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Journal of Dental Sciences Dec 2019
PubMed: 31890133
DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2019.04.006 -
Archives of Oral Biology Jul 2023This study aimed to explore that whether interactions between Prevotella denticola and Streptococcus mutans could promote the establishment of hypervirulent biofilms on...
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to explore that whether interactions between Prevotella denticola and Streptococcus mutans could promote the establishment of hypervirulent biofilms on teeth surface and eventually influence the occurrence and development of caries.
DESIGN
Based on single-species biofilms of either P. denticola or S. mutans, and dual-species biofilms of both bacteria, we compared the virulence properties associated with cariogenicity in vitro, including carbohydrate metabolism and acid productivity, synthesis of extracellular polysaccharides, biomass and architecture of biofilms, level of enamel demineralization and expression of virulence genes associated with carbohydrate metabolism and adhesion in S. mutans.
RESULTS
The data demonstrated that, compared to single-species of above two taxa, dual-species produced lactate by metabolizing carbohydrates at a higher level during the observation period. Moreover, dual-species biofilms accrued more biomass and exhibited more dense microcolonies and abundant extracellular matrix. And it's noticeable that the level of enamel demineralization in dual-species biofilms was more augmented than that of single-species. In addition, the presence of P. denticola induced the expression of virulence genes gtfs and gbpB in S. mutans.
CONCLUSIONS
Symbiotic relationship between P. denticola and S. mutans enhances caries-associated virulence of plaque biofilms, which might provide new strategies for effective prevention and treatment of caries.
Topics: Humans; Virulence; Streptococcus mutans; Biofilms; Dental Caries; Dental Plaque
PubMed: 37141746
DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2023.105714 -
Cureus Jan 2022Intravenous drug users (IVDUs) have an increased risk for various types of local and systemic infections including necrotizing fasciitis (NF), which is a...
Intravenous drug users (IVDUs) have an increased risk for various types of local and systemic infections including necrotizing fasciitis (NF), which is a life-threatening bacterial soft tissue infection that requires a prompt diagnosis and treatment. is a part of the species, which are obligate anaerobic, Gram-negative rods related to genus and often implicated in periodontal and dental disease, but have been associated with soft tissue infections and other systemic complications such as cerebral abscess and endocarditis. This case reports a 30-year-old female IVDU who presented with necrotizing fasciitis of the right anterior thigh with associated right knee septic arthritis due to . The patient was treated with emergent irrigation and radical debridement along with IV antibiotic treatment for eight weeks. A review of literature was performed regarding necrotizing fasciitis caused by species. Necrotizing fasciitis caused by species is rare; however, there must be a high index of suspicion among IVDUs to allow for a prompt diagnosis and treatment.
PubMed: 35145805
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.20901 -
Enfermedades Infecciosas Y... 2001
Review
Topics: Adult; Bacteremia; Bacteroidaceae Infections; Endocarditis, Bacterial; Equipment Contamination; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Mouth Mucosa; Needles; Prevotella; Saliva; Substance Abuse, Intravenous; Tricuspid Valve
PubMed: 11440670
DOI: 10.1016/s0213-005x(01)72639-0 -
Cureus Jun 2022A 45-year-old male presented to the emergency department after being found unresponsive. Vitals, laboratory findings, and chest X-ray revealed concern for tension...
A 45-year-old male presented to the emergency department after being found unresponsive. Vitals, laboratory findings, and chest X-ray revealed concern for tension empyema. Thoracostomy was performed, and hemodynamics subsequently improved. Later, was cultured. This is the first known reported case of tension empyema.
PubMed: 35832761
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.25853 -
International Journal of Systematic... Oct 1992During studies of human periodontal disease, a number of bacterial strains were encountered that, on the basis of results of standard biochemical tests, appeared to be...
