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JCI Insight Oct 2022
Topics: Animals; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Arthritis, Experimental
PubMed: 36278492
DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.165600 -
Biofouling Feb 2021biofilms are implicated in the pathology of peri-implantitis and periodontitis. In this study, D-arginine (R), D-methionine (M), D-histidine (H), and a mixture of these...
biofilms are implicated in the pathology of peri-implantitis and periodontitis. In this study, D-arginine (R), D-methionine (M), D-histidine (H), and a mixture of these D-amino acids (D-AAs) were investigated as an effective therapeutic strategy against biofilms. The bacterial growth activity and minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined for each D-AA, along with the effects of the D-AAs mixture on biofilm development, morphology, structure, extracellular polysaccharides (EPS), cytotoxicity towards commensals, and bacterial structure. The D-AA mixture delayed the proliferation of , changed its membrane structure, and decreased biofilm thickness and integrity, as compared with individual D-AAs. The EPS content increased with the concentration of D-AAs. The present study shows that a 4 mM RMH, triple D-AA mixture, enhanced deleterious effects on biofilms without any cytotoxicity compared with individual D-AAs, thus providing a new strategy for the treatment of peri-implantitis and periodontitis.
Topics: Arginine; Biofilms; Histidine; Methionine; Porphyromonas gingivalis
PubMed: 33682548
DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2021.1893309 -
International Journal of Molecular... Oct 2022Oral microbiome changes take place at the initiation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA); however, questions remain regarding the oral microbiome at pre-RA stages in...
Oral microbiome changes take place at the initiation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA); however, questions remain regarding the oral microbiome at pre-RA stages in individuals with clinically suspect arthralgia (CSA). Two cross-sectional cohorts were selected including 84 Tatarstan women (15 early-RA as compared to individuals with CSA ranging from CSA = 0 [ = 22], CSA = 1 [ = 19], CSA = 2 [ = 11], and CSA ≥ 3 [ = 17]) and 42 women with established RA (median: 5 years from diagnosis [IQ: 2-11]). Amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) obtained from oral samples (16S rRNA) were analyzed for alpha and beta diversity along with the abundance at the genus level. A decrease in oral sp. is observed in ACPA-positive individuals, and this predominates in early-RA patients as compared to non-RA individuals irrespective of their CSA score. In the RA-established cohort, sp. and sp. reductions were associated with elevated ACPA levels. In contrast, no associations were reported when considering individual, genetic and clinical RA-associated factors. Oral microbiome changes related to the genera implicated in post-translational citrullination ( sp. and sp.) characterized RA patients with elevated ACPA levels, which supports that the role of ACPA in controlling the oral microbiome needs further evaluation.
Topics: Humans; Female; Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibodies; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Porphyromonas; Cross-Sectional Studies; Aggregatibacter; Rheumatoid Factor; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Arthralgia; Autoantibodies
PubMed: 36293451
DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012599 -
Infection and Immunity Oct 2006Two distinctive types of fimbriae have been identified in Porphyromonas gingivalis. In this report, we demonstrate that minor fimbriae are involved in P. gingivalis...
Two distinctive types of fimbriae have been identified in Porphyromonas gingivalis. In this report, we demonstrate that minor fimbriae are involved in P. gingivalis autoaggregation and colonization. A mutant with a deficiency in minor fimbriae can bind to a saliva-coated surface but does not form microcolonies as the wild-type strain does.
Topics: Biofilms; Cell Communication; Fimbriae Proteins; Fimbriae, Bacterial; Mutation; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Saliva
PubMed: 16988281
DOI: 10.1128/IAI.00797-06 -
Archives of Oral Biology Jan 2014Psychological stress is considered as a risk factor for periodontal diseases. The stress-related hormone, cortisol is one of the main molecules released during human...
OBJECTIVE
Psychological stress is considered as a risk factor for periodontal diseases. The stress-related hormone, cortisol is one of the main molecules released during human stress response and is found in plasma and gingival crevicular fluid. This hormone has been suggested to modify composition of subgingival biofilms. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of exposure to cortisol on Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) growth.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
P. gingivalis ATCC strain 33277 was cultured under strict anaerobic conditions at 37°C in Brain Heart Infusion medium supplemented with hemin (5μgml(-1)) and menadione (1μgml(-1)). Bacterial cultures were incubated with or without hydrocortisone (0.04-10μgml(-1)) at 37°C for 12, 24 and 48h and bacterial growth was evaluated by spectrophotometric method (OD600nm). Cortisol consumption has been followed by HPLC.
RESULTS
Cortisol significantly increased P. gingivalis growth in the first 24h peaking at 12h but this increase was not related to the concentration used. During the time period, no consumption of cortisol was observed.
CONCLUSIONS
This study provides further support for the idea that stress-induced hormone; cortisol may influence the growth of P. gingivalis. This specific effect may be involved in the relationship between stress and periodontal diseases.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Cells, Cultured; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Periodontal Diseases; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Spectrophotometry; Stress, Psychological; Time Factors
PubMed: 24200466
DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2013.09.003 -
Current Protocols in Microbiology Jun 2007Porphyromonas gingivalis, an oral anaerobic bacterium, is an important etiological agent of periodontal disease and may contribute to cardiovascular disease, preterm...
Porphyromonas gingivalis, an oral anaerobic bacterium, is an important etiological agent of periodontal disease and may contribute to cardiovascular disease, preterm birth, and diabetes as well. Therefore, genetic studies are of crucial importance in investigating molecular mechanisms of P. gingivalis virulence. Although molecular genetic tools have been available for many bacterial species for some time, genetic manipulations of Porphyromonas species were not developed until more recently and remain limited. In this unit, current molecular genetic approaches for mutant construction in P. gingivalis using the suicide vector pPR-UF1 and the transposon Tn4351 are described, as are protocols for performing electroporation and conjugation. Furthermore, a technique to restore the wild-type phenotype of the mutant by complementation using vector pT-COW is provided. Finally, a description of a noninvasive reporter system allowing the study of gene expression and regulation in P. gingivalis completes this unit.
