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Hinyokika Kiyo. Acta Urologica Japonica Jul 2003A 58-year-old man visited our clinic with complaints of gross hematuria and pollakisuria. Cystoscopic examination revealed multiple non-papillary broad based tumors and... (Review)
Review
A 58-year-old man visited our clinic with complaints of gross hematuria and pollakisuria. Cystoscopic examination revealed multiple non-papillary broad based tumors and reddish unstable mucosa in the bladder. The pathological specimen of the transurethral biopsy of the tumors showed signet-ring cell carcinoma predominantly and adenocarcinoma transforming into signet-ring cell carcinoma partially. A total cystectomy with ileal conduit urinary diversion was performed. The histopathological finding of the radical cystectomy specimen was grade 3 transitional cell carcinoma accompanied by adenocarcinoma. These findings suggest that the adenomatous metaplasia of transitional cell carcinoma in the bladder could differentiate into signet-ring cell carcinoma.
Topics: Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell; Cystectomy; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
PubMed: 12968484
DOI: No ID Found -
Proceedings of the National Academy of... Nov 2010Reduced functional bladder capacity and concomitant increased micturition frequency (pollakisuria) are common lower urinary tract symptoms associated with conditions...
Reduced functional bladder capacity and concomitant increased micturition frequency (pollakisuria) are common lower urinary tract symptoms associated with conditions such as cystitis, prostatic hyperplasia, neurological disease, and overactive bladder syndrome. These symptoms can profoundly affect the quality of life of afflicted individuals, but available pharmacological treatments are often unsatisfactory. Recent work has demonstrated that the cation channel TRPV4 is highly expressed in urothelial cells and plays a role in sensing the normal filling state of the bladder. In this article, we show that the development of cystitis-induced bladder dysfunction is strongly impaired in Trpv4(-/-) mice. Moreover, we describe HC-067047, a previously uncharacterized, potent, and selective TRPV4 antagonist that increases functional bladder capacity and reduces micturition frequency in WT mice and rats with cystitis. HC-067047 did not affect bladder function in Trpv4(-/-) mice, demonstrating that its in vivo effects are on target. These results indicate that TRPV4 antagonists may provide a promising means of treating bladder dysfunction.
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; Cyclophosphamide; Cystitis; Humans; Membrane Transport Modulators; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Morpholines; Pyrroles; Rats; Rats, Wistar; TRPV Cation Channels; Urinary Bladder; Urination; Urothelium
PubMed: 20956320
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1005333107 -
Ugeskrift For Laeger Nov 1997Two cases of haemorrhagic cystitis following treatment with methicillin and penicillin G are presented. Two males, aged 24 and 45 years, presented identical symptoms...
Two cases of haemorrhagic cystitis following treatment with methicillin and penicillin G are presented. Two males, aged 24 and 45 years, presented identical symptoms including haematuria, dysuria and pollakisuria. The condition has in rare instances been described as caused by antibiotic treatment; in all cases a penicillin was involved. All symptoms promptly vanished when the antibiotic treatment was stopped, and the reactions were possibly allergic since cross-reactions between different penicillins have been described in earlier cases.
Topics: Adult; Cystitis; Drug Incompatibility; Hemorrhage; Humans; Male; Methicillin; Middle Aged; Penicillin G; Penicillins
PubMed: 9417722
DOI: No ID Found -
Acta Microbiologica Et Immunologica... Dec 2012Myiasis is caused by the larval stages of flies feeding on live or dead mammalian tissues and fluids. Human cases involving the genitourinary system are very rare and...
Myiasis is caused by the larval stages of flies feeding on live or dead mammalian tissues and fluids. Human cases involving the genitourinary system are very rare and present with unusual symptoms.We report the case of a male, 25-year-old shepherd who underwent a surgical intervention on his urinary tract for renal lithiasis and was catheterized with a drain dwelling in his left kidney. A few days after the patient showed signs of dysuria, polyuria and pollakisuria. Lower urinary tract infection with ciprofloxacin susceptible E. coli was diagnosed and treated accordingly. The symptoms persisted and, a few days later, fly maggots were released repeatedly in the urine of the patient and sent for investigation. Macroscopic analysis and microscopy were performed. We detected 3-4 mm long, dorso-ventrally flattened white live fly larvae with lateral projections, typical for Fannia (Diptera: Fannidae) genus. Identification on a species level could not be performed as larva feeding facilities or specific DNA based methods were not available for us.Even if maggot urinary tract infestations are extremely rare in Europe, we should consider them in order to provide a rapid and correct diagnosis followed by an adequate treatment.