During studies of human periodontal disease, a number of bacterial strains were encountered that, on the basis of results of standard biochemical tests, appeared to be Prevotella buccalis, Prevotella denticola, Prevotella melaninogenica, or Prevotella loescheii. However, use of the standard biochemical tests, cellular fatty acid analyses, and the polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis patterns of soluble proteins resulted in conflicting identifications of these strains. The results of tests for cellobiose fermentation, inulin fermentation, and pigment production were responsible for most of the discordant results. Cellular fatty acid analyses in which the Microbial Identification System was used did not differentiate these strains from validly described species, even though separate library entries were created for them. DNA reassociation determinations in which the S1 nuclease procedure was used showed that cellobiose fermentation and pigment production are variable among strains of P. melaninogenica and P. denticola and that fermentation of xylan is not a reliable characteristic for differentiating P. buccalis from Prevotella veroralis. In contrast to previous indications, most strains of P. veroralis do not ferment xylan. These species can be differentiated by DNA-DNA reassociation and by cellular fatty acid analysis, using the Microbial Identification System, but differentiation by currently described phenotypic characteristics is not reliable. Similarly, P. loescheii and the genetically distinct (but closely related) D1C-20 group cannot be distinguished reliably from each other or from P. veroralis, P. denticola, and P. melaninogenica on the basis of currently described phenotypic tests other than cellular fatty acid composition or, for some species, electrophoretic patterns of soluble whole-cell proteins.
Topics: Bacterial Typing Techniques; Bacteroides; Cellobiose; Culture Media; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Fermentation; Humans; Phenotype; Xylans
PubMed: 1390106
DOI: 10.1099/00207713-42-4-536 -
European Review For Medical and... Mar 2019Probiotics S. salivarius 24SMBc and S. oralis 89a comprised in the nasal spray Rinogermina are known to exert inhibition of harmful pathogens and ameliorate the outcome... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial
Modulation of opportunistic species Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Prevotella denticola, Prevotella melaninogenica, Rothia dentocariosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae by intranasal administration of Streptococcus salivarius...
OBJECTIVE
Probiotics S. salivarius 24SMBc and S. oralis 89a comprised in the nasal spray Rinogermina are known to exert inhibition of harmful pathogens and ameliorate the outcome of patients with chronic upper airways infections. In this study, for the first time, the effect of this formulation on the modulation of the microflora of healthy subjects was evaluated, with particular interest on pathobionts and pathogens present.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
Metagenomic identification and quantification of bacterial abundances in healthy subjects were carried out by means of Ion Torrent Personal Machine. In particular, nasal swabs were sampled one, two and four weeks after seven days of treatment with Rinogermina.
RESULTS
The modulation of the abundance of pathobionts and pathogenic species (i.e., Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Prevotella denticola, Prevotella melaninogenica, Rothia dentocariosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae) was characterized and a significant temporary decrease in their presence was identified.
CONCLUSIONS
The beneficial effects of S. salivarius 24SMBc and S. oralis 89a nasal intake was assessed but seemed to be restricted in specific temporal windows. Thus it would be interesting to evaluate also this positive impact of longer administration of this probiotic formulation.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Adult; Female; Healthy Volunteers; Humans; Male; Microbiota; Middle Aged; Nose; Probiotics; Streptococcus oralis; Streptococcus salivarius; Time Factors; Young Adult
PubMed: 30920634
DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201903_17351 -
Clinical Infectious Diseases : An... Jun 1993Antimicrobial agents are used in combination with debridement to eliminate putative periodontal pathogens, including Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, and... (Review)
Review
Antimicrobial agents are used in combination with debridement to eliminate putative periodontal pathogens, including Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, from diseased tissues. The most frequently used antimicrobial agents are the tetracyclines. However, these agents are not effective in some patients. This lack of efficacy may be due to antimicrobial resistance. As many as 75% of the bacteria in the subgingival flora may be resistant to tetracycline after long-term, low-dose treatment. Tetracycline resistance is mediated by the tet(M) determinant in some isolates of Veillonella species and Fusobacterium nucleatum, while a DNA probe to the tet(Q) determinant hybridizes to isolates of Prevotella denticola and P. intermedia. The mechanism of tetracycline resistance for most periodontal organisms, however, has yet to be determined. Before tetracycline is used as adjunctive therapy for refractory periodontitis, the subgingival bacterial flora should be tested for susceptibility.
