-
The Western Journal of Medicine Jun 1992
Topics: Female; Humans; Premenstrual Syndrome
PubMed: 1615662
DOI: No ID Found -
Primary Care Sep 1988PMS remains a controversial disease. A significant portion of the population experiences some premenstrual symptoms, with a small portion experiencing severe symptoms;... (Review)
Review
PMS remains a controversial disease. A significant portion of the population experiences some premenstrual symptoms, with a small portion experiencing severe symptoms; however, it is not yet clear who should be labeled as having PMS. Further research is needed to better define PMS. The true etiology of PMS remains unknown; however, the most common theories revolve around prostaglandins, endorphins, or progesterone deficiency. Current treatment of PMS includes education and counseling, dietary changes, regular exercise, and possibly vitamin supplementation, diuretics, prostaglandin inhibitors, or progesterone. More well controlled, prospective placebo-controlled studies are needed to help elucidate the etiology and test the effectiveness of these treatments. With the uncertainties surrounding PMS in the 1980s, the potential for quackery is tremendous. In spite of our limitations in knowledge, there is much that can be done for patients with PMS. To serve our patients better, physicians must become better informed about PMS and spend time discussing it with their patients. By educating patients regarding the current state of knowledge of PMS and discussing rational treatment approaches, physicians may avoid driving their patients away to seek treatment with unproven and potentially harmful fad treatments.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Premenstrual Syndrome
PubMed: 3054959
DOI: No ID Found -
Best Practice & Research. Clinical... Apr 2007Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a group of psychological and physical symptoms which regularly occur during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and resolve by the end... (Review)
Review
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a group of psychological and physical symptoms which regularly occur during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and resolve by the end of menstruation. The severe and predominantly psychological form of PMS is called premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). The exact aetiology of PMS is not known. PMS results from ovulation and appears to be caused by the progesterone produced following ovulation in women who have enhanced sensitivity to this progesterone. The increased sensitivity may be due to neurotransmitter (mainly serotonin) dysfunction. The key diagnostic feature is that the symptoms must be absent in the time between the end of menstruation and ovulation. Prospective symptom rating charts are used for this purpose. Treatment is achieved by suppression of ovulation or reducing progesterone sensitivity with selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors. In this chapter, the authors describe the aetiology, symptoms, diagnosis and evidence-based management of premenstrual syndrome.
Topics: Female; Humans; Medical Records; Premenstrual Syndrome
PubMed: 17175199
DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2006.10.002 -
Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology Sep 2004
Review
Topics: Female; Humans; Premenstrual Syndrome
PubMed: 15326419
DOI: 10.1097/01.grf.0000135298.39050.b3 -
Gynecological Endocrinology : the... Jan 2013A majority of women in their reproductive years experience a variety of symptoms premenstrually that can alter behavior and well-being and affect family, friends, and... (Review)
Review
A majority of women in their reproductive years experience a variety of symptoms premenstrually that can alter behavior and well-being and affect family, friends, and working relationships. Notwithstanding its prevalence, however, research has not yet clarified this inscrutable condition, commonly known as premenstrual syndrome (PMS) or more severe PMS, premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). This comprehensive review discusses the diagnosis, epidemiology, symptoms, etiology, and the complex web of biopsychosocial factors that attends PMS.
Topics: Female; Humans; Mood Disorders; Premenstrual Syndrome; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Social Behavior
PubMed: 22809066
DOI: 10.3109/09513590.2012.705383 -
International Journal of... Nov 2022Premenstrual syndrome is associated with altered spontaneous brain activity in the late luteal phase, but the fluctuation patterns of brain activity throughout the...
