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Infection Control and Hospital... Jun 2022
Topics: Anti-Infective Agents, Local; COVID-19; Delivery of Health Care; Humans; Povidone-Iodine; SARS-CoV-2; Virus Diseases
PubMed: 33706836
DOI: 10.1017/ice.2021.90 -
Lancet (London, England)
Topics: Administration, Topical; Herpes Zoster; Humans; Povidone-Iodine
PubMed: 15302192
DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)16806-2 -
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces Aug 2017As microbial contamination is becoming more and more serious, antibacterial agents play an important role in preventing and removing bacterial pathogens from microbial...
As microbial contamination is becoming more and more serious, antibacterial agents play an important role in preventing and removing bacterial pathogens from microbial pollution in our daily life. To solve the issues with water solubility and antibacterial stability of PVP-I (povidone-iodine) as a strong antibacterial agent, we successfully obtain hydrophobic povidone-iodine nanoparticles (povidone-iodine NPs) by a two-step method related to the advantage of nanotechnology. First, the synthesis of poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone-co-methyl methacrylate) nanoparticles, i.e., P(NVP-MMA) NPs, was controlled by tuning a feed ratio of NVP to MMA. Then, the products P(NVP-MMA) NPs were allowed to undergo a complexation reaction with iodine, resulting in the formation of a water-insoluble antibacterial material, povidone-iodine NPs. It is found that the feed ratio of NVP to MMA has an active effect on morphology, chemical composition, molecular weight, and hydrophilic-hydrophobic properties of the P(NVP-MMA) copolymer after some technologies, such as SEM, DLS, elemental analysis, H NMR, GPC, and the contact angle test, were used in the characterizations. The antibacterial property of povidone-iodine NPs was investigated by using Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) as model bacteria with the colony count method. Interestingly, three products, such as glue, ink, and dye, after the incorporation of povidone-iodine NPs, show significant antibacterial properties. It is believed that, with the advantage of nanoscale morphology, the final povidone-iodine NPs should have great potential for utilization in various fields where antifouling and antibacterial properties are highly required.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Escherichia coli; Povidone-Iodine; Staphylococcus aureus
PubMed: 28707872
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b05622 -
International Wound Journal Dec 2014Although complete healing may appear to be the logical goal for most patients and clinicians, some wounds do not have the potential to heal due to a number of factors... (Review)
Review
Although complete healing may appear to be the logical goal for most patients and clinicians, some wounds do not have the potential to heal due to a number of factors such as inadequate vasculature, coexisting medical conditions and medications that prohibit the healing process. Local management of wounds that are considered to have poor potential for healing remains elusive. The purpose of this article is to review the evidence that supports the use of topical antiseptic agents in non-healable wounds. Retrospective chart audit was conducted to evaluate the use of povidone iodine in the management of wounds that were deemed to have poor healing potential.
Topics: Administration, Topical; Aged; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Chronic Disease; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Povidone-Iodine; Retrospective Studies; Skin Ulcer; Wound Healing; Wounds and Injuries
PubMed: 23289876
DOI: 10.1111/iwj.12017 -
Postgraduate Medical Journal 1993Local infection and burn wound sepsis are one of the most severe problems in the treatment of thermally injured patients. Early surgical treatment and the use of topical... (Review)
Review
Local infection and burn wound sepsis are one of the most severe problems in the treatment of thermally injured patients. Early surgical treatment and the use of topical antiseptics led to a decrease in the infection rate and significantly improved the survival rate of burns patients within the last twenty-five years. Many antiseptics are used in the treatment of burns. Silver nitrate, silver sulphadiazine, sulfamylon and povidone-iodine (PVP-I) are the most common substances used worldwide in burn care facilities. Clinical studies demonstrate that treatment with PVP-I is the most effective against bacterial and fungal infection. Several methodological problems however arise from direct comparison between these antiseptics, and local and systemic adverse effects can make the right choice difficult. Some case reports documented possible side effects in the treatment of patients with PVP-I, leading to general concerns about this treatment. Absorption of iodine and possible changes in thyroid hormones are well known, but evaluation of the clinical consequences is controversial. Reports of severe metabolic acidosis and renal insufficiency with lethal results have condemned the use of PVP-I in the treatment of extensive burns. The case reports, however, dealt with patients suffering from general morbidity and sepsis and therefore these single reports may not be generally valid. Local treatment of burns may cause further problems. The beneficial effect of a decrease of bacterial counts in deeper tissue may be confounded by other effects delaying wound healing, as shown in some experimental studies. Controlled clinical investigations on burn patients however are still missing. The paper will discuss these topics in detail referring to the treatment of burns with PVP-I. It is based on a critical review of the literature and the author's own experience in burns therapy.
Topics: Acid-Base Imbalance; Adult; Aged; Antisepsis; Burns; Female; Humans; Male; Povidone-Iodine; Thyroid Gland; Wound Healing; Wound Infection
PubMed: 8290464
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Periodontology Nov 1999This review article addresses the effects of povidone-iodine (PVP-I) and its utility in the treatment of periodontal diseases. There are data to support the following... (Review)
Review
This review article addresses the effects of povidone-iodine (PVP-I) and its utility in the treatment of periodontal diseases. There are data to support the following statements: PVP-I is a potent antiseptic and, when used as a component in a rinse with H202, the rinse can decrease the level of gingivitis. With regards to patients with adult periodontitis, there is some evidence to indicate that PVP-I delivered via an ultrasonic device achieves better results in deep pockets than ultrasonic debridement when water is the irrigant. The benefits of PVP-I in the treatment of refractory periodontitis are unclear. Subgingival irrigation with PVP-I may reduce the incidence of bacteremia if it is employed as a pre-procedural intrasulcular irrigant; however, this technique is not recommended for high-risk patients. PVP-I is a safe antiseptic and does not appear to impede wound healing or induce resistant bacteria. It is an approved drug whose intraoral use is an unlabeled indication. In conclusion, the literature suggests that utilization of PVP-I is potentially beneficial in the management of some periodontal diseases. However, additional clinical trials are needed to verify this assessment, since it is based upon a limited number of studies.
