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Nutrients Aug 2018Recent evidence has suggested that polyphenol-rich foods intake may be associated with decreased risk of chronic diseases. The Special Issue "Effects of Polyphenol-Rich...
Recent evidence has suggested that polyphenol-rich foods intake may be associated with decreased risk of chronic diseases. The Special Issue "Effects of Polyphenol-Rich Foods on Human Health" comprised 64 peer-reviewed papers on the most recent evidence regarding the dietary intake of polyphenols and polyphenol-rich foods, as well as their effect toward the prevention and treatment of non-communicable diseases. Original contributions and literature reviews demonstrated the potential protective effects of polyphenol-rich foods and their extracts toward cardiovascular diseases, certain cancers, and neurodegenerative diseases, mostly through anti-oxidant and chemo-preventive properties.
Topics: Diet; Food Analysis; Humans; Polyphenols
PubMed: 30110959
DOI: 10.3390/nu10081089 -
Carbohydrate Polymers Oct 2016Chitosan, the only positively charged polysaccharide in the world, is very attractive for food, medicinal and pharmaceutical applications because of its promising... (Review)
Review
Chitosan, the only positively charged polysaccharide in the world, is very attractive for food, medicinal and pharmaceutical applications because of its promising properties, including non-toxicity, superb biodegradability, high biocompatibility, abundant availability and low cost. In order to overcome the poor water solubility and widen the applications of chitosan, various polyphenol-chitosan conjugates have been synthesized in recent years. The present review focuses on the chitosan-based conjugates formed using different polyphenols, including gallic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, salicylic acid, catechin, and EGGE, etc. Three major synthesis techniques, namely, activated ester-mediated modification, enzyme-mediated strategy, and free radical induced grafting approach are introduced in detail. In addition, the new physicochemical and biological properties of polyphenol-chitosan conjugates are introduced, including water solubility, thermo stability, in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activity, antimicrobial and anticancer activity. Furthermore, the novel applications of each conjugate are discussed in detail. Lastly, the challenges and prospective areas of study related to polyphenol-chitosan are summarized.
Topics: Animals; Chemistry Techniques, Synthetic; Chitosan; Gallic Acid; Humans; Polyphenols
PubMed: 27474608
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.05.109 -
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy =... Dec 2022Polyphenol compounds are natural antioxidants, which are rich in anti-inflammatory and antioxidant components. They have a wide range of medicinal benefits that are... (Review)
Review
Polyphenol compounds are natural antioxidants, which are rich in anti-inflammatory and antioxidant components. They have a wide range of medicinal benefits that are believed to improve human health across various aspects; especially its anticancer effect has been gradually confirmed. The anticancer effect of polyphenols is mainly based on their strong antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects. The innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the development and maintenance of cells and tissues of the immune system are regulated by the NF-κB family of transcription factors. Dysregulation of NF-κB can lead to autoimmune diseases, chronic inflammation, and even cancer. Polyphenol compounds can exert antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects by targeting NF-κB, thus hindering the occurrence and development of tumors.Polyphenol compounds have unique advantages over conventional anticancer therapies such as chemotherapy because they have few side effects and do not cause toxicity to healthy cells. Additionally, they can attenuate the toxic effects of current anticancer therapies. Based on these characteristics, polyphenols have great potential in the prevention and treatment of cancer. This article systematically summarizes the mechanism of NF-κB in tumor genesis, progression, metastasis, angiogenesis, and drug resistance. In addition, we present the anticancer effect of polyphenol compounds by targeting NF-κB during the different stages of tumorigenesis.
Topics: Humans; NF-kappa B; Polyphenols; Antioxidants; I-kappa B Proteins; Neoplasms
PubMed: 36411636
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113951 -
Seminars in Cancer Biology Oct 2017Polyphenols are secondary plant metabolites which have been studied extensively for their health-promoting properties, and which could also exert pharmacological... (Review)
Review
Polyphenols are secondary plant metabolites which have been studied extensively for their health-promoting properties, and which could also exert pharmacological activities ranging from anti-inflammatory effects, to cytotoxic activity against cancer cells. The main mechanism for programmed cell death is represented by apoptosis, and its dysregulation is involved in the etiopathology of cancer. As such, substances able to induce apoptosis in cancer cells could be used as new anticancer agents. The aim of this paper is to review literature data on the apoptotic effects of polyphenols and the molecular mechanisms through which they induce these effects in cancer cells. In addition, a brief summary of the new delivery forms used to increase the bioavailability, and clinical impact of polyphenols is provided. The studies reported show that many polyphenol rich plant extracts, originating from food and herbal medicine, as well as isolated polyphenols administered individually or in combination, can regulate cell apoptosis primarily through intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms of action in in vitro conditions. Due to these promising results, the use of polyphenols in the treatment of cancer should therefore be deeply investigated. In particular, because of the low number of clinical trials, further studies are required to evaluate the anticancer activity of polyphenols in in vivo conditions.
