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Angiology Feb 2019
Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Atherosclerosis; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Humans; Prediabetic State
PubMed: 30453746
DOI: 10.1177/0003319718812721 -
Current Opinion in Lipidology Dec 2008Both the metabolic syndrome and prediabetes are associated with increased coronary risk. Lipoprotein abnormalities are among the many factors that may contribute to... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Both the metabolic syndrome and prediabetes are associated with increased coronary risk. Lipoprotein abnormalities are among the many factors that may contribute to this. The present review focuses on these abnormalities and the evidence indicating that correcting them may reduce the risk.
RECENT FINDINGS
Many drugs, both old and in development, may be able to correct lipoprotein abnormalities. No clinical trials are specifically designed to examine the effects of lipid intervention on coronary risk in the metabolic syndrome. Data from subgroup analyses and extrapolation from studies in those with and without diabetes have led to recommendations about the benefits and the targets for lipoprotein treatment.
SUMMARY
The primary goal of lipoprotein treatment is to bring the LDL-C to target levels. Thereafter, if plasma triglycerides are high and HDL-C is low, these should be corrected.
Topics: Cardiovascular Diseases; Humans; Lipid Metabolism; Lipoproteins; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Prediabetic State; Risk Factors
PubMed: 18957881
DOI: 10.1097/MOL.0b013e3283189c2b -
Endocrine Mar 2015Prediabetes represents an elevation of plasma glucose above the normal range but below that of clinical diabetes. Prediabetes includes individuals with IFG, IGT, IFG... (Review)
Review
Prediabetes represents an elevation of plasma glucose above the normal range but below that of clinical diabetes. Prediabetes includes individuals with IFG, IGT, IFG with IGT and elevated HbA1c levels. Insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction are characteristic of this disorder. The diagnosis of prediabetesis is vital as both IFG and IGT are indeed well-known risk factors for type 2 diabetes with a greater risk in the presence of combined IFG and IGT. Furthermore, as will be illustrated in this review, prediabetes is associated with associated disorders typically only considered in with established diabetes. These include cardiovascular disease, periodontal disease, cognitive dysfunction, microvascular disease, blood pressure abnormalities, obstructive sleep apnea, low testosterone, metabolic syndrome, various biomarkers, fatty liver disease, and cancer. As the vast majority of individuals with prediabetes are unaware of their diagnosis, it is therefore vital that the associated conditions are identified, particularly in the presence of mild hyperglycemia, so they may benefit from early intervention.
Topics: Biomarkers; Comorbidity; Humans; Prediabetic State
PubMed: 25294012
DOI: 10.1007/s12020-014-0436-2 -
European Review For Medical and... Apr 2024Prediabetes accompanied by metabolic syndrome accelerates the process leading to diabetes and causes an increase in complications. The current study aimed to investigate...
OBJECTIVE
Prediabetes accompanied by metabolic syndrome accelerates the process leading to diabetes and causes an increase in complications. The current study aimed to investigate the clinical conditions accompanying prediabetes and the effect of the association of metabolic syndrome on clinical outcomes in prediabetics.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS
This cross-sectional study was conducted with 88 prediabetic individuals between November 2022 and January 2023. Prediabetes was diagnosed using the American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria, and metabolic syndrome was diagnosed using the International Diabetes Federation criteria. Clinical history, physical examination and laboratory tests of the participants were recorded.
RESULTS
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) was present in 69 of 88 prediabetic patients included in the study (78.4%). Hypertension (p=0.019), abdominal obesity (p<0.001), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) elevation (p=0.006), and dyslipidemia (p=0.020) were detected more frequently in prediabetic individuals accompanied by MetS. Median values of waist circumference (p=0.020), systolic blood pressure (p=0.021), triglyceride (p<0.001), LDL (p=0.003) and postprandial blood sugar (p=0.049) in prediabetics accompanied by MetS were statistically significant. It was higher than those without MetS. The median Vit-D level of prediabetics without MetS was higher than those with MetS (p=0.049). The median creatinine value of prediabetics without MetS was higher than that of prediabetics with MetS (p=0.049).
CONCLUSIONS
Hypertension, dyslipidemia, abdominal obesity, and metabolic obesity increased in the coexistence of prediabetes and MetS. At the same time, the coexistence of prediabetes and MetS was associated with higher systolic blood pressure, postprandial blood sugar, and LDL levels. Prediabetic individuals accompanied by MetS are at greater metabolic risk.
Topics: Humans; Metabolic Syndrome; Prediabetic State; Blood Glucose; Obesity, Abdominal; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diabetes Mellitus; Obesity; Hypertension; Dyslipidemias
PubMed: 38639515
DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202404_35904 -
Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome 2016To determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and prediabetes in a population of the city of Guayaquil, Ecuador, aged 55-65 years; to observe if there are...
AIMS
To determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and prediabetes in a population of the city of Guayaquil, Ecuador, aged 55-65 years; to observe if there are differences in prevalence between males and females, and to describe the frequency with which each component of the metabolic syndrome is found in this population.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
population-based cross-sectional study in Guayaquil. We recruited people of both genders, with ages ranging from 55 to 65 years. Through clinical history, physical examination and laboratory tests, we obtained necessary data to diagnose metabolic syndrome and/or prediabetes. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS(®) 22.