Topics: Adult; Agricultural Workers' Diseases; Animals; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Infections; Europe; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Larva; Lithiasis; Male; Muscidae; Myiasis; Postoperative Complications; Urinary Tract Infections
PubMed: 23195555
DOI: 10.1556/AMicr.59.2012.4.4 -
Nihon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi. the... Aug 1990We investigated fifteen patients with partial sacral agenesis who complained of urological disorders. Those with a myelomeningocele were not included. The mean age at...
We investigated fifteen patients with partial sacral agenesis who complained of urological disorders. Those with a myelomeningocele were not included. The mean age at the first visit was 13 years old. Bilateral and unilateral sacral agenesis were observed in nine and six patients, respectively. Chief complaints comprised incontinence and/or nocturnal enuresis in 10 patients, pollakisuria 5, recurrent fever attack due to urinary tract infection 5 and difficulty in micturition 2. In 4 cases vesicoureteral reflux was observed. At an initial urodynamic study bladder compliance varied from 1.4 to 37.0 (mean 10.4) ml/cmH2O and uninhibited contractions were present in 10 of them. Three patients were judged to have normal or almost normal bladder function. After treatment with clean intermittent catheterization and/or anticholinergics, compliance improved to a mean of 15.1 ml/cmH2O and the uninhibited contraction decreased in its amplitude or disappeared completely in 8 of 10 cases. It was suggested that patients with partial sacral agenesis originally suffered from a lower motor neuron lesion. The severity of the sacral deformities and other neurological symptoms (gait or sensory disturbance) were not related with the urodynamic findings. However, it was found that the more the cystogram was deformed the lower was the bladder compliance.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Parasympatholytics; Sacrum; Urinary Catheterization; Urinary Tract; Urodynamics; Urologic Diseases
PubMed: 2232412
DOI: 10.5980/jpnjurol1989.81.1205 -
Hinyokika Kiyo. Acta Urologica Japonica Sep 1989A 22-year-old female visited our hospital with complaints of pollakisuria and dysuria on July 3, 1987. Cystoscopy revealed a tumorous lesion in the urinary bladder. On... (Review)
Review
A 22-year-old female visited our hospital with complaints of pollakisuria and dysuria on July 3, 1987. Cystoscopy revealed a tumorous lesion in the urinary bladder. On July 8, 1987, she had urinary retention because of relapse of the tumor from the external urethral orifice. Under the diagnosis of urinary bladder tumor, tumorectomy was performed. The resected tumor had a steel, smooth surface, was elastic soft, red-purple and 7 g in weight. Pathological examination demonstrated the tumor to be composed of spindle-like cells, which showed no mitotic figures. Therefore, the tumor was diagnosed as leiomyoma of urinary bladder. In the literature, 67 cases of leiomyoma of the urinary bladder have been reported so far in Japan. The patients ages ranged from the 2nd to 8th decade, the peak age being the 4th decade. The sex ratio was 5 to 2, females being predominant. Chief complaints were hematuria, pollakisuria and dysuria, but prolapse of the tumor from the external urethral orifice was rare, only 3 cases including our case being reported thus far. Tumorectomy (34 cases, 27%) or partial cystectomy (16 cases, 27%) was performed in many cases, because it was benign. The prognosis was good, and there have been no reports stating that it become malignant.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Japan; Leiomyoma; Prolapse; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Urination Disorders
PubMed: 2683666
DOI: No ID Found -
Der Urologe. Ausg. A Jun 2003Today, urgency and urge incontinence are both defined under the topic overactive bladder (OAB) whereby pure urge syndrome (pollakisuria, nocturia, and urgency) can... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Review
Today, urgency and urge incontinence are both defined under the topic overactive bladder (OAB) whereby pure urge syndrome (pollakisuria, nocturia, and urgency) can easily lead to urge incontinence. Antimuscarinics still constitute the domain of treatment for overactive bladder. The pharmacological effect of modern substances consists of M2 or M3 muscarinic receptor blockade. This blockade prevents acetylcholine from connecting to these receptors and thus leads to a weakness or prevention of the detrusor muscle contraction. These groups of drugs are defined as muscarinic receptor antagonists, antimuscarinics, or anticholinergics. In addition to the muscarinic receptors, some drugs directly block the calcium channels in the cell membrane (calcium antagonists) which are classified as drugs with mixed effect. The presented paper gives an overview about the existing data on drugs approved in Germany whose clinical effect has been proven in randomized studies or are have stood the test of time in daily clinical practice.
Topics: Calcium Channel Blockers; Humans; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle Hypertonia; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Receptors, Muscarinic; Treatment Outcome; Urinary Incontinence
PubMed: 12851770
DOI: 10.1007/s00120-003-0363-y -
Neurourology and Urodynamics Mar 2018We evaluated the association between lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and the expression of connexin (Cx) and transient receptor potential (TRP) channel on urothelial...
