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Journal of the American Academy of... Oct 2013Although traditionally known as "white forelock," poliosis circumscripta, defined as a localized patch of white hair in a group of hair follicles, can involve any hairy... (Review)
Review
Although traditionally known as "white forelock," poliosis circumscripta, defined as a localized patch of white hair in a group of hair follicles, can involve any hairy area on the body including the scalp, eyebrows, and eyelashes. Microscopically, poliosis demonstrates either decreased or absent melanin and/or melanocytes in the hair bulbs of the affected hair follicles. Classically, poliosis is known to occur in the setting of several genetic syndromes including piebaldism, Waardenburg, and tuberous sclerosis. In addition, poliosis has been described in association with various acquired conditions. These include inflammatory conditions, benign and malignant neoplastic entities that are mainly melanocytic, medications, and others. In this review, we aim to describe the different conditions where poliosis may be encountered, with the aim of helping the clinician to better evaluate any patient presenting with poliosis.
Topics: Adult; Algorithms; Alopecia Areata; Biopsy, Needle; Causality; Comorbidity; Female; Hair Diseases; Hair Follicle; Humans; Hypopigmentation; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Melanins; Melanocytes; Piebaldism; Pigmentation Disorders; Prognosis; Risk Assessment; Tuberous Sclerosis; Uveomeningoencephalitic Syndrome; Waardenburg Syndrome
PubMed: 23850259
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2013.05.022 -
Pediatric Dermatology 2024Poliosis is defined as the absence of melanin in hair, and hair graying typically occurs with hair melanin reduction. Poliosis can occur at any age but presents in... (Review)
Review
Poliosis is defined as the absence of melanin in hair, and hair graying typically occurs with hair melanin reduction. Poliosis can occur at any age but presents in childhood in certain genetic and acquired conditions, with many families seeking evaluation from a pediatric dermatologist. Poliosis presents as white hair typically restricted to a certain location of the scalp. Children may also present with a reduction of expected hair pigmentation, referred to as pigment dilution, or the development of hair graying. This review aims to provide a streamlined diagnostic approach for pediatric dermatologists when presented with these hair findings. Poliosis should be recognized as a potential diagnostic feature or initial sign in many syndromes and thus can guide clinicians in diagnosing and managing conditions earlier in a patient's care. Since many of the genetic and acquired conditions that present with poliosis or hair pigment dilution have extracutaneous manifestations, early diagnosis is vital in establishing multidisciplinary care.
Topics: Humans; Child; Melanins; Hypopigmentation; Hair; Pigmentation Disorders; Hair Diseases; Hair Color
PubMed: 38156748
DOI: 10.1111/pde.15498 -
Revista Clinica Espanola Oct 2019
PubMed: 30290970
DOI: 10.1016/j.rce.2018.07.004 -
La Clinica Terapeutica 2020To better understand the real prevalence of cutaneous manifestations, in Neurofibromatosis type 1. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To better understand the real prevalence of cutaneous manifestations, in Neurofibromatosis type 1.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We reviewed all clinical charts of 1102 NF1 patients followed by February 1983 to February 2020 at the "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy. NF1 patients are seen usually every year by a dermatologist.
RESULT
Café-au-lait macules were shown in 1063 patients (96.5%), axillary and inguinal freckling in 991 (90%) and neurofibromas in 861 (78.1%). Other skin manifestations included: lipoma (6.2%), nevus anemicus (3.9%), psoriasis (3.4%), spilus nevus (3.2%), juvenile xanthogranuloma (3.2%), vitiligo (2.3%), Becker's nevus (1.9%), melanoma (0.7%) and poliosis (0.5%).
CONCLUSION
Neurofibromatosis type 1 is a multisystem disorder primarily involving the skin and nervous system. The clinical manifestations are extremely variable even within a family. This study was performed to delineate the prevalence of cutaneous manifestations in NF1.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Italy; Male; Middle Aged; Neurofibromatosis 1; Prevalence; Skin Diseases; Young Adult
PubMed: 32901776
DOI: 10.7417/CT.2020.2242 -
Clinical & Experimental Optometry Apr 2023
Topics: Humans; Uveomeningoencephalitic Syndrome; Pigmentation Disorders
PubMed: 35068374
DOI: 10.1080/08164622.2022.2029681 -
The American Journal of Medicine Dec 2019
Topics: Adult; Biopsy, Needle; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Hair Diseases; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Melanoma; Pigmentation Disorders; Scalp; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 31242438
DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2019.05.042 -
Journal of the European Academy of... Jul 2021
Topics: Eyelashes; Hair Diseases; Humans; Melanoma; Neoplasms, Second Primary; Pigmentation Disorders
PubMed: 33660293
DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17215 -
Annales de Dermatologie Et de... Sep 2023
Topics: Humans; Tattooing; Nivolumab
PubMed: 37271607
DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2023.01.002 -
Archives of Dermatology Feb 2006
Topics: Aged; Diagnosis, Differential; Follow-Up Studies; Hair Follicle; Herpes Zoster; Herpesvirus 3, Human; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Male
PubMed: 16490864
DOI: 10.1001/archderm.142.2.250 -
Pediatric Neurology Jun 2018
Topics: Brain Neoplasms; Child, Preschool; Epilepsies, Partial; Eyebrows; Ganglioglioma; Hair Diseases; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Parietal Lobe; Pigmentation Disorders
PubMed: 29655524
DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2017.12.015