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Zentralblatt Fur Gynakologie 1979Ultrasonic B-scan examination (Vidoson) and the Gravimun semiquantitative HCG test were applied simultaneously to 107 women, between the 35th and 95th day form...
Ultrasonic B-scan examination (Vidoson) and the Gravimun semiquantitative HCG test were applied simultaneously to 107 women, between the 35th and 95th day form menstruation. Control checks were made after another ten and 20 days. The findings so far recorded are likely to support the conclusion that the sensitivity of ultrasonography is higher than that of semiquantitative detection of HCG from urine and, therefore, more applicable to diagnosis of early pregnancy or assessment of disorders in early pregnancy.
Topics: Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Pregnancy Tests; Pregnancy Tests, Immunologic; Pregnancy Trimester, First; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 484096
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Medical Primatology 1978The Nonhuman Primate Pregnancy Test may be useful for diagnosis of pregnancy in squirrel monkeys between 40 and 60 days in pregnancy. However, single determinations have... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
The Nonhuman Primate Pregnancy Test may be useful for diagnosis of pregnancy in squirrel monkeys between 40 and 60 days in pregnancy. However, single determinations have an inherent 10% risk of false negative responses caused by low chorionic gonadotropin levels; thus, initial negative test responses should be followed within one week by an independent confirmatory test. Preliminary results with this hemagglutination inhibition test compare favorably with bioassay and may be useful, in conjunction with conventional uterine palpation, for diagnosis of pregnancy in squirrel monkeys.
Topics: Animals; Biological Assay; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Female; Haplorhini; Hemagglutination Tests; Male; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Tests; Radioimmunoassay; Saimiri
PubMed: 96266
DOI: 10.1159/000459786 -
Anesthesia and Analgesia May 2024Respect for patient autonomy is a pillar of medical ethics, manifested predominantly through informed consent. Mandatory (routine) nonconsented preoperative urine... (Review)
Review
Respect for patient autonomy is a pillar of medical ethics, manifested predominantly through informed consent. Mandatory (routine) nonconsented preoperative urine pregnancy testing does not adequately respect patient autonomy, is potentially coercive, and has the potential to cause harm medically, psychologically, socially, and financially. Inaccuracies in pregnancy testing can result in false-positive and false-negative results, especially in early pregnancy. There is substantial scientific evidence that anesthesia is not harmful to the fetus, raising the question of whether pregnancy testing provides substantial benefit to the patient. Not performing a preanesthesia pregnancy test has not been associated with significant medicolegal consequences. We review the ethical implications of mandatory preanesthesia pregnancy testing in light of these facts.
Topics: Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Informed Consent; Pregnancy Tests
PubMed: 37801601
DOI: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000006669 -
BMC Women's Health Jul 2016This study was conducted to assess the efficacy and acceptability of using a multi-level pregnancy test (MLPT) combined with telephone follow-up for medical abortion in... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial
BACKGROUND
This study was conducted to assess the efficacy and acceptability of using a multi-level pregnancy test (MLPT) combined with telephone follow-up for medical abortion in Tunisia, where the majority of providers are midwives.
METHODS
Four hundred and four women with gestational age ≤ 70 days' LMP seeking medical abortion at six study sites were enrolled in this open-label trial. Participants administered a baseline MLPT at the clinic prior to mifepristone administration and were asked to take a second MLPT at home and to call in its results before returning the day of their scheduled follow-up visit 10-14 days later.
RESULTS
Almost all women with follow-up (97.1 %, n = 332/342) had successful abortions without the need for surgical intervention. The MLPT worked extremely well among women ≤63 days' LMP in ruling out ongoing pregnancy (negative predictive value (NPV) =100 % (n = 298/298)) and also detecting women with ongoing pregnancies (sensitivity = 100 %; 2/2) as needing follow-up due to non-declining hCG. Among women 64-70 days' LMP, the test also worked well in ruling out ongoing pregnancy (NPV = 96.9 % (n = 31/32) but not as well in terms of sensitivity (50 %), with only one of two ongoing pregnancies detected by MLPT as needing follow-up. Most women (95.1 %) found the MLPT to be very easy or easy to use and would consider using the MLPT again (97.4 %) if needed.
CONCLUSIONS
Self-administered pre and post MLPT are very easy for women to use and accurate in assessing medical abortion success up to 63 days' LMP. MLPT use for medical abortion follow-up has the potential to facilitate task sharing services and eliminate the burden of routine in-person follow-up visits for the large majority of women. Additional research is warranted to explore the accuracy of the MLPT in identifying ongoing pregnancy among women with gestational ages > 63 days.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
This study was registered on May 13, 2010, on clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01150279 .
Topics: Abortion, Induced; Adolescent; Adult; Aftercare; Female; Gestational Age; Health Education; Humans; Middle Aged; Mifepristone; Misoprostol; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Tests; Prospective Studies; Self Administration; Tunisia
PubMed: 27475998
DOI: 10.1186/s12905-016-0327-1 -
Journal of Clinical Pathology Oct 1984
Topics: False Positive Reactions; Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Tests, Immunologic; Pregnancy Trimester, First
PubMed: 6490957
DOI: 10.1136/jcp.37.10.1195-a -
Social Science & Medicine (1982) Jun 2013A growing array of biomedical goods and services has become central to the North American experience of navigating illness and pursuing good health. Yet despite the...