Topics: Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Bacteremia; Bacteria; Drug Labeling; Gingivitis; Humans; Mouthwashes; Periodontitis; Povidone-Iodine; Therapeutic Irrigation
PubMed: 10588505
DOI: 10.1902/jop.1999.70.11.1397 -
Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Dec 1979Hydrogen triiodide adducts were prepared from N,N-dimethylacetamide, N-alkylpyrrolidone derivatives, and polyvinylpyrrolidone, and their structures were investigated by...
Hydrogen triiodide adducts were prepared from N,N-dimethylacetamide, N-alkylpyrrolidone derivatives, and polyvinylpyrrolidone, and their structures were investigated by IR spectra and X-ray structure analyses and compared with the structure of povidone-iodine USP. The results suggest that the iodine in povidone-iodine USP is complexed by the polymer such that a proton is fixed via a short hydrogen bond between two carbonyl groups of two pyrrolidone rings and that a triiodide anion is bound ionically to this cation.
Topics: Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Models, Chemical; Povidone; Povidone-Iodine
PubMed: 529040
DOI: 10.1002/jps.2600681211 -
International Journal of Clinical... Nov 2015To better inform medical practitioners on the role of antiseptics in oropharyngeal health and disease, this article focuses on povidone-iodine (PVP-I), an established... (Review)
Review
AIMS
To better inform medical practitioners on the role of antiseptics in oropharyngeal health and disease, this article focuses on povidone-iodine (PVP-I), an established and widely-available antiseptic agent.
METHODOLOGY
Review of the anti-infective profile, efficacy and safety of PVP-I in managing common upper respiratory tract infections such as the common cold, influenza and tonsillo-pharyngitis, as well as oral complications resulting from cancer treatment (oral mucositis), and dental conditions (periodontitis, caries).
RESULTS
Antiseptics with broad-spectrum anti-infective activity and low resistance potential offer an attractive option in both infection control and prevention. While there is some evidence of benefit of antiseptics in a variety of clinical settings that include dental and oral hygiene, dermatology, oncology, and pulmonology, there appears to be discordance between the evidence-base and practice. This is especially apparent in the management and prevention of oropharyngeal infections, for which the use of antiseptics varies considerably between clinical practices, and is in marked contrast to their dermal application, where they are extensively used as both a prophylaxis and a treatment of skin and wound infections, thus minimising the use of antibiotics.
CONCLUSION
The link between oral and oropharyngeal health status and susceptibility to infection has long been recognised. The high rates of antibiotic misuse and subsequent development of bacterial resistance (e.g. increasing vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)) in large parts of the world, especially across Asia Pacific, highlight the need for identifying alternative antimicrobials that would minimise the use of these medications. This, together with recent large-scale outbreaks of, for example, avian and swine influenza virus, further underline the importance of an increasing armamentarium for infection prevention and control.
Topics: Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Humans; Infection Control; Mouth Diseases; Mycoses; Povidone-Iodine; Respiratory Tract Infections; Virus Diseases
PubMed: 26249761
DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.12707 -
Journal of the American Medical... Feb 1957
Topics: Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Halogens; Hydrocarbons, Halogenated; Povidone-Iodine
PubMed: 13398318
DOI: No ID Found -
BMC Oral Health Feb 2022Healthcare professionals, especially dentists and dental hygienists, are at increased risk for contracting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)...
BACKGROUND
Healthcare professionals, especially dentists and dental hygienists, are at increased risk for contracting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) through air-borne particles and splatter. This study assessed the in vitro virucidal activity of 0.5% (w/v) povidone-iodine (PVP-I) oral rinse against SARS-CoV-2 to demonstrate its utility as a professional oral rinse.
METHODS
A 0.5% (w/v) PVP-I oral rinse formulation, placebo oral rinse, and positive (70% [v/v] ethanol and water) and negative (water) controls were assessed using the time-kill method. SARS-CoV-2 was propagated in Vero 76 host cells. Following neutralization validation, triplicate tests were performed for each test formulation and virucidal activity measured at 15, 30, and 60 s and 5 min.
RESULTS
The 0.5% (w/v) PVP-I oral rinse demonstrated effective in vitro virucidal activity against SARS-CoV-2 as early as 15 s after exposure; viral titer was reduced to < 0.67 log 50% cell culture infectious dose (CCID)/0.1 mL (log reduction of > 4.0) at 30 s, whereas the placebo oral rinse reduced the SARS-CoV-2 viral titer to 4.67 and 4.5 log CCID/0.1 mL at the 15- and 30-s time points, with a log reduction of 0.63 and 0.17, respectively. No toxicity or cytotoxic effects against Vero 76 host cells were observed with the 0.5% (w/v) PVP-I oral rinse; positive and negative controls performed as expected.
CONCLUSIONS
In vitro virucidal activity of 0.5% (w/v) PVP-I oral rinse against SARS-CoV-2 was demonstrated. Rapid inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 was observed with 0.5% (w/v) formulation with a contact duration of 15 s. Clinical investigations are needed to assess the effectiveness of PVP-I oral rinse against SARS-CoV-2 in dental practice.
Topics: COVID-19; Humans; Mouthwashes; Povidone-Iodine; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 35216566
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02082-9