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Nature Reviews. Cardiology Jul 2015
Topics: Disease Management; Humans; Prehypertension
PubMed: 25985868
DOI: 10.1038/nrcardio.2015.17-c1 -
Journal of Public Health (Oxford,... Jun 2023Different combinations of lifestyle interventions have been studied with varying results on hypertension control. Hence, this review was done to compare multiple... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Different combinations of lifestyle interventions have been studied with varying results on hypertension control. Hence, this review was done to compare multiple combined lifestyle intervention in reducing blood pressure (BP) among patients with prehypertension or hypertension.
METHODS
We conducted systematic search in the following databases: MEDLINE, PubMed Central, CENTRAL, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar from 1964 until November 2020. Estimates of comparative intervention effect from network meta-analyses (random-effects model) were represented as mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence interval.
RESULTS
In total, 14 studies with 2451 participants were included. Almost all the studies had high risk of bias. Healthy diet (HD) and physical activity (PA) combination showed highest mean reduction in systolic BP (-9.88 mmHg) and diastolic BP (-6.28 mmHg) followed by HD + PA + smoking cessation + alcohol restriction combination (systolic BP = -6.58 mmHg, diastolic BP = -4.09 mmHg) compared with usual care. HD and PA combination had the highest probability of being the best intervention (82.8% for SBP and 81.7% for DBP).
CONCLUSION
We found that HD and PA are the most important combination of lifestyle modifications for prehypertensive and hypertensive patients. Hence, a coordinated approach is required from the clinicians by integrating beneficial effect of these modifications through education, counselling and support.
Topics: Humans; Blood Pressure; Prehypertension; Network Meta-Analysis; Hypertension; Life Style
PubMed: 35211753
DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdac027 -
American Journal of Kidney Diseases :... Jan 2014Studies of the association of prehypertension with the incidence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) after adjusting for other cardiovascular risk factors have shown... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Studies of the association of prehypertension with the incidence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) after adjusting for other cardiovascular risk factors have shown controversial results.
STUDY DESIGN
Systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.
SETTING & POPULATION
Adults with prehypertension.
SELECTION CRITERIA FOR STUDIES
Studies evaluating the association of prehypertension with the incidence of ESRD identified by searches in PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases and conference proceedings, without language restriction.
PREDICTOR
Prehypertension.
OUTCOMES
The relative risks (RRs) of ESRD were calculated and reported with 95% CIs. Subgroup analyses were conducted according to blood pressure (BP), age, sex, ethnicity, and study characteristics.
RESULTS
Data from 1,003,793 participants were derived from 6 prospective cohort studies. Compared with optimal BP, prehypertension significantly increased the risk of ESRD (RR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.39-1.91). In subgroup analyses, prehypertension significantly predicted higher ESRD risk across age, sex, ethnicity, and study characteristics. Even low-range (BP, 120-129/80-84 mm Hg) prehypertension increased the risk of ESRD compared with optimal BP (RR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.19-1.74), and the risk increased further with high-range (BP, 130-139/85-89 mm Hg) prehypertension (RR, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.70-2.40). The RR was significantly higher in the high-range compared with the low-range prehypertensive population (P = 0.01).
LIMITATIONS
No access to individual patient-level data.
CONCLUSIONS
Prehypertension is associated with incident ESRD. The increased risk is driven largely by high-range prehypertension.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Blood Pressure; Blood Pressure Determination; Cohort Studies; Female; Humans; Incidence; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Middle Aged; Outcome Assessment, Health Care; Prehypertension; Risk; Risk Assessment
PubMed: 24074825
DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2013.07.024 -
High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular... Sep 2016Diet plays a crucial role in maintaining healthy blood pressure. Functional foods are increasingly popular among health-conscious consumers to reduce cardiovascular risk... (Review)
Review
Diet plays a crucial role in maintaining healthy blood pressure. Functional foods are increasingly popular among health-conscious consumers to reduce cardiovascular risk factors and improve vascular health. In particular, dietary polyphenols represent an extraordinary inventory of structurally different compounds that may represent promising candidate chemical entities to prevent or delay the onset of hypertension. In recent years, it has been recognized that prehypertension may be a predictor of clinical hypertension and consequently of cardiovascular risk. Moreover, prehypertension status is associated with increased levels of several inflammatory markers and it is also characterized by structural changes, including endothelial dysfunction and arteriolar hypertrophy. Despite the low bioavailability of polyphenols and the lack of clinical data from nutritional intervention studies, the antihypertensive role of polyphenols to control blood pressure and reduce inflammation and endothelial dysfunction has been subject of recent debate. The purpose of this article is to discuss the potential benefits of dietary polyphenols as a promising and effective nutritional strategy for the management of prehypertension.
Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Diet; Disease Progression; Humans; Nutritional Status; Phytochemicals; Polyphenols; Prehypertension; Risk Factors; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 27115149
DOI: 10.1007/s40292-016-0149-0 -
Future Cardiology Jan 2012The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC-7) defines hypertension as systolic... (Review)
Review
The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC-7) defines hypertension as systolic blood pressure (BP) ≥140 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg. The JNC-7 defines 'prehypertension' to include systolic BP values between 120 and 139 mmHg and diastolic BP values between 80 and 89 mmHg. Individuals with blood pressure in the prehypertension range are clearly at increased risk of developing hypertension in the future and have an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, compared with those with normal BP. However, there is paucity of evidence to intervene in these patients. In this article we discuss an evidence-based approach to therapeutic options in patients with prehypertension.