OBJECTIVES
We evaluated the association between lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and the expression of connexin (Cx) and transient receptor potential (TRP) channel on urothelial cells non-invasively collected from voided urine in humans.
METHODS
A total of 55 patients (36 males and 19 females, median age: 71 years old), who were followed up at University of Yamanashi Hospital, were enrolled in the present study. Urothelial cells were collected from voided urine of patients, and the mRNA expression of each subtype of Cxs and TRP channels was measured using quantitive real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. We then analyzed the correlation between the expression of Cxs and TRP channels and symptom scores in International Prostate Symptom Scoreand Overactive Bladder Symptom Score, in addition to Interstitial Cystitis Symptom Index (ICSI) from only interstitial cystitis (IC) patients.
RESULTS
Non-adjusted statistical procedure using Spearman's rank-correlation showed that there were significant correlations between the following expressions and symptom scores; (positive correlations) Cx26 versus urgency score, Cx40 versus nocturia, TRPM2 versus intermittency, TRPV1 versus urge incontinence, (negative correlation) Cx40 versus intermittency, TRPM7 versus pollakisuria. However, a multiple comparison adjustment using Bonferroni correction showed that only Cx40 had a trend of correlation with nocturia in ICSI.
CONCLUSIONS
The expressions of Cxs and TRP channels on urothelial cells in voided urine could be related to LUTS. Further analysis of urothelial cells in voided urine has the potential to reveal the mechanism of the LUTS and develop new markers with non-invasive methods.
Topics: Aged; Connexins; Epithelial Cells; Female; Humans; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms; Male; Middle Aged; Transient Receptor Potential Channels; Urinary Bladder, Overactive; Urination
PubMed: 29044760
DOI: 10.1002/nau.23436 -
International Journal of Molecular... Dec 2020, widely used in traditional Chinese medicine, exhibits pharmacological effects against erectile dysfunction and pollakisuria, which are pathological symptoms of benign...
, widely used in traditional Chinese medicine, exhibits pharmacological effects against erectile dysfunction and pollakisuria, which are pathological symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Although traditional usage and a study on BPH have been reported, to our knowledge, no study has investigated the exact molecular mechanism(s) underlying the anti-proliferative effects of standardized on prostatic cells. We standardized 30% ethanol extract (COFE) and demonstrated the therapeutic effects of COFE on human BPH epithelial cells and testosterone-induced BPH in rats. In vitro studies using BPH-1 cells demonstrated an upregulation of BPH-related and E2F Transcription Factor 1(E2F1)-dependent cell cycle markers, whereas treatment with COFE clearly inhibited the proliferation of BPH epithelial cells and reduced the overexpression of G1 and S checkpoint genes. Additionally, COFE administration alleviated the androgen-dependent prostatic enlargement in a testosterone-induced BPH animal model. COFE exerted these anti-BPH effects by the inhibition of anti-apoptotic markers, suppression of PCNA expression, and regulation of E2F1/pRB-dependent cell cycle markers in rats with BPH. These results suggest that COFE exerts anti-proliferative effect by regulating PCNA/E2F1-dependent cell cycle signaling pathway both in vivo and in vitro. These findings reveal the therapeutic potential of COFE, which could be used as a substitute for BPH treatment.
Topics: Androgens; Animals; Biomarkers; Cell Cycle; Cell Line; Cell Proliferation; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cornus; Disease Models, Animal; E2F1 Transcription Factor; Epithelial Cells; Humans; Male; Plant Extracts; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; Prostate; Prostatic Hyperplasia; Rats; Signal Transduction; Testosterone
PubMed: 33334082
DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249567 -
American Journal of Clinical Oncology 1990Intravesical instillation therapy with (2"R)-4'-O-tetrahydropyranyl adriamycin [pirarubicin (THP)], a new anthracycline agent, was performed to examine its direct effect... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial
Intravesical instillation therapy with (2"R)-4'-O-tetrahydropyranyl adriamycin [pirarubicin (THP)], a new anthracycline agent, was performed to examine its direct effect on superficial bladder cancer in a six-center cooperative Phase II study. There were 50 evaluable cases, for which a response rate of 50% was obtained. The main side effects that occurred were bladder irritation symptoms such as pollakisuria (50%) and pain on urination (38%). Intravesical pirarubicin instillation therapy was administered to eight cases that had not responded to doxorubicin therapy or that had experienced recurrence after such therapy. For six evaluable cases, the response rate was 50%, and the incidence of side effects was 88%.
Topics: Administration, Intravesical; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Doxorubicin; Drug Evaluation; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Staging; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
PubMed: 2291459
DOI: 10.1097/00000421-199012001-00003