Topics: Conjugation, Genetic; DNA Transposable Elements; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Genetic Complementation Test; Genetic Techniques; Humans; Mutagenesis; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Transformation, Genetic
PubMed: 18770611
DOI: 10.1002/9780471729259.mc13c02s05 -
Journal of Veterinary Science Jul 2019species are closely associated with companion animal periodontitis which is one of the most common diseases in dogs and cats and leads to serious systemic diseases if...
species are closely associated with companion animal periodontitis which is one of the most common diseases in dogs and cats and leads to serious systemic diseases if left untreated. In this study, we evaluated the antimicrobial effects and mode of action of sodium tripolyphosphate (polyP3, Na₅P₃O10), a food additive with proven safety, using three pathogenic species. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of polyP3 against , , and were between 500 and 750 mg/L. PolyP3 significantly decreased viable planktonic cells as well as bacterial biofilm formation, even at sub-MIC concentrations. PolyP3 caused bacterial membrane disruption and this effect was most prominent in , which was demonstrated by measuring the amount of nucleotide leakage from the cells. To further investigate the mode of action of polyP3, high-throughput whole-transcriptome sequencing was performed using . Approximately 30% of the total genes of were differentially expressed by polyP3 (> 4-fold, adjusted value < 0.01). PolyP3 influenced the expression of the genes related to the biosynthesis of thiamine, ubiquinone, and peptidoglycan. Collectively, polyP3 has excellent antibacterial effects against pathogenic species and can be a promising agent to control oral pathogenic bacteria in companion animals.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cat Diseases; Cats; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Periodontitis; Polyphosphates; Porphyromonas; Species Specificity
PubMed: 31364318
DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2019.20.e33 -
Molecular Oral Microbiology Aug 2017The development of synergistically pathogenic communities of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Streptococcus gordonii is controlled by a tyrosine-phosphorylation-dependent...
The development of synergistically pathogenic communities of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Streptococcus gordonii is controlled by a tyrosine-phosphorylation-dependent signaling pathway in P. gingivalis. The Ptk1 bacterial tyrosine (BY) kinase of P. gingivalis is required for maximal community development and for the production of extracellular polysaccharide. We show that the consensus BY kinase Walker A and B domains, the RK cluster, and the YC domain of Ptk1 are necessary for autophosphorylation and for substrate phosphorylation. Mass spectrometry showed that six tyrosine residues in a 16-amino-acid C-terminal region were phosphorylated in recombinant (r) Ptk1. Complementation of a ptk1 mutant with the wild-type ptk1 allele in trans restored community development between P. gingivalis and S. gordonii, and extracellular polysaccharide production by P. gingivalis. In contrast, complementation of Δptk1 with ptk1 containing a mutation in the Walker A domain failed to restore community development or extracellular polysaccharide production. rPtk1 was capable of phosphorylating the tyrosine phosphatase Ltp1 and the transcriptional regulator CdhR, both of which are involved in the development of P. gingivalis communities with S. gordonii.
Topics: Bacterial Adhesion; Bacterial Proteins; Biofilms; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Microbial Interactions; Mutation; Phosphorylation; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Recombinant Proteins; Signal Transduction; Streptococcus gordonii; Structure-Activity Relationship
PubMed: 27498608
DOI: 10.1111/omi.12173 -
Postepy Higieny I Medycyny... 1997Periodontitis, an inflammation of periodontal tissues, exists in several clinical forms. The most common one is adult periodontitis with Porphyromonas gingivalis, a... (Review)
Review
Periodontitis, an inflammation of periodontal tissues, exists in several clinical forms. The most common one is adult periodontitis with Porphyromonas gingivalis, a Gram-negative anaerobic rod, being generally regarded as the major pathogen involved in this disease. This organism produces a large quantity of proteolytic enzymes, as virulence factors, which are considered to play a crucial role in its pathogenecity. These enzymes are involved in both destruction of periodontal tissues and interrupting host-defence mechanisms through the degradation of immunoglobulins and complement factors leading eventually to disease progression.
Topics: Adult; Bacterial Adhesion; Bacteroidaceae Infections; Disease Progression; Humans; Peptide Hydrolases; Periodontitis; Porphyromonas gingivalis
PubMed: 9235563
DOI: No ID Found -
The Journal of Biological Chemistry Feb 2017The transport of proteins at the cell surface of Bacteroidetes depends on a secretory apparatus known as type IX secretion system (T9SS). This machine is responsible for...
The transport of proteins at the cell surface of Bacteroidetes depends on a secretory apparatus known as type IX secretion system (T9SS). This machine is responsible for the cell surface exposition of various proteins, such as adhesins, required for gliding motility in , S-layer components in , and tooth tissue-degrading enzymes in the oral pathogen Although a number of subunits of the T9SS have been identified, we lack details on the architecture of this secretion apparatus. Here we provide evidence that five of the genes encoding the core complex of the T9SS are co-transcribed and that the gene products are distributed in the cell envelope. Protein-protein interaction studies then revealed that these proteins oligomerize and interact through a dense network of contacts.
Topics: Bacterial Proteins; Bacterial Secretion Systems; Bacteroidaceae Infections; Crystallography, X-Ray; Genes, Bacterial; Humans; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Protein Interaction Maps; Protein Subunits
PubMed: 28057754
DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M116.765081