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Caries Research 2024This research aimed to assess the association of root biofilm bacteriome with root caries lesion severity and activity in institutionalised Colombian elderlies and was...
INTRODUCTION
This research aimed to assess the association of root biofilm bacteriome with root caries lesion severity and activity in institutionalised Colombian elderlies and was conducted to gather data on the root caries bacteriome in this population.
METHODS
A bacteriome evaluation of biofilm samples from sound and carious root surfaces was performed. Root caries was categorised (ICDAS Root criteria) based on severity (sound surfaces, initial: non-cavitated, moderate/extensive combined: cavitated) and activity status (active and inactive). DNA was extracted and the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced; afterwards the classification of features was conducted employing amplicon sequence variants and taxonomic assignment via the Human Oral Microbiome Database (HOMD). Bacterial richness, diversity (Simpson's and Shannon's indices), and relative abundance estimation were assessed and compared based on root caries severity and activity status (including Sound surfaces).
RESULTS
A total of 130 biofilm samples were examined: sound (n = 45) and with root caries lesions (n = 85; by severity: initial: n = 41; moderate/extensive: n = 44; by activity: active: n = 60; inactive: n = 25). Species richness was significantly lower in biofilms from moderate/extensive and active groups compared to sound sites. There was a higher relative abundance of species like Lechtotricia wadei, Capnocytophaga granulosa, Cardiobacterium valvarum, Porphyromonas pasteri - in sound sites; Dialister invisus, Streptococcus mutans, Pseudoramibacter alactolyticus and Bacteroidetes (G-5) bacterium 511 - in moderate/extensive lesions, and Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. animalis, Prevotella denticola, Lactobacillus fermentum, Saccharibacteria (TM7) (G-5)bacterium HMT 356 - in active lesions.
CONCLUSION
Root caries bacteriome exhibited differences in species proportions between the compared groups. Specifically, cavitated caries lesions and active caries lesions showed higher relative abundance of acidogenic bacteria.
Topics: Humans; Root Caries; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Dental Caries; Streptococcus mutans; Biofilms; Fusobacterium
PubMed: 38128496
DOI: 10.1159/000535923 -
Journal of Psychiatric Research Jun 2019To probe the differences of gut microbiota among major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder with current major depressive episode (BPD) and health participants. (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Similarly in depression, nuances of gut microbiota: Evidences from a shotgun metagenomics sequencing study on major depressive disorder versus bipolar disorder with current major depressive episode patients.
BACKGROUND
To probe the differences of gut microbiota among major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder with current major depressive episode (BPD) and health participants.
METHODS
Thirty one MDD patients, thirty BPD patients, and thirty healthy controls (HCs) were recruited. All the faecal samples were analyzed by shotgun metagenomics sequencing. Except for routine analyses of alpha diversity, we specially designed a new indicator, the G coefficient, to evaluate the inequality of relative abundances of microbiota for each participant.
RESULTS
The G coefficients are significant decreased in both MDD and BPD groups. The relative abundances of increased phyla Firmicutes and Actinobacteria and decreased Bacteroidetes were significantly in the MDD and BPD groups. At genus level, four of top five enriched genera (Bacteroides, Clostridium, Bifidobacterium, Oscillibacter and Streptococcus) were found increased significantly in the MDD and BPD groups compared with HCs. The genera Escherichia and Klebsiella showed significant changes in abundances only between the BPD and HC groups. At the species level, compared with BPD patients, MDD patients had a higher abundance of Prevotellaceae including Prevotella denticola F0289, Prevotella intermedia 17, Prevotella ruminicola, and Prevotella intermedia. Furthermore, the abundance of Fusobacteriaceae, Escherichia blattae DSM 4481 and Klebsiella oxytoca were significantly increased, whereas the Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis ATCC 15697 = JCM 1222 was significantly reduced in BPD group compared with MDD group.
CONCLUSIONS
Our study suggested that gut microbiota may be involved in the pathogenesis of both MDD and BPD patients, and the nuances of bacteria may have the potentiality of being the biomarkers of MDD and BPD.
Topics: Adult; Bipolar Disorder; Depressive Disorder, Major; Feces; Female; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Male; Metagenomics
PubMed: 30927646
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.03.017 -
Journal of Biomedical Materials... Jul 2012To examine the influence of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in enhancing bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation on titanium surfaces.