Topics: Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Diastole; Diet; Disease Progression; Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Hypertension; Nutritional Status; Prehypertension; Primary Prevention; Risk Factors; Systole; United States
PubMed: 22185450
DOI: 10.2217/fca.11.83 -
The Journal of Pediatrics Jan 2012
Topics: Female; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Prehypertension
PubMed: 21982301
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2011.08.050 -
Clinical and Experimental Hypertension... 2017A large amount of research is available on the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and hypertension. However, the relationship between SES and...
BACKGROUND
A large amount of research is available on the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and hypertension. However, the relationship between SES and prehypertension remains complex and unclear. Prehypertension is defined as a systolic blood pressure (SBP) between 120 and 139 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) 80 and 89 mmHg. This paper focuses on the impact of SES on the prevalence of prehypertension and provides suggestions for the prevention and control measures of prehypertension and health resource allocation.
METHOD
Using multistage random sampling, 11,773 subjects were selected. Subjects aged above 15 years old and subjects who had been living in the eight selected districts for more than 6 months were analyzed using a multivariable logistical model.
RESULTS
The prevalence of prehypertension at the present time reaches 55.17%, with it being higher among men than that among women (63.15% vs. 47.19%, p < 0.05). After adjustment for other factors such as age and gender, a logistic regression showed that a higher education level and a history of marital status were significantly associated with prehypertension.
CONCLUSIONS
People of different SES indicate different working and living conditions. They also face different risk factors for prehypertension. Lower education and a history of marital status were associated with a higher risk of prehypertension among residents in Chongqing, China.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Blood Pressure; China; Cross-Sectional Studies; Educational Status; Female; Humans; Male; Marital Status; Middle Aged; Prehypertension; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Sex Factors; Social Class; Young Adult
PubMed: 28692313
DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2017.1334794 -
Hypertension in Pregnancy May 2020: To examined whether prehypertension prior to pregnancy increased the risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and postpartum metabolic syndrome.:1060...
: To examined whether prehypertension prior to pregnancy increased the risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and postpartum metabolic syndrome.:1060 singleton pregnancy women with physical examination data before pregnancy were enrolled through the Kailuan study. Women with pre-pregnancy hypertension, metabolic syndrome, or no postpartum follow-up data were excluded. Pre-pregnancy prehypertension was defined as elevated blood pressure (130-139/85-89 mmHg) at the last physical examination before pregnancy. Multivariable Logistic and Cox Regression were used to examine the association between pre-pregnancy prehypertension and outcomes. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to analyze the cumulative incidence of postpartum metabolic syndrome.: Among the 801 women enrolled at baseline, 173 (21.6%) had prehypertension. Overall, 61 women (7.6%) developed HDP. Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that the incidence of postpartum metabolic syndrome was significantly higher in prehypertensive women. After adjusting for confounders, women with pre-pregnancy prehypertension were 2.09 (95% CI 1.19-3.70) and 1.91 (95% CI 1.23-2.97) times as likely to develop HDP and postpartum metabolic syndrome, compared to normotensive women.: Women with pre-pregnancy prehypertension may benefit from the more intensive monitor for HDP and postpartum metabolic syndrome.
Topics: Adult; Blood Pressure; China; Female; Humans; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced; Incidence; Metabolic Syndrome; Postpartum Period; Pregnancy; Prehypertension; Risk Factors
PubMed: 32267178
DOI: 10.1080/10641955.2020.1748645 -
Journal of Cardiovascular Translational... Jun 2012The pathophysiological abnormalities associated with increased arterial stiffness and/or abnormal pressure wave reflection may play crucial roles in increasing the risk... (Review)
Review
The pathophysiological abnormalities associated with increased arterial stiffness and/or abnormal pressure wave reflection may play crucial roles in increasing the risk of development of cardiovascular events. On the other hand, prehypertension, defined as a systolic blood pressure of 120-139 and/or a diastolic blood pressure of 80-89 mmHg, is a "danger zone" for the later development of hypertension and is also associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases and cardiovascular mortality. We discuss the association among arterial stiffness/pressure wave reflection, prehypertension, and the later development of hypertension. Several prospective studies have demonstrated that increased arterial stiffness/abnormal pressure wave reflection are risk factors for the later development of hypertension in subjects with prehypertension. On the contrary, persistence of prehypertention accelerates the age-related increase of the arterial stiffness. Thus, arterial stiffness and prehypertension may be elements of a vicious cycle, and other cardiovascular risk factors, such as aging and abnormal glucose metabolism, may aggravate this cycle. In the future, development of a simple technique to assess large/small arterial stiffness and an effective strategy to reduce arterial stiffness in subjects with prehypertension is warranted.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Animals; Arteries; Blood Pressure; Compliance; Disease Progression; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Prehypertension; Pulsatile Flow; Risk Factors
PubMed: 22223090
DOI: 10.1007/s12265-011-9345-4 -
Circulation Sep 2017
Observational Study
Topics: Adult; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Cause of Death; Disease Progression; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Massachusetts; Middle Aged; Prehypertension; Prognosis; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Time Factors
PubMed: 28947482
DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.029317