Premenstrual syndrome is associated with altered spontaneous brain activity in the late luteal phase, but the fluctuation patterns of brain activity throughout the menstrual cycle have not been revealed. Furthermore, it is also unknown whether the altered spontaneous brain activity during the whole menstrual cycle is further associated with their habitual use of maladaptive emotion regulation strategies. Based on the two reasons, electroencephalogram data and cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire from 32 women with high premenstrual symptoms (HPMS) and 33 women with low premenstrual symptoms (LPMS) were measured in the late luteal and follicular phases. Delta power, theta power, beta power, and the slow/fast wave ratios (SW/FW, including theta/beta power ratio [TBR] and delta/beta power ratio [DBR]) were calculated using both fixed frequency bands and individually adjusted frequency bands (based on the individual alpha peak frequency). The results showed that for the frontal and central DBR, as assessed both with fixed and individualized frequency bands, there was no difference between the two phases of the LPMS group, whereas there was a difference between the two phases of the HPMS group with a higher DBR in the late luteal phase than in the follicular phase. Further correlation results revealed that for women with HPMS in the late luteal phase, the frontal and central DBR values, as assessed both with fixed and individualized frequency bands, were positively correlated with self-blame and rumination. Consequently, HPMS was characterized by a fluctuation across the menstrual cycle in the DBR, which was further associated with maladaptive emotion regulation.
Topics: Electroencephalography; Female; Follicular Phase; Humans; Luteal Phase; Menstrual Cycle; Premenstrual Syndrome
PubMed: 36029920
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2022.08.007 -
British Journal of Hospital Medicine Oct 1990The recognition of the relationship between premenstrual syndrome and cyclical ovarian activity has enabled the rationalization of treatment. Placebo-controlled studies... (Review)
Review
The recognition of the relationship between premenstrual syndrome and cyclical ovarian activity has enabled the rationalization of treatment. Placebo-controlled studies have established the efficacy of treatments that alter ovarian function, therefore it should no longer be necessary to rely on the placebo effect of unproven treatments such as progesterone.
Topics: Contraceptives, Oral; Danazol; Estrogens; Female; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; Humans; Premenstrual Syndrome
PubMed: 2249107
DOI: No ID Found -
The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and... Aug 1991The premenstrual syndrome has been described briefly and the literature relating to its pathophysiology and treatment have been reviewed. The great number of theories as... (Review)
Review
The premenstrual syndrome has been described briefly and the literature relating to its pathophysiology and treatment have been reviewed. The great number of theories as to etiology and many different kinds of treatments attest to our ignorance of the exact nature of this problem. Although it is obvious that the hypothalamo-pituitary-ovarian axis must be involved, the exact mechanism whereby the symptoms come about remains elusive. Progestin in the presence of estrogen appears to be essential. Excess estrogen may aggravate the condition. The popular theory of progesterone deficiency has not been supported by double blind trials of progesterone in various forms versus placebo. Because of the important placebo effect in this condition, double blind trials are essential in the assessment of any form of treatment.
Topics: Female; Humans; Premenstrual Syndrome
PubMed: 1888688
DOI: 10.1016/0960-0760(91)90073-e -
Perspectives in Psychiatric Care Jul 2018The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency, associated factors, and management approaches of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) and premenstrual syndrome...
PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency, associated factors, and management approaches of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) and premenstrual syndrome (PMS) in Jordanian women.
DESIGN AND METHODS
Three hundred premenopausal women completed a self-administered questionnaire.
FINDINGS
Moderate-severe PMS was reported by 29% of women, while 14% had PMDD. Younger unmarried women had the more severe condition. Herbal remedies and no medication were the most common approaches used to manage PMS/PMDD.
IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE
High rates of PMS and PMDD found in this study highlight the need to increase awareness to this condition among health providers in order to facilitate its identification, diagnosis, and management.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Female; Humans; Jordan; Middle Aged; Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder; Premenstrual Syndrome; Young Adult
PubMed: 29215138
DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12252 -
Alternative Therapies in Health and... 2001
Review
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Combined Modality Therapy; Exercise Therapy; Female; Hormones; Humans; Minerals; Phytotherapy; Plants, Medicinal; Premenstrual Syndrome; Progesterone; Pyridoxine; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
PubMed: 11565400
DOI: No ID Found