AIM
To examine the influence of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in enhancing bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation on titanium surfaces.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The adherence of 21 bacterial isolates to prepolished 1 cm(2) titanium samples was screened using fluorescence microscopy. Three isolates that exhibited "low" (Porphyromonas gingivalis R17870), "moderate" (Porphyromonas gingivalis 5335), and "extensive" (Prevotella denticola R9102) adherence to titanium were then examined for titanium adherence in the presence of the ECM proteins vitronectin, fibronectin, laminin, collagen type I, and collagen type IV.
RESULTS
Several ECM proteins had a considerable effect on increasing adherence of the bacteria to titanium compared to a control (no protein treatment). The most significant difference was seen with vitronectin for P. gingivalis 5335 (p < 0.001 at 4 h, 24-h incubation times) and P. gingivalis R17870 (p < 0.05 at 4 h, 24 h incubation times). For P. denticola R9102, vitronectin was not found to enhance adherence at 4 h, (p > 0.05), whilst collagen type I and fibronectin did result in significantly enhanced adherence (p < 0.05, 24 h).
CONCLUSIONS
ECM matrix proteins promote adherence of potential periodontal pathogenic bacteria to titanium surfaces. Management of diseases such as peri-implantitis should focus on limitation of this bacterial adherence to reduce/eliminate biofilms.
Topics: Animals; Bacterial Adhesion; Biofilms; Cattle; Extracellular Matrix Proteins; Humans; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Prevotella; Surface Properties; Titanium
PubMed: 22566385
DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.32698 -
FEMS Microbiology Letters Feb 1996By comparison of the cell surface proteins derived from the outer membrane and fibrils from 14 Prevotella intermedia and 19 Prevotella nigrescens strains using SDS and...
By comparison of the cell surface proteins derived from the outer membrane and fibrils from 14 Prevotella intermedia and 19 Prevotella nigrescens strains using SDS and analysed by SDS-PAGE, it was possible to distinguish the two species. A polypeptide of approx. 21 kDa distinguished P. intermedia strains, whereas two polypeptides of approx. 18 and 22 kDa could be used to identify P. nigrescens strains. Four other human oral black pigmented bacterial species (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella denticola, Prevotella loescheii and Prevotella melaninogenica) did not have the 18-, 21- or 22-kDa polypeptides shown by P. intermedia or P. nigrescens. The cell-associated proteolytic activity of eight strains of P. intermedia, 14 strains of P. nigrescens and one strain of P. gingivalis (W50) was assessed using four chromogenic substrates. The hydrolysis of the substrate GPPNA (indicative of dipeptidyl peptidase IV-like activity) and SAAPPNA (elastase-like activity) by P. intermedia strains varied from 32 to 114 units and 0.5 to 12.6 units of activity respectively, where one unit was defined as the amount of protease enzyme catalysing the formation of 1 nmol of p-nitroaniline under experimental conditions. 37.5% (3 of 8) of P. intermedia strains hydrolysed SAAPPNA (chymotrypsin-like enzyme activity) with activities of between 7 and 12 units. The hydrolysis of GPPNA and SAAAPNA by P. nigrescens strains was 32-149 and 3-16 units, respectively. 57% (8 of 14) of P. nigrescens strains hydrolysed SAAPPPNA with activities ranging from 3 to 8 units. None of the P. intermedia or P. nigrescens strains examined were found to have trypsin-like enzyme activity (BAPNA hydrolysis). The GPPNA and SAAAPNA hydrolytic activity associated with the proteases from Porphyromonas gingivalis W50 was at least twice that of P. intermedia and P. nigrescens strains. The similar peptidase activities of P. intermedia and P. nigrescens against chromogenic substrates cannot be used to differentiate the species, but SDS-PAGE of cell surface protein extracts allowed unambiguous speciation between P. intermedia and P. nigrescens. This simple technique of cell surface protein analysis can be performed in most laboratories and offers a convenient way by which to differentiate the two species.
Topics: Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; Cell Extracts; Coloring Agents; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Endopeptidases; Gingival Diseases; Humans; Peptides; Periodontal Diseases; Phenotype; Prevotella; Prevotella intermedia; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
PubMed: 8869494
DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1996.tb08035.x -
Oral Microbiology and Immunology Dec 1999In a prospective study, 47 adults presenting a rapidly progressive periodontitis were selected in order to evaluate the prevalence of beta-lactamase-producing strains...
