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The Practitioner Mar 2000
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BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.) Jul 1988
Clinical Trial Review
Topics: Clinical Trials as Topic; Female; Humans; Premenstrual Syndrome
PubMed: 3046702
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.297.6643.237 -
Clinical Pharmacy Mar 1993The diagnosis and pharmacologic management of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) are reviewed. PMS refers to physical or affective symptoms that appear during the latter half... (Review)
Review
The diagnosis and pharmacologic management of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) are reviewed. PMS refers to physical or affective symptoms that appear during the latter half of the menstrual cycle, remit during menses, and affect the woman's relationships or ability to function. Pharmacologic treatments proposed for PMS include (1) hormonal treatments that alter the menstrual cycle, (2) hormonal treatments based on specific proposed etiologies, (3) drugs that affect fluid balance, (4) inhibitors or precursors of prostaglandins, (5) nutritional supplements, (6) psychotropic medications, and (7) nonprescription preparations. The menstrual cycle can be manipulated with transdermal estrogen and cyclic oral progesterone, oral contraceptives, danazol, or gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists with steroid hormone replacement. Psychological symptoms may be treated with fluoxetine, clomipramine, or alprazolam. Patients may be given a diuretic for fluid retention; bromocriptine, tamoxifen, or danazol for mastodynia; and nonprescription analgesics for headaches. PMS can be managed through (1) a symptom-oriented management approach or (2) modification of the menstrual cycle. Pharmacotherapy should be initiated only after simpler measures have failed, and the medication must be chosen carefully, with the severity of the impairment weighed against adverse effects of the treatment.
Topics: Female; Hormones; Humans; Menstrual Cycle; Premenstrual Syndrome; Psychotropic Drugs; Vitamins
PubMed: 8491076
DOI: No ID Found -
Nursing Forum
Review
Topics: Female; Humans; Premenstrual Syndrome
PubMed: 3334706
DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-6198.1988.tb00807.x -
Archives of Women's Mental Health Apr 2009We systematically reviewed empirical studies that investigated the use of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for premenstrual syndrome (PMS) or premenstrual dysphoric... (Review)
Review
We systematically reviewed empirical studies that investigated the use of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for premenstrual syndrome (PMS) or premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). Our multi-database search identified seven published empirical reports. Three were identified as randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The methods utilized to investigate therapeutic efficacy of CBT in these studies varied widely from case reports to RCTs with pharmacotherapy comparison groups. Initially we provide a brief overview of CBT and justifications for its potential use to treat PMS/PMDD. Next, we provide critical evaluations of the analyses used in each study focusing on the detection of intervention effects assessed by statistically significant time by group interactions. When possible we calculate effect sizes to elucidate the clinical significance of results. Our review revealed a dearth of evidence providing statistically significant CBT intervention effects. Issues such as overall time investment, latency to treatment effects, and complementary and combined therapies are considered. We present a theoretical argument for applying mindfulness- and acceptance-based CBT interventions to PMS/PMDD and suggest future research in this area. In conclusion, to produce the necessary evidence-base support for PMS/PMDD given the limited empirical evidence reported here, researchers are called on to produce methodologically rigorous investigations of psychosocial interventions for PMS/PMDD.
Topics: Adult; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Female; Humans; Premenstrual Syndrome; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 19247573
DOI: 10.1007/s00737-009-0052-y -
International Journal of Health... 1994Premenstrual syndrome is characterized by mental and physical symptoms that vary with different phases of the menstrual cycle. Symptoms start shortly after ovulation,... (Review)
Review
Premenstrual syndrome is characterized by mental and physical symptoms that vary with different phases of the menstrual cycle. Symptoms start shortly after ovulation, increase in severity, and reach a maximum during the last five premenstrual days. After the onset of menstrual bleeding, the symptoms rapidly disappear and are usually gone within three to four days. Diagnostic procedures using prospective daily symptom ratings have recently been developed, allowing a more precise diagnosis of the cyclical mood changes and leading to a clearer picture and definition of the condition. Results from community studies show that the severity of the cyclical mood changes varies within a population of women of fertile age, from those having no cyclical mood changes to those severely handicapped by the symptoms for 14 days of the month. The severity assessment of subjective symptoms is difficult since severity is difficult to compare among individuals. In this article the authors review the different approaches to estimating severity of premenstrual syndrome and compare the different approaches with approaches used for other conditions with subjective symptoms. Two possible approaches are discussed in detail. One measures symptoms by counting the number of days with and without symptoms. The other estimates how much the symptoms affect patients' family life, social life, and work performance. Differences between retrospective and prospective assessments are also discussed.
Topics: Absenteeism; Adult; Employee Performance Appraisal; Family; Female; Humans; Menstrual Cycle; Premenstrual Syndrome; Sick Role; Social Behavior; Work Capacity Evaluation
PubMed: 7896466
DOI: 10.2190/P0Y8-J7UF-K2MG-LBL4 -
American Family Physician Aug 2016
Topics: Antidepressive Agents; Calcium; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal; Female; Humans; Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder; Premenstrual Syndrome
PubMed: 27479632
DOI: No ID Found -
Minerva Psichiatrica Dec 1994This is a comprehensive review of recent studies on premenstrual syndrome. The specific purpose of the present paper was to update major premenstrual syndrome related... (Review)
Review
This is a comprehensive review of recent studies on premenstrual syndrome. The specific purpose of the present paper was to update major premenstrual syndrome related research/clinical issues in the following areas: nosographic validity, diagnostic reliability, clinical assessment, psychobiology, treatment progress. Increasing consensus has addressed the development of both performant assessment instruments and prospective clinical studies as well as careful psychobiologic investigation of the affective disorders/premenstrual syndrome crossroad as valuable directions for future studies. Such a research perspective is discussed in the light of the author's previous work in the field.
Topics: Female; Humans; Luteal Phase; Mood Disorders; Premenstrual Syndrome; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Psychophysiologic Disorders
PubMed: 7861947
DOI: No ID Found -
International Journal For Vitamin and... 1985
Clinical Trial Review
Topics: Adult; Clinical Trials as Topic; Female; Humans; Premenstrual Syndrome; Pyridoxine
PubMed: 3926696
DOI: No ID Found -
Contraception, Fertilite, Sexualite... Nov 1997
Review
Topics: Danazol; Estrogen Antagonists; Female; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; Humans; Premenstrual Syndrome; Progesterone; Risk Factors
PubMed: 9471286
DOI: No ID Found