A growing array of biomedical goods and services has become central to the North American experience of navigating illness and pursuing good health. Yet despite the utility of consumption as an analytical framework within the social sciences, the selection, purchase, and use of biomedical goods and services has been understudied. By using the home pregnancy test as a case study, we suggest new approaches to thinking about the consumption of these goods and services. We chose the home pregnancy test because it is the best-known example of a mass-produced diagnostic tool used by consumers. We draw on two sources of data for this qualitative analysis: a set of stories submitted between 2003 and 2005 by women and men to an online exhibit mounted by the National Institutes of Health called "A Thin Blue Line: The History of the Pregnancy Test Kit," which we analysed between 2006 and 2007; and web sampling conducted in 2009 and 2010 of personal web and video logs of women and men who have posted stories and opinions about their experiences with contemporary home pregnancy testing products. We adapt the term "domestication" from Science and Technology Studies scholarship to describe the movement of diagnostic devices into homes for use by consumers. Specifically, we propose that the consumption of domesticated biomedical devices, goods, and services should be theorized as work performed by consumers, in two senses: as a form of tool use that allows non-experts to produce diagnostic knowledge about their own bodies and health; and as the ongoing biopolitical work that is expected of citizens to produce healthy bodies. Our paper draws attention to these understudied phenomena, while suggesting new approaches to theorizing the social and cultural elements of goods and services for health.
Topics: Female; Home Care Services; Humans; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Tests
PubMed: 23608088
DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.02.035 -
Lancet (London, England) Jun 1996
Topics: Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Tests; Preoperative Care; Sterilization, Tubal
PubMed: 8642984
DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(96)91523-8 -
International Journal of Gynaecology...Further evaluation of the nonrefrigerated capillary tube pregnancy test is presented. A 127-mm by 2-mm glass capillary tube containing lyophilized antibody to human...
Further evaluation of the nonrefrigerated capillary tube pregnancy test is presented. A 127-mm by 2-mm glass capillary tube containing lyophilized antibody to human chorionic gonadotropin and latex indicator particles is used. Urine is drawn into the tube by capillary action; then, the tube is tilted to allow the urine to dissolve the antibody and to suspend the latex particles. The test results are read after a one-hour incubation period. Test results were evaluated against histopathologic and clinical data. Special efforts were made to stress the false-positive rate of the test by tripling the number of negative cases and doubling the sample size. A 99.82% agreement, a 0.18% false-negative rate and a 0% false-positive rate were obtained. In 52 confirmed pregnancies, the more sensitive capillary test detected human chorionic gonadotropin, whereas the commercial tests did not. Human chorionic gonadotropin was also detected one week earlier than reported in the first series.
Topics: Antibodies; Chorionic Gonadotropin; False Positive Reactions; Female; Freeze Drying; Humans; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Tests
PubMed: 39842
DOI: 10.1002/j.1879-3479.1979.tb00118.x -
Health (London, England : 1997) Jan 2018Upon their availability for purchase in the 1970s, home pregnancy testing devices were hailed as a 'revolution' for women's reproductive rights. Some authors, however,...
Upon their availability for purchase in the 1970s, home pregnancy testing devices were hailed as a 'revolution' for women's reproductive rights. Some authors, however, have described these technologies as further enabling the medicalisation of pregnancy and as contributing to the devaluing of women's embodied knowledge. The home pregnancy test is one of many technological devices encountered by women experiencing pregnancy in the United Kingdom today. Existing literature has described how engagement with medical technologies during pregnancy might address uncertainties experienced at this time, providing women with reassurance and alleviating anxieties. Drawing on interviews with women living in Scotland, this article explores accounts of testing for a first pregnancy, and women's descriptions of the impacts of home pregnancy testing upon experiences of early gestation. Participants engaged with pregnancy tests in varying ways, with uses shaping and shaped by their experiences of early pregnancy more broadly. Particular technical characteristics of the home pregnancy test led many participants to question their interpretation of a positive result, as well as the accuracy of the test itself. Rather than addressing the unknowns of early gestation by confirming a suspected pregnancy, a positive result could thus exacerbate uncertainty. Through participants' accounts, this article shows how uncertainty is lived out by users of mundane techno-medical artefacts and sheds new light on women's experiences of the first trimester of pregnancy.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Interviews as Topic; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Tests; Qualitative Research; Uncertainty; United Kingdom; Women's Health
PubMed: 29090634
DOI: 10.1177/1363459317739439 -
American Journal of Obstetrics and... Dec 1975A pregnancy test should be done routinely on all women of childbearing age upon their admission to any hospital. Some women do not suspect that they are pregnant and...
A pregnancy test should be done routinely on all women of childbearing age upon their admission to any hospital. Some women do not suspect that they are pregnant and some conceal the fact; therefore many pregnancies are interrupted or aborted by procedures contraindicated in pregnancy. A questionnaire was sent to all hospitals of 200 beds or more in the United States and the replies were tabulated. Many do not routinely test for pregnancy.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Clinical Laboratory Techniques; Female; Hospitalization; Humans; Middle Aged; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Tests; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 1200061
DOI: 10.1016/0002-9378(75)90488-3