Topics: Apoptosis; Cell Proliferation; Humans; Neoplasms; Plant Extracts; Polyphenols
PubMed: 28830771
DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.08.005 -
Carbohydrate Polymers Aug 2022The metal-polyphenol networks have attracted appealing attention for diverse biomedical applications due to their remarkable characteristics. Though various of...
The metal-polyphenol networks have attracted appealing attention for diverse biomedical applications due to their remarkable characteristics. Though various of metal-polyphenolic materials have been prepared, the homogeneous metal-polyphenol based hydrogel fabrication remains a challenge (e.g., quick aggregation). Herein, a facile and low-cost polyphenol-mediating non-covalent driven assembly strategy was developed for fabricating homogeneous chitin-polyphenol-metal hydrogels. Polyphenols not only noncovalently crosslinked chitin chains, but simultaneously captured metal nanomaterials from metal substrates and immobilized in chitin-polyphenol networks. A range of metal (Fe, Cu, Ti, Zn) and polyphenol (tannic acid, gallic acid, quercetin, pyrogallic acid) could be incorporated into this hydrogel framework. As a demonstration, the chitin-tannic acid-Cu hydrogel showed excellent antibacterial properties and significantly enhanced infected wound repair via promoting the cell proliferation and angiogenesis, showing the potential in wound dressing. The low cost, versatility and flexibility assembly process can be used to fabricate diverse polymer-polyphenol-metal hydrogel, thereby enabling their use in various applications.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bandages; Chitin; Hydrogels; Polyphenols; Tannins
PubMed: 35550760
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119444 -
Critical Reviews in Food Science and... 2020When consumed at sufficiently high levels, polyphenols may provide health benefits, which is linked to their antidiabetic, antiinflamatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant,... (Review)
Review
When consumed at sufficiently high levels, polyphenols may provide health benefits, which is linked to their antidiabetic, antiinflamatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antitumor, and hypolipidemic properties. Moreover, certain polyphenol combinations exhibit synergistic effects when delivered together - the combined polyphenols have a higher biological activity than the sum of the individual ones. However, the commercial application of polyphenols as nutraceuticals is currently limited because of their poor solubility characteristics; instability when exposed to light, heat, and alkaline conditions; and, low and inconsistent oral bioavailability. Colloidal delivery systems are being developed to overcome these challenges. In this article, we review the design, fabrication, and utilization of food-grade biopolymer-based delivery systems for the encapsulation of one or more polyphenols. In particular, we focus on the creation of delivery systems constructed from edible proteins and polysaccharides. The optimization of biopolymer-based delivery systems may lead to the development of innovative polyphenol-enriched functional foods that can improve human health and wellbeing.
Topics: Biological Availability; Biopolymers; Dietary Supplements; Drug Delivery Systems; Drug Synergism; Functional Food; Humans; Polyphenols
PubMed: 31257900
DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1630358 -
Biomacromolecules Jan 2023Rationally designing microstructures of soft hydrogels for specific biological functionalization is a challenge in tissue engineering applications. A novel and...
Rationally designing microstructures of soft hydrogels for specific biological functionalization is a challenge in tissue engineering applications. A novel and affordable soft hydrogel scaffold is constructed here by incorporating polyphenol modules with lysozyme amyloid fibrils (Lys AFs) via non-covalent self-assembly. Embedded polyphenols not only trigger hydrogel formation but also determine gel behavior by regulating the polyphenol gallol density and complex ratio. The feasibility of using a polyphenol-Lys AF hydrogel as a biocompatible cell scaffold, which is conducive to cell proliferation and spreading, is also shown. Notably, introducing polyphenols imparts the corresponding hydrogels a superior cell bioadhesive efficiency without further biofunctional decoration and thus may be successfully employed in both healthy and cancer cell lines. Confocal laser scanning microscopy also reveals that the highly expressed integrin-mediated focal adhesions form due to stimulation of the polyphenol-AF composite hydrogel, direct cell adhesion, proliferation, and spreading. Overall, this work constitutes a significant step forward in creating highly adhesive tissue culture platforms for in vitro culture of different cell types and may greatly expand prospects for future biomaterial design and development.
