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BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth Mar 2023Pregnancy outcome is an important health indicator of the quality of maternal health. Adverse pregnancy outcomes is a major public health problem, which can lead to poor...
BACKGROUND
Pregnancy outcome is an important health indicator of the quality of maternal health. Adverse pregnancy outcomes is a major public health problem, which can lead to poor maternal and neonatal outcomes. This study investigates the trends in pregnancy outcomes prevalent during 2015-2021 in Indian women.
METHODS
The study analysed the data presented in the fourth (2015-16) and fifth (2019-21) rounds of National Family Health Survey (NFHS). The absolute and relative changes in the birth outcomes of last pregnancy during the five years preceding the surveys were estimated using data collected from 195,470 women in NFHS-4 and from 255,549 women in NFHS-5.
RESULTS
Livebirth decreased by 1.3 points (90.2% vs. 88.9%), and nearly half of the Indian states/UTs (n = 17/36) had lower than the national average of livebirth (88.9%) reported during 2019-21. A higher proportion of pregnancy loss was noted, particularly miscarriages increased in both urban (6.4% vs. 8.5%) and rural areas (5.3% vs. 6.9%), and stillbirth increased by 28.6% (0.7% vs. 0.9%). The number of abortions decreased (3.4% vs. 2.9%) among Indian women. Nearly half of the abortions were due to unplanned pregnancies (47.6%) and more than one-fourth (26.9%) of abortions were performed by self. Abortions among adolescent women in Telangana was eleven times higher during 2019-21 as compared to 2015-16 (8.0% vs. 0.7%).
CONCLUSION
Our study presents evidence of a decrease in the livebirth and an increase in the frequency of miscarriage and stillbirth among Indian women during 2015-2021. This study emphasises that there is a need of regional-specific, comprehensive and quality maternal healthcare programs for improving livebirth among Indian women.
Topics: Infant, Newborn; Adolescent; Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Abortion, Spontaneous; Pregnancy Outcome; Stillbirth; Prevalence; Abortion, Induced
PubMed: 36890450
DOI: 10.1186/s12884-023-05470-3 -
Contraception, Fertilite, Sexualite... May 1998
Review
Topics: Abortion, Spontaneous; Congenital Abnormalities; Delivery, Obstetric; Female; Fertilization in Vitro; Humans; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Pregnancy, Ectopic; Pregnancy, Multiple
PubMed: 9648375
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology :... Dec 2024Selection of high-quality blastocysts is the most important factor determining the success of assisted reproductive technology. The objective of this study is to assess...
BACKGROUND
Selection of high-quality blastocysts is the most important factor determining the success of assisted reproductive technology. The objective of this study is to assess the values of blastocyst morphological quality and development speed for predicting euploidy and clinical pregnancy outcome.
METHODS
A total of 155 preimplantation genetic testing cycles including 959 blastocysts and 154 euploid blastocyst transfer cycles conducted between January 2018 and December 2019 were retrospectively analysed. The associations of blastocyst morphological quality and development speed (D) with chromosomal status, clinical pregnancy rate, early miscarriage rate, and ongoing pregnancy rate were evaluated by univariate and multivariate regression.
RESULTS
The euploidy rate of development speed D5 blastocysts was significantly greater than that of D6 blastocysts (61.4% vs. 38.1%, < 0.001), and the euploid rate of morphologically high-grade blastocysts was significantly greater than that of non-high-grade blastocysts. Development speed D5 (OR = 1.6, 95% CI 1.2-2.2, = 0.02) and high-grade morphology (OR = 2.1, 95% CI 1.5-2.9, = 0.01) were independent predictors of euploidy. The ongoing pregnancy rate of D5 blastocysts was significantly higher than that of D6 blastocysts (62.3% vs. 43.8%, = 0.04). Transfer of euploid blastocysts with high-grade morphology resulted in a greater ongoing pregnancy rate than transfer of non-high-grade euploid blastocysts (60.7% vs. 43.2%, = 0.049). Alternatively, D6 development speed was an independent risk factor for early pregnancy loss after euploid blastocyst transfer. Multivariate regression analysis adjusting for confounding factors identified maternal age, blastocyst development speed, and blastocyst morphological grade as independent predictors of euploidy but not of clinical pregnancy.
CONCLUSION
The recommended sequence of embryo transfer based on the present study is D5 high-grade > D6 high-grade > D5 non-high-grade > D6 non-high-grade.
Topics: Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Pregnancy Outcome; Single Embryo Transfer; Retrospective Studies; Blastocyst; Embryo, Mammalian; Abortion, Spontaneous
PubMed: 38619096
DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2024.2338235 -
BJOG : An International Journal of... Sep 2007To estimate the effects on pregnancy outcomes of the duration of the preceding interpregnancy interval (IPI) and type of pregnancy outcome that began the interval.
OBJECTIVE
To estimate the effects on pregnancy outcomes of the duration of the preceding interpregnancy interval (IPI) and type of pregnancy outcome that began the interval.
DESIGN
Observational population-based study.
SETTING
The Maternal Child Health-Family Planning (MCH-FP) area of Matlab, Bangladesh.
POPULATION
A total of 66,759 pregnancy outcomes that occurred between 1982 and 2002.
METHODS
Bivariate tabulations and multinomial logistic regression analysis.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Pregnancy outcomes (live birth, stillbirth, miscarriage [spontaneous fetal loss prior to 28 weeks], and induced abortion).
