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Sleep Medicine Reviews Dec 2023Polyphenols are plant compounds with several biological activities. This review aims to summarize current knowledge on the potential role of polyphenols in modulating... (Review)
Review
Polyphenols are plant compounds with several biological activities. This review aims to summarize current knowledge on the potential role of polyphenols in modulating sleep. A total of 28 preclinical studies, 12 intervention studies and four observational studies exploring the role of polyphenol intake on sleep were identified. From animal studies, 26 out of the 28 studies found beneficial effects of polyphenols on sleep architecture. Three out of four human observational studies found a beneficial association between polyphenol intake and sleep parameters. And, among clinical intervention studies, eight from a total of 12 studies found some beneficial effect of polyphenol intake on various sleep parameters, although some discrepancies between studies were found. Overall, emerging evidence suggests a benefit of polyphenol intake on sleep. Several mechanisms of action have been suggested, ranging from effects on neurotransmitters to an action through the gut-brain axis. However, more research in this field is needed, emphasizing the use of nutritional doses in mechanistic studies and interventions targeting participants with sleep problems. This would allow to elucidate whether an additional biological effect of polyphenols is modulation of sleep, a behavior associated with adverse health outcomes.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Polyphenols; Diet; Sleep
PubMed: 37659249
DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2023.101844 -
Journal of Agricultural and Food... Dec 2011Tea polyphenol is rich in green tea with diverse biological activities. However, its application in the food industry is limited due to its instability toward oxygen and...
Tea polyphenol is rich in green tea with diverse biological activities. However, its application in the food industry is limited due to its instability toward oxygen and light. In this study, the preparation of tea polyphenol liposome by the thin film ultrasonic dispersion method was performed in order to enhance the bioavailability of tea polyphenol. The process conditions were optimized using response surface analysis, and the optimal parameters were as follows: ratio of tea polyphenol to lecithin, 0.125:1; ratio of lecithin to cholesterol, 4:1; phosphate buffered saline (PBS) pH, 6.62; ultrasonic time, 3.5 min. The theoretical and practical entrapment efficiency were 60.36% and 60.09 ± 0.69%, respectively. Furthermore, physicochemical properties including size distribution, zeta potential, permeability, infrared spectrum and in vitro release of liposomal formulations were determined. The mean size of tea polyphenol liposome was 160.4 nm, and the ζ-potential value was -67.2. The tea polyphenol liposome was formed by physical interaction, and the in vitro release process followed a first-order equation. The results indicated that the prepared tea polyphenol liposome was stable and suitable for more widespread application.
Topics: Biological Availability; Chemical Phenomena; Drug Stability; Liposomes; Nanoparticles; Particle Size; Polyphenols; Spectrophotometry, Infrared; Tea
PubMed: 22087534
DOI: 10.1021/jf203194w -
Food Research International (Ottawa,... Jul 2022To elucidate why the inhibitory activity of one same polyphenol against α-amylase varies in different works. Seven starchy and three artificial substrates, and a...
To elucidate why the inhibitory activity of one same polyphenol against α-amylase varies in different works. Seven starchy and three artificial substrates, and a polyphenolic competitive inhibitor, tannic acid (TA) were applied to study the enzyme inhibition in different digestion systems. The results showed that the IC values of TA were similar for all starches at the same starch concentration, although there existed difference in starch physiochemical properties, like branching degree, amylose chain distribution, viscosity, and digestion rate. However, the IC values significantly decreased with the substrate concentration decreasing, regardless of substrate types. Notably, TA had a similar competitive inhibition constant (K) for all the starches, despite the difference in substrate concentration, indicating that the fixed constant unconditionally describes the inhibitor-enzyme binding property. In the TA/amylase/starch system, the physical adsorption of TA with starch was much weaker than the specific binding of TA with α-amylase that was driven by hydrogen bondings and π-stackings. Therefore, it was the substrate, i.e., α-1,4-glucosidic bond concentration, rather than the existing matrix of the bonds, that predominantly affected the inhibitory activity of a polyphenol, because of the competitive action between α-1,4-glucosidic bond and the polyphenol regarding binding with the enzyme.
Topics: Amylases; Glucosides; Kinetics; Polyphenols; Starch; alpha-Amylases
PubMed: 35761532
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111210 -
Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry Mar 2020Tea plants (Camellia sinensis) can hyperaccumulate and tolerate high leaf concentrations of aluminium (Al). The quality of tealeaves and the positive health effects of...
