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Functional & Integrative Genomics Apr 2023Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common gynecological disease that causes adverse effects in women in their reproductive phase. Nonetheless, the molecular... (Review)
Review
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common gynecological disease that causes adverse effects in women in their reproductive phase. Nonetheless, the molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Over the last decade, sequencing and omics approaches have advanced at an increased pace. Omics initiatives have come to the forefront of biomedical research by presenting the significance of biological functions and processes. Thus, multi-omics profiling has yielded important insights into understanding the biology of PCOS by identifying potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Multi-omics platforms provide high-throughput data to leverage the molecular mechanisms and pathways involving genetic alteration, epigenetic regulation, transcriptional regulation, protein interaction, and metabolic alterations in PCOS. The purpose of this review is to outline the prospects of multi-omics technologies in PCOS research by revealing novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Finally, we address the knowledge gaps and emerging treatment strategies for the management of PCOS. Future PCOS research in multi-omics at the single-cell level may enhance diagnostic and treatment options.
Topics: Humans; Female; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Epigenesis, Genetic; Multiomics; Gene Expression Regulation; Biomarkers
PubMed: 37079114
DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01053-9 -
Revista de La Facultad de Ciencias... 2013Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most common gynecological endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age, is characterized by hyperandrogenism, chronic anovulation... (Review)
Review
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most common gynecological endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age, is characterized by hyperandrogenism, chronic anovulation and /or polycystic ovaries. Although the cause of PCOS is still unknown, there are several hypotheses attempting to explain the primary defect; the most commonly accepted is insulin resistance. Due to its high prevalence, the patients have increased risk of developing metabolic and cardiovascular alterations. The compensatory hyperinsulinemia contributes to hyperandrogenism in different ways: by stimulating ovarian androgen synthesis and inhibiting hepatic production of sex hormone binding globulin. From the study of the intrauterine environment in recent years it has been suggested that PCOS may have an origin in utero associated with prenatal exposure to androgens. The aim of this paper is to review the main mechanisms proposed to cause the syndrome.
Topics: Female; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
PubMed: 23920100
DOI: No ID Found -
Seizure Sep 2003The prevalence of polycystic ovaries (PCO) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in the general population is approximately 20 and 10%, respectively, and published... (Review)
Review
The prevalence of polycystic ovaries (PCO) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in the general population is approximately 20 and 10%, respectively, and published studies suggest a similar prevalence in women with epilepsy. These data do not suggest that epilepsy is associated with a higher prevalence of the condition, and it would appear that the background prevalence of PCO and PCOS is the same as in the general population.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Prevalence; United Kingdom
PubMed: 12915086
DOI: 10.1016/s1059-1311(03)00066-9 -
Current Opinion in Obstetrics &... Jun 2000Polycystic ovary syndrome is one of the most common endocrinopathies among women. Nevertheless, there is no one single acceptable definition for this syndrome, its... (Review)
Review
Polycystic ovary syndrome is one of the most common endocrinopathies among women. Nevertheless, there is no one single acceptable definition for this syndrome, its pathophysiology is not completely understood and its etiology remains an enigma. Several studies have examined the genetic basis of polycystic ovary syndrome with varying results, probably caused by the different criteria used to define the syndrome. These studies, together with studies that deal with reclassification of polycystic ovary syndrome, are described in the following review. Furthermore, a simplified alternative approach to this symptom complex is proposed.
Topics: Female; Humans; Mutation; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
PubMed: 10873116
DOI: 10.1097/00001703-200006000-00002 -
Human Fertility (Cambridge, England) Feb 2002Polycystic ovary syndrome is one of the most common endocrinopathies worldwide and for many years it was one of the most difficult to elucidate. In the last 10 years,... (Review)
Review
Polycystic ovary syndrome is one of the most common endocrinopathies worldwide and for many years it was one of the most difficult to elucidate. In the last 10 years, understanding of this condition has increased greatly. It is now clear that polycystic ovary syndrome is not an ovarian disease, rather it is a disorder of intermediary metabolism characterized by insulin resistance. It has also become clear that insulin resistance has implications for general well-being and for the development of novel treatments.
Topics: Female; Humans; Metformin; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
PubMed: 11897912
DOI: 10.1080/1464727022000199881 -
Gynakologisch-geburtshilfliche Rundschau 2008
Topics: Female; Gynecologic Surgical Procedures; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnancy; Reproductive Techniques, Assisted
PubMed: 18209492
DOI: 10.1159/000111463 -
Fertility and Sterility Jun 2021
Topics: Female; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
PubMed: 33863552
DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.03.020 -
Internal Medicine Journal Aug 2014Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent, chronic and heterogeneous endocrine condition, with reproductive, metabolic and psychological features. Insulin... (Review)
Review
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent, chronic and heterogeneous endocrine condition, with reproductive, metabolic and psychological features. Insulin resistance and hyperandrogenaemia are the key pathophysiological hormonal abnormalities. Insulin resistance is a significant contributor to the reproductive and metabolic complications of PCOS, both independently and in the setting of excess bodyweight. While the diagnostic criteria are now internationally uniformly accepted, individual components of the criteria are ill-defined, making diagnosis challenging. This, along with low awareness of PCOS, has resulted in a significant proportion of women remaining undiagnosed. While reproductive features are best recognised in PCOS and form the basis of the diagnostic criteria, awareness of psychological and metabolic features, recommended screening protocols, and management strategies to prevent metabolic complications are important. In this review, we focus on diagnostic criteria, and reproductive, metabolic and psychological features of PCOS, as well as recommended screening and management strategies suggested by national and international evidence-based guidelines.
Topics: Clinical Competence; Female; Global Health; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Metabolic Syndrome; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Prevalence
PubMed: 24909750
DOI: 10.1111/imj.12495 -
The Journal of Family Planning and... Jul 2014Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the commonest endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age. Some 20% of women will have polycystic ovaries on an ultrasound... (Review)
Review
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the commonest endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age. Some 20% of women will have polycystic ovaries on an ultrasound scan and around 7% of women have the additional clinical or biochemical features of PCOS. As a complex multisystem disorder its background can be confusing to understand. They key feature, however, is an increased production of androgen by the ovaries. This review uses ovarian biology to describe a strategy to aid understanding and explanation of PCOS. This framework can be also be used to teach about PCOS and to inform different approaches to its management.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Androgens; Female; Guidelines as Topic; Health Education; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Severity of Illness Index; Ultrasonography, Doppler; United Kingdom; Women's Health; Young Adult
PubMed: 24591680
DOI: 10.1136/jfprhc-2012-100505 -
Journal of the American Academy of... Jul 2020
Topics: Adult; Alopecia; Early Diagnosis; Female; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Risk Factors
PubMed: 32444272
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.01.075