RESULTS
we obtained a sample of 213 patients, 64.5% were females and 35.5% were males. Mean age was 60.3 years (±3.1). A total 65.8% of patients had increased waist circumference, and 45% were diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. Hypertriglyceridemia was the most prevalent condition in males, while women more commonly had low HDL. Prediabetes was diagnosed in 45.9% of our patients, and 19.5% had both disorders. There was no significant difference on metabolic syndrome prevalence between genders, but prediabetes was significantly more common in women.
CONCLUSION
we found a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome and prediabetes in Guayaquil, higher than what was reported in other areas. Abdominal obesity is even more prevalent. Women have prediabetes more frequently than men. Our patients, given their age, are at higher risk of cardiovascular disease and cognitive decline by having metabolic syndrome and/or prediabetes.
Topics: Aged; Cholesterol, HDL; Cross-Sectional Studies; Ecuador; Female; Humans; Hypertriglyceridemia; Male; Metabolic Syndrome; Middle Aged; Obesity, Abdominal; Prediabetic State; Prevalence; Urban Population; Waist Circumference
PubMed: 27012160
DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2016.03.008 -
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology... Jul 2016
Review
Topics: Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Glycated Hemoglobin; History, 20th Century; Humans; Prediabetic State
PubMed: 27381957
DOI: 10.1210/jc.2016-1370 -
Home Healthcare Nurse May 2014
Topics: Home Health Nursing; Humans; Patient Education as Topic; Prediabetic State
PubMed: 24802603
DOI: 10.1097/NHH.0000000000000063 -
Hormones (Athens, Greece) Oct 2017Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age. PCOS is not only the leading cause of anovulatory infertility but is... (Review)
Review
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age. PCOS is not only the leading cause of anovulatory infertility but is also associated with an array of metabolic disorders, among which impaired glucose metabolism has been a topic of intense research. The aim of the present narrative review is to summarize the findings of the studies that have evaluated the prevalence and incidence of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in patients with PCOS, to analyze the factors underpinning the association between T2DM and PCOS and to discuss the current strategies for screening and management of impaired glucose metabolism in this population. Both prediabetes and T2DM are highly prevalent in patients with PCOS. Accordingly, regular screening is recommended in this population for the early identification of impaired glucose metabolism, particularly in overweight or obese patients and in those with a family history of T2DM. Prevention of T2DM in patients with prediabetes is primarily based on lifestyle changes, while metformin might be considered in selected cases. The treatment of T2DM is similar in patients with and without PCOS but appropriate contraceptive measures should be implemented in patients receiving treatments other than insulin, metformin or glyburide.
Topics: Comorbidity; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Prediabetic State
PubMed: 29518757
DOI: 10.14310/horm.2002.1757 -
Endocrine May 2017Diabetes mellitus and cancer are two growing health problems. They have in common many modifiable risk factors including sex, age, obesity, physical activity, diet,... (Review)
Review
Diabetes mellitus and cancer are two growing health problems. They have in common many modifiable risk factors including sex, age, obesity, physical activity, diet, alcohol, and smoking, and have a long latency before overtly manifesting. Patients with diabetes experience a roughly 20-25% higher cancer incidence compared to individuals without diabetes, and it depends on cancer site. Moreover, patients with diabetes who further develop cancer have increased early and late mortality in comparison with cancer patients without diabetes. Prediabetes and metabolic syndrome are also related to an increased risk of developing and die from cancer. Possible mechanisms linking diabetes and prediabetes with cancer include hyperglycemia (endogenous or exogenous), hyperinsulinemia, and alterations of insulin-like growth factor system, chronic subclinical inflammation, abnormalities in sex hormone metabolism, and adipokines. It becomes crucial to define the right orientation of the associations between diabetes and cancer in order to identify the modifiable pathogenic mechanisms. The common soil hypothesis claims that prediabetes and diabetes, as well as metabolic syndrome, may be considered a surrogate sign for dietary risk factors of cancer. The clepsydra of foods may help choose foods associated with healthy benefit while avoiding foods associated with harm, including cancer.
Topics: Comorbidity; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Humans; Incidence; Metabolic Syndrome; Neoplasms; Prediabetic State; Risk
PubMed: 28040833
DOI: 10.1007/s12020-016-1216-y -
Nature Reviews. Endocrinology Nov 2011Over the past three decades, the number of people with diabetes mellitus has more than doubled globally, making it one of the most important public health challenges to... (Review)
Review
Over the past three decades, the number of people with diabetes mellitus has more than doubled globally, making it one of the most important public health challenges to all nations. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and prediabetes are increasingly observed among children, adolescents and younger adults. The causes of the epidemic of T2DM are embedded in a very complex group of genetic and epigenetic systems interacting within an equally complex societal framework that determines behavior and environmental influences. This complexity is reflected in the diverse topics discussed in this Review. In the past few years considerable emphasis has been placed on the effect of the intrauterine environment in the epidemic of T2DM, particularly in the early onset of T2DM and obesity. Prevention of T2DM is a 'whole-of-life' task and requires an integrated approach operating from the origin of the disease. Future research is necessary to better understand the potential role of remaining factors, such as genetic predisposition and maternal environment, to help shape prevention programs. The potential effect on global diabetes surveillance of using HbA(1c) rather than glucose values in the diagnosis of T2DM is also discussed.
Topics: Animals; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Forecasting; Global Health; Humans; Prediabetic State; Risk Factors
PubMed: 22064493
DOI: 10.1038/nrendo.2011.183