Tea plants (Camellia sinensis) can hyperaccumulate and tolerate high leaf concentrations of aluminium (Al). The quality of tealeaves and the positive health effects of their infusion depend on the leaf concentrations of both polyphenolic substances and mineral elements. This study explored the influence of Al supply on these leaf components under low and optimal phosphorus (P) availability. After 8 weeks exposure in hydroponics, multifactorial analysis revealed a negative influence of leaf Al on magnesium (Mg), P, boron (B), and manganese (Mn) leaf concentrations. Contrastingly, these essential mineral nutrients were positively related to leaf epigallocatechin. Galloylated catechins were positively related to leaf iron (Fe). After short-term exposure (24 and 96 h), RT-qPCR (Reverse Transcription-quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction) analysis revealed upregulation of galloylation-related genes by substrate acidification both in old and young leaves. Only the extremely high Al accumulation in old leaves activated genes involved in biosynthesis of galloylated catechins, while in young leaves the lower Al leaf concentrations activated genes involved in anthocyanin accumulation. In conclusion, low pH and enhanced Al availability to tea plants have a strong influence on the polyphenolic pattern of tealeaves and therefore may alter both the leaves' antioxidant properties and their ability to bind Al and Fe in non-toxic form.
Topics: Aluminum; Camellia sinensis; Gene Expression Profiling; Minerals; Plant Leaves; Plant Proteins; Polyphenols; Signal Transduction; Transcriptome
PubMed: 31862583
DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.110956 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Sep 2015The Melastomataceae family, the seventh largest flowering plants, has been studied in several fronts of natural product chemistry, including terpenoids, simple... (Review)
Review
The Melastomataceae family, the seventh largest flowering plants, has been studied in several fronts of natural product chemistry, including terpenoids, simple phenolics, flavonoids, quinones, lignans and their glycosides, as well as a vast range of tannins or polyphenols. This review concerns the phenolic and polyphenolic metabolites described in the literature for several genera of this family, the mode of isolation and purification, and the structure elucidation of these new natural products that has been achieved by extensive spectral analyses, including ESI-MS, ¹H-, (13)C-NMR spectra and two-dimensional experiments, COSY, TOCSY, J-resolved, NOESY, HMQC, DEPT, and HMBC, as well as chemical and enzymatic degradations and the chemotaxonomic meaning. Finally, a general biogenetic pathway map for ellagitannins is proposed on the bases of the most plausible free radical C-O oxidative coupling.
Topics: Flavonoids; Glycosides; Melastomataceae; Phenols; Polyphenols
PubMed: 26404220
DOI: 10.3390/molecules201017818 -
European Journal of Pharmaceutics and... Apr 2021The emergence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogens has become a global threat and a cause of significant morbidity and mortality around the world. Natural products... (Review)
Review
The emergence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogens has become a global threat and a cause of significant morbidity and mortality around the world. Natural products have been used as a promising approach to counter the infectious diseases associated with these pathogens. The application of natural products and their derivatives especially polyphenolic compounds as antibacterial agents is an active area of research, and prior studies have successfully treated a variety of bacterial infections using these polyphenolic compounds. However, delivery of polyphenolic compounds has been challenging due to their physicochemical properties and often poor aqueous solubility. In this regard, nanotechnology-based novel drug delivery systems offer many advantages, including improving bioavailability and the controlled release of polyphenolic compounds. This review summarizes the pharmacological mechanism and use of nano-formulations in developing controlled release delivery systems of naturally occurring polyphenols in infectious diseases.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Infections; Biological Availability; Biological Products; Delayed-Action Preparations; Drug Delivery Systems; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Humans; Nanoparticles; Nanotechnology; Polyphenols; Solubility
PubMed: 33588032
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.02.003 -
Analytical Methods : Advancing Methods... Dec 2023A quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (qNMR) method was established for determining the total phenol and six polyphenolic components in the polyphenol...
A quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (qNMR) method was established for determining the total phenol and six polyphenolic components in the polyphenol extract of . The qNMR approach utilized DMSO-d as the deuterated solvent and potassium hydrogen phthalate as the internal standard for quantifying the total phenolic content, expressed as epicatechin equivalence in the sample. Two complementary qNMR methods with DMSO-d or DO as solvent were established to simultaneously determine 6 polyphenol components in the cinnamon polyphenol extract, including epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), epicatechingallate (ECG), epicatechin (EC), epigallocatechin (EGC), gallocatechin gallate (GCG) and gallic acid (GA). Method validation demonstrated excellent precision with intraday relative standard deviation (RSD) below 1.08% and interday RSD below 1.48%. The linear correlation coefficient () exceeded 0.999, and the limits of detection (LOD) were from 0.01 to 0.14 mg mL, while the limits of quantification (LOQ) were from 0.07 to 0.69 mg mL. Recovery rates for this method fell within the range of 98.2% to 101.7%. Furthermore, the method has been successfully applied for determining the polyphenolic content in authentic cinnamon polyphenol extracts obtained from different sources.