Topics: Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Humans; Periodontal Diseases; Tetracycline; Tetracycline Resistance
PubMed: 8324137
DOI: 10.1093/clinids/16.supplement_4.s310 -
Oncogene Feb 2023Appendectomy impacts the homeostasis of gut microbiome in patients. We aimed to study the role of appendectomy in colorectal cancer (CRC) risk through causing gut...
Appendectomy impacts the homeostasis of gut microbiome in patients. We aimed to study the role of appendectomy in colorectal cancer (CRC) risk through causing gut microbial dysbiosis. Population-based longitudinal study (cohort 1, n = 129,155) showed a 73.0% increase in CRC risk among appendectomy cases throughout 20 years follow-up (Adjusted sub-distribution hazard ratio (SHR) 1.73, 95% CI 1.49-2.01, P < 0.001). Shotgun metagenomic sequencing was performed on fecal samples from cohort 2 (n = 314). Gut microbial dysbiosis in appendectomy subjects was observed with significant enrichment of 7 CRC-promoting bacteria (Bacteroides vulgatus, Bacteroides fragilis, Veillonella dispar, Prevotella ruminicola, Prevotella fucsa, Prevotella dentalis, Prevotella denticola) and depletion of 5 beneficial commensals (Blautia sp YL58, Enterococcus hirae, Lachnospiraceae bacterium Choco86, Collinsella aerofaciens, Blautia sp SC05B48). Microbial network analysis showed increased correlation strengths among enriched bacteria and their enriched oncogenic pathways in appendectomy subjects compared to controls. Of which, B. fragilis was the centrality in the network of the enriched bacteria. We further confirmed that appendectomy promoted colorectal tumorigenesis in mice by causing gut microbial dysbiosis and impaired intestinal barrier function. Collectively, this study revealed appendectomy-induced microbial dysbiosis characterized by enriched CRC-promoting bacteria and depleted beneficial commensals, signifying that the gut microbiome may play a crucial role in CRC development induced by appendectomy.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Dysbiosis; Appendectomy; Longitudinal Studies; Colorectal Neoplasms
PubMed: 36539569
DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02569-3 -
Journal of Clinical Periodontology Nov 2023Since blood metabolomic profiles of obese individuals are known to be altered, our objective was to examine the association between obesity-related metabolic patterns...
AIM
Since blood metabolomic profiles of obese individuals are known to be altered, our objective was to examine the association between obesity-related metabolic patterns and subgingival microbial compositions in obese and non-obese periodontally healthy individuals.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Thirty-nine periodontally healthy subjects were enrolled. Based on body mass index scores, 20 subjects were categorized as lean and 19 as obese. A comprehensive periodontal examination was performed. Subgingival plaque and blood samples were collected. Plaque samples were analysed for bacteria using 16S rDNA sequencing. Untargeted metabolomic profiling (mass spectrometry) was used to quantify metabolites in serum.
RESULTS
Obese subjects were statistically associated with several periodontopathic taxa including Dialister invisus, Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella denticola, Fusobacterium nucleatum_subsp.vincentii, Mogibacterium diversum, Parvimonas micra and Shuttleworthia satelles. In obese individuals, an amino acid-related metabolic pattern was elevated; however, there was a decrease in metabolic patterns related to lipids and cofactor/vitamins. These metabolic perturbations were associated with multiple subgingival bacterial species that differentiated lean from obese individuals.
CONCLUSIONS
Obesity-related perturbations in circulating blood metabolites are associated with the development of periodontopathic bacterial colonization in the subgingival microbiome and consequently may increase the risk for periodontal disease in obese individuals.
PubMed: 37536958
DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13860