Topics: Hydrogels; Adhesives; Polyphenols; Biocompatible Materials; Tissue Engineering; Amyloid; Amyloidogenic Proteins
PubMed: 36548941
DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01311 -
Journal of Agricultural and Food... Oct 2022Protein-polyphenol aggregate particles concurrently fortify a functional food product with healthy dietary proteins and concentrated polyphenols. However, what impact... (Review)
Review
Protein-polyphenol aggregate particles concurrently fortify a functional food product with healthy dietary proteins and concentrated polyphenols. However, what impact does ingestion of aggregate particles have on ultimate health relevance of either the polyphenolic molecules in the matrix or the protein molecules? Because human health benefits are contingent on bioavailability after ingestion, the fate of these molecules during transit in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) will dictate their utility as functional food ingredients. This brief review explores diverse applications of protein-polyphenol particles in the food industry and the bioaccessibility of both bioactive polyphenolic compounds and edible proteins. Evidence to date suggests that complexation of phytoactive polyphenolics effectively enhances their health-relevant impacts, specifically because the phytoactives are protected in the protein matrix during transit in the GIT, allowing intact, non-degraded molecules to reach the colon for catabolism at the gut microbiome level, a prerequisite to realize the health benefits of these active compounds.
Topics: Humans; Polyphenols; Fruit; Protein Aggregates; Dietary Proteins; Biological Availability; Food Ingredients
PubMed: 35394772
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00398 -
BMJ Open Jan 2023Polyphenol compounds are classified as organic compounds with phenolic units exhibiting a variety of biological functions. This meta-analysis aims to assess the efficacy... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVES
Polyphenol compounds are classified as organic compounds with phenolic units exhibiting a variety of biological functions. This meta-analysis aims to assess the efficacy and safety of polyphenol compounds (curcumin, cranberry, garlic, liquorice and broccoli) in eradicating .
DESIGN
Systematic review and meta-analysis.
METHODS
Literature searches were conducted on PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Medline, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure database, Chinese Scientific Journal Database and Wan Fang database from inception to January 2022. All randomised controlled trials comparing polyphenol compounds with the placebo or used as an adjunct treatment are included in this meta-analysis.The treatment effect for dichotomous outcomes was assessed using risk ratio (RR), while for continuous outcomes, mean differences both with 95% CIs, were used. Subgroup analyses were carried out for different treatment schemes and polyphenol compound species.
RESULTS
12 trials were included in the meta-analysis. The total eradication rate of in the polyphenol compounds group was higher than in the group without polyphenol compounds. Statistical significance was also observed (RR 1.19, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.38, p=0.02). The most frequent adverse effects of polyphenol compounds included diarrhoea, headache and vomiting. However, there were no differences regarding side effects between the two groups (RR 1.47, 95% CI 0.83 to 2.58, p=0.18). In subgroup analyses, the eradication rate regimens with polyphenols therapy was superior to that of regimens without polyphenols therapy in the polyphenols versus placebo subgroup (RR 4.23, 95% CI 1.38 to 12.95, p=0.01), polyphenols plus triple therapy versus triple therapy subgroup (RR 1.11, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.22, p=0.03).
CONCLUSION
Polyphenol compounds can improve eradication rates. Polyphenol compounds plus standard triple therapy can significantly improve the eradication. However, no evidence of a higher incidence of side effects could be found.
PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER
CRD42022307477.
Topics: Humans; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Polyphenols; Amoxicillin; Drug Therapy, Combination
PubMed: 36604137
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-062932 -
Nutrients Oct 2023Resveratrol is a stilbenoid from red grapes that possesses a strong antioxidant activity. Resveratrol has been shown to have anticancer activity, making it a promising... (Review)
Review
Resveratrol is a stilbenoid from red grapes that possesses a strong antioxidant activity. Resveratrol has been shown to have anticancer activity, making it a promising drug for the treatment and prevention of numerous cancers. Several in vitro and in vivo investigations have validated resveratrol's anticancer capabilities, demonstrating its ability to block all steps of carcinogenesis (such as initiation, promotion, and progression). Additionally, resveratrol has been found to have auxiliary pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, and neuroprotective activity. Despite its pharmacological properties, several obstacles, such as resveratrol's poor solubility and bioavailability, as well as its adverse effects, continue to be key obstacles to drug development. This review critically evaluates the clinical trials to date and aims to develop a framework to develop resveratrol into a clinically viable drug.
Topics: Resveratrol; Polyphenols; Vitis; Antioxidants; Drug Development; Stilbenes
PubMed: 37892561
DOI: 10.3390/nu15204486