Topics: Polyphenols; Catechin; Phenol; Dimethyl Sulfoxide; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Solvents
PubMed: 38009205
DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01501g -
Revista Medico-chirurgicala a... 2014Pinus sylvestris L. is a very important timber tree in Romania, the bark being the main waste from the wood processing.
UNLABELLED
Pinus sylvestris L. is a very important timber tree in Romania, the bark being the main waste from the wood processing.
AIM
The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition and antitumor effects against HeLa cells of a polyphenol-rich extract from Pinus sylvestris L. bark.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The polyphenolic content and profile were analyzed by means of spectrophotometry and RP-HPLC-UV/ESI-MS in the negative ion mode. The antitumor activity was investigated using two in vitro assays: MTT and flow cytometric apoptosis assays.
RESULTS
Pine bark extract contained a high total phenolic content (48.16 +/- 0.29%). RP-HPLC-UV/ESI-MS analysis allowed the identification of taxifolin, a taxifolin-hexoside and several procyanidins (two monomers, three dimers and three trimers). At 200 microg/mL, pine bark extract exhibited a high cytotoxicity against HeLa cells (82.10 +/- 1.95%). Flow cytometry revealed the ability of pine bark extract to induce apoptosis: 71.97 +/- 0.96% apoptotic cells were determined in HeLa cells after a 48 h incubation with pine bark extract (200 microg/mL).
CONCLUSIONS
The ability of pine bark extract to reduce viability and induce apoptosis in HeLa cells suggests the presence of compounds with antitumor properties and encourages further studies for their isolation and characterization.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Apoptosis; Chromatography, Reverse-Phase; HeLa Cells; Humans; Phytotherapy; Pinus sylvestris; Plant Bark; Plant Extracts; Polyphenols; Proanthocyanidins; Quercetin; Romania; Spectrophotometry
PubMed: 25076730
DOI: No ID Found -
Scientific Reports Feb 2020Instructions for Salvia miltiorrhiza polyphenol injections indicate abnormal liver function as an occasional adverse reaction, but the incidence of this adverse drug... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial Observational Study
Instructions for Salvia miltiorrhiza polyphenol injections indicate abnormal liver function as an occasional adverse reaction, but the incidence of this adverse drug reaction (ADR) has increased in recent years. We assessed S. miltiorrhiza polyphenol ADRs by performing a nested case-control study(NCCS) and meta-analysis. In the NCCS, 2633 patients receiving this treatment in the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College were enrolled. Logistic regression models found that in 58 (2.2%) patients experiencing abnormal liver function, the risk for liver dysfunction was associated with sulfa drug allergy (OR = 7.874, 95%CI (1.280, 48.447), P = 0.026), payment methods (OR = 0.106, 95%CI (0.012, 0.934), P = 0.043), duration of administration (OR = 0.922, 95%CI (0.862, 0.986), P = 0.017), cefathiamidine (OR = 0.441, 95%CI (0.216, 0.900), P = 0.025), human serum albumin (OR = 1.958, 95%CI (1.011, 3.789), P = 0.046), Dazhu Rhodiola injection (OR = 2.599, 95%CI (1.112, 6.070), P = 0.027), or reduced glutathione (OR = 0.394, 95%CI (0.188, 0.826), P = 0.014). Meta-analysis of reports on S. miltiorrhiza polyphenol ADRs in controlled trials and other observational studies included 676 patients, of which 17 (2.17%; 95%CI (0.0105, 0.0358)) presented with liver dysfunction; associated ADR risk factors included co-administration of other drugs. Our NCCS and meta-analysis had similar ADR incidence rates, which were higher than the rate in the drug instructions. This study provides guidance for assessing liver dysfunction risks associated with S. miltiorrhiza polyphenol injections.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Case-Control Studies; Drug Monitoring; Female; Humans; Liver; Male; Middle Aged; Polyphenols; Salvia miltiorrhiza
PubMed: 32103121
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60608-z -
International Journal of Molecular... Mar 2015Polyphenolics, which are ubiquitous in plants, currently are among the most studied phytochemicals because of their perceptible chemical properties and antioxidant... (Review)
Review
Polyphenolics, which are ubiquitous in plants, currently are among the most studied phytochemicals because of their perceptible chemical properties and antioxidant activity. Oak barrels and their alternatives, which are widely used in winemaking nowadays, contribute polyphenolics to wines and are thought to play crucial roles in the development of wines during aging. This study summarizes the detailed information of polyphenolics in oak woods and their products by examining their structures and discussing their chemical reactions during wine aging. This paper evaluates the most recent developments in polyphenolic chemistry by summarizing their extraction, separation, and their identification by the use of chromatographic and spectral techniques. In addition, this paper also introduces polyphenol bioactive ingredients in other plant foods.
Topics: Molecular Structure; Plant Extracts; Polyphenols; Quercus; Wine; Wood
PubMed: 25826529
DOI: 10.3390/ijms16046978