RESULTS
When socio-economic and demographic covariates are controlled, of the IPIs that began with a live birth, those < 6 months in duration were associated with a 7.5-fold increase in the odds of an induced abortion (95% CI 6.0-9.4), a 3.3-fold increase in the odds of a miscarriage (95% CI 2.8-3.9), and a 1.6-fold increase in the odds of a stillbirth (95% CI 1.2-2.1) compared with 27- to 50-month IPIs. IPIs of 6-14 months were associated with increased odds of induced abortion (2.0, 95% CI 1.5-2.6). IPIs > or = 75 months were associated with increased odds of all three types of non-live-birth (NLB) outcomes but were not as risky as very short intervals. IPIs that began with a NLB were generally more likely to end with the same type of NLB.
CONCLUSIONS
Women whose pregnancies are between 15 and 75 months after a preceding pregnancy outcome (regardless of its type) have a lower likelihood of fetal loss than those with shorter or longer IPIs. Those with a preceding NLB outcome deserve special attention in counselling and monitoring.
Topics: Abortion, Induced; Abortion, Spontaneous; Bangladesh; Birth Intervals; Female; Fetal Death; Humans; Live Birth; Odds Ratio; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Regression Analysis; Stillbirth
PubMed: 17617195
DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2007.01338.x -
Best Practice & Research. Clinical... Feb 2023In assisted reproductive technology (ART) research, live birth has been generally accepted as an important outcome, if not the most important one. However, it has been... (Review)
Review
In assisted reproductive technology (ART) research, live birth has been generally accepted as an important outcome, if not the most important one. However, it has been reported inconsistently in the literature and solely focusing on live birth can lead to misinterpretation of research findings. In this review, we provide an overview on the definitions of live birth, including various denominators and numerators use. We present a series of real clinical examples in ART research to demonstrate the impact of variations in live birth on research findings and the importance of other outcomes, including multiple pregnancy, pregnancy loss, time to pregnancy leading to live birth, other short and long term maternal and offspring health outcomes and cost effectiveness measures. We suggest that outcome choices in ART research should be tailored for the research questions. A holistic outcome assessment beyond live birth would provide a full picture to address research questions in ART in terms of effectiveness and safety, and thus facilitate evidence-based decision making.
Topics: Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Live Birth; Reproductive Techniques, Assisted; Pregnancy, Multiple; Abortion, Spontaneous; Outcome Assessment, Health Care; Pregnancy Outcome; Pregnancy Rate
PubMed: 36642691
DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2022.102306 -
Journal of Occupational and... Aug 1995Pronounced physical exertion may influence intraabdominal pressure and uterine blood flow, hormonal balance, and nutritional status, all of which are important...
Pronounced physical exertion may influence intraabdominal pressure and uterine blood flow, hormonal balance, and nutritional status, all of which are important determinants of embryonic and fetal development and survival. Most of the epidemiologic evidence of reproductive effects from occupational physical activity concerns gestational age/premature birth, birth weight/intrauterine growth retardation, and spontaneous abortion. Strenuous work, especially when involving long hours of standing and walking, seems to increase the risk of preterm delivery. The effect on intrauterine growth and spontaneous abortion risk is less clear. As a single factor, heavy lifting has in most circumstances not been associated with a significantly increased risk of these outcomes. In general, heavy work duties should be avoided, and enough rest periods assured, especially in late pregnancy.
Topics: Abortion, Spontaneous; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Occupational Exposure; Physical Exertion; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Pregnancy Outcome; Reproducibility of Results; Workload
PubMed: 8520957
DOI: 10.1097/00043764-199508000-00009 -
Fertility and Sterility Sep 2021
Topics: COVID-19; Female; Fertilization in Vitro; Humans; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Pregnancy, Multiple; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 34332751
DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.06.054 -
The American Journal of Psychiatry Dec 2007
Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Anticonvulsants; Bipolar Disorder; Female; Humans; Patient Dropouts; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Pregnancy Outcome; Pregnancy, Unplanned; Prospective Studies; Recurrence; Risk Factors
PubMed: 18056226
DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2007.07091408 -
Liver Transplantation : Official... Sep 2021
Topics: Female; Fertility; Humans; Liver Transplantation; Living Donors; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Tissue Donors
PubMed: 34118122
DOI: 10.1002/lt.26207 -
Scientific Reports Oct 2020Infertility is a challenging phenomenon in cattle that reduces the sustainability of beef production worldwide. Here, we tested the hypothesis that gene expression...
Infertility is a challenging phenomenon in cattle that reduces the sustainability of beef production worldwide. Here, we tested the hypothesis that gene expression profiles of protein-coding genes expressed in peripheral white blood cells (PWBCs), and circulating micro RNAs in plasma, are associated with female fertility, measured by pregnancy outcome. We drew blood samples from 17 heifers on the day of artificial insemination and analyzed transcript abundance for 10,496 genes in PWBCs and 290 circulating micro RNAs. The females were later classified as pregnant to artificial insemination, pregnant to natural breeding or not pregnant. We identified 1860 genes producing significant differential coexpression (eFDR < 0.002) based on pregnancy outcome. Additionally, 237 micro RNAs and 2274 genes in PWBCs presented differential coexpression based on pregnancy outcome. Furthermore, using a machine learning prediction algorithm we detected a subset of genes whose abundance could be used for blind categorization of pregnancy outcome. Our results provide strong evidence that transcript abundance in circulating white blood cells is associated with fertility in heifers.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Female; Gene Expression; Insemination, Artificial; Leukocytes; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Transcriptome
PubMed: 33033295
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73694-w