious Diseases Apr 2004Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a member of the subfamily Pneumovirinae within the family Paramyxo- viridae. Other members of this subfamily, respiratory syncytial virus...
Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a member of the subfamily Pneumovirinae within the family Paramyxo- viridae. Other members of this subfamily, respiratory syncytial virus and avian pneumovirus, can be divided into subgroups on the basis of genetic or antigenic differences or both. For HMPV, the existence of different genetic lineages has been described on the basis of variation in a limited set of available sequences. We address the antigenic relationship between genetic lineages in virus neutralization assays. In addition, we analyzed the genetic diversity of HMPV by phylogenetic analysis of sequences obtained for part of the fusion protein (n = 84) and the complete attachment protein open reading frames (n = 35). On the basis of sequence diversity between attachment protein genes and the differences in virus neutralization titers, two HMPV serotypes were defined. Each serotype could be divided into two genetic lineages, but these did not reflect major antigenic differences.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Genetic Variation; HN Protein; Humans; Metapneumovirus; Molecular Sequence Data; Open Reading Frames; Phylogeny; Viral Envelope Proteins; Viral Fusion Proteins; Viral Vaccines
PubMed: 15200856
DOI: 10.3201/eid1004.030393