In a prospective study, 47 adults presenting a rapidly progressive periodontitis were selected in order to evaluate the prevalence of beta-lactamase-producing strains among oral anaerobic gram-negative rods. Predominant anaerobes were identified from two of the deepest periodontal pockets. beta-Lactamase-positive strains fulfilled to at least two of three criteria: positive nitrocefin test, penicillin Etest minimal inhibitory concentration > 1 microgram/ml, and disk diffusion synergy between amoxycillin and clavulanic acid > 10 mm. At least one beta-lactamase-producing strain was found in 53.2% of patients and 39.4% of the periodontal pockets investigated. Prominent beta-lactamase-positive species were Prevotella buccae and Prevotella intermedia (respectively 16 of 38: 42% and 18 of 52: 35% positive strains), followed by Prevotella bivia, Prevotella disiens, Prevotella denticola and Fusobacterium nucleatum (respectively 1 of 6: 17%, 1 of 10: 10%, 1 of 10: 10%, and 1 of 13: 8% positive strains). No beta-lactamase producer could be evidenced in Porphyromonas gingivalis (10 strains tested). All the beta-lactamase-positive strains with the nitrocefin test had penicillin minimal inhibitory concentrations > 1 microgram/ml with the Etest, and a strong synergy between amoxicillin and clavulanic acid was always observed.
Topics: Adult; Bacterial Proteins; Fusobacterium nucleatum; Gram-Negative Anaerobic Straight, Curved, and Helical Rods; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Penicillin Resistance; Periodontal Pocket; Prevotella; Prospective Studies; beta-Lactamases
PubMed: 10895690
DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-302x.1999.140604.x -
Journal of Periodontal Research Apr 2001Metal ions were evaluated as potential antimicrobial agents suitable for local delivery in the oral cavity for the treatment of periodontitis. Silver nitrate, copper... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Metal ions were evaluated as potential antimicrobial agents suitable for local delivery in the oral cavity for the treatment of periodontitis. Silver nitrate, copper chloride, and zinc chloride were tested for antimicrobial activity in in vitro killing assays conducted in phosphate buffered saline with a series of oral bacteria including gram-negative periodontal pathogens and gram-positive streptococci. Copper and zinc salts failed to exhibit strong and consistent activity against periodontal pathogens. In contrast, silver at a concentration of 0.5 microg/mL produced a 3 log10 reduction in colony forming units (CFU)/mL or greater against all periodontal pathogens tested including Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella denticola, Bacteroides forsythus, Fusobacterium nucleatum vincentii, Campylobacter gracilis, Campylobacter rectus, Eikenella corrodens, and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. In comparison, substantially higher concentrations of silver nitrate failed to kill oral streptococci. A silver nitrate concentration of 25 microg/mL produced log10 reductions in CFU/mL of 3.5-5 in killing assays performed in human serum against P. gingivalis, demonstrating the ability of silver to retain activity in a biological medium similar to that encountered in vivo in the periodontal pocket. These results identify silver nitrate, an antimicrobial that may possess advantages over traditional antibiotics, as a potential agent for controlled release local delivery in the oral cavity for the treatment of periodontitis.
Topics: Administration, Topical; Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteroides; Blood; Campylobacter; Chlorides; Colony Count, Microbial; Copper; Culture Media; Eikenella corrodens; Fusobacterium nucleatum; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Humans; Mouth; Periodontal Pocket; Periodontitis; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Prevotella; Prevotella intermedia; Silver Nitrate; Streptococcus; Streptococcus mutans; Streptococcus sobrinus; Zinc Compounds
PubMed: 11327077
DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0765.2001.360207.x -
Journal of Clinical Periodontology Jan 2016The aims of this study were as follows: (i) To assess the prevalence of periodontitis among patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) and comparator groups of...
AIMS
The aims of this study were as follows: (i) To assess the prevalence of periodontitis among patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) and comparator groups of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA). (ii) To perform a pilot study to compare serum antibody responses to 10 oral/periodontal bacteria in these patient groups and a historical comparator group of patients with periodontitis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Standard clinical periodontal assessments were performed on 39 pSS, 36 RA and 23 OA patients and "In-house" antibody ELISAs for serum antibodies against 10 oral/periodontal bacteria were performed in these groups.
RESULTS
Forty-six percent of the pSS group, 64% of the RA group and 48% of the OA group had moderate/severe periodontitis. These frequencies did not reach statistical significance between groups. Raised antibody levels to Prevotella denticola were found in the pSS, RA and periodontitis groups compared to the OA group. Significant between group differences were seen for Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Prevotella intermedia and Campylobacter showae. None of these differences were specifically associated with pSS.
CONCLUSION
This study showed no increase in periodontitis in pSS patients. Although the P. denticola data are of interest, identifying bacterial triggering factors for pSS will likely require alternative strategies including modern techniques such as microbiome analysis.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Periodontitis; Pilot Projects; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Prevalence; Prevotella intermedia; Sjogren's Syndrome
PubMed: 26646777
DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12485 -
Characterization of a novel N-acetylneuraminic acid-specific Fusobacterium nucleatum PK1594 adhesin.Oral Microbiology and Immunology Feb 1998Fusobacterium nucleatum has been identified as significantly associated with sites with active periodontal disease and, as a group, the oral fusobacteria coaggregate...
Fusobacterium nucleatum has been identified as significantly associated with sites with active periodontal disease and, as a group, the oral fusobacteria coaggregate with members of all oral bacteria genera tested. Monoclonal antibodies were prepared and used in conjunction with other potential inhibitors, such as simple sugars and amino acids, to characterize coaggregation interactions, of F. nucleatum PK1594. Four unique monoclonal antibodies, 5H11, 14C7, 19F2 and 29C12, were obtained by their ability to inhibit coaggregation of F. nucleatum PK1594 with Actinomyces israelii PK16. They were also capable of inhibiting other coaggregations including Streptococcus oralis H1, S. oralis J22, Capnocytophaga ochracea ATCC33596, Prevotella denticola PK1277 and Prevotella intermedia PK1511. All of these interactions were completely inhibited by N-acetylneuraminic acid. Neither N-acetylneuraminic acid nor monoclonal antibody 5H11 had any inhibitory effect on other F. nucleatum PK1594 interactions, including all galactose-inhibitable coaggregations. The results indicate that F. nucleatum PK1594 expresses upon its surface a distinct type of adhesin that mediates coaggregation interactions that are inhibited by N-acetylneuraminic acid.
Topics: Adhesins, Bacterial; Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibody Specificity; Bacterial Adhesion; Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; Fusobacterium nucleatum; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Hybridomas; Immunization; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; N-Acetylneuraminic Acid
PubMed: 9573822
DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-302x.1998.tb00750.x -
Operative Dentistry 2003Self-etching primers are now considered the new generation of dentin bonding systems that modify and incorporate the bacteria-containing smear layer into their bonding... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Self-etching primers are now considered the new generation of dentin bonding systems that modify and incorporate the bacteria-containing smear layer into their bonding mechanism. The antibacterial effects of the self-etching primers Clearfil SE Bond, Mac Bond, Imperva FL Bond, One-Up BondF and Prompt L-Pop were evaluated using the bacteria Streptococcus mutans ATCC25175, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius, Peptostreptococcus prevotii, Peptostreptococcus asaccharolyticus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus catenaforme, Lactobacillus jensenii, Actinomyces odontolyticus, Porphyromonas endodontalis, Clostridium ramosum, Prevotella oris, Prevotella denticola and Fusobacterium nucleatum, with a disk diffusion method. A single-bottle total-etch dentin adhesive (Excite) was used for comparisons and chlorhexidine (0.2%) was used as the positive control. After incubation, zones of inhibited bacterial growth were observed. One-Up BondF, Prompt L-Pop and Excite showed growth inhibition for all bacterial strains. The bonding agents of Clearfil SE Bond, Mac Bond and Imperva FL Bond were unable to inhibit the growth of Lactobacillus jensenii and Actinomyces odontolyticus, while the primers of these systems produced inhibition halos to all tested microorganisms greater than that of chlorhexidine.
Topics: Actinomyces; Alkanes; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Chlorhexidine; Clostridium; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Fusobacterium nucleatum; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Gram-Positive Bacteria; Humans; Lactobacillus; Lactobacillus acidophilus; Maleates; Materials Testing; Methacrylates; Peptostreptococcus; Porphyromonas; Prevotella; Resin Cements; Statistics, Nonparametric; Streptococcus mutans
PubMed: 12670069
DOI: No ID Found -
Oral Microbiology and Immunology Jun 1994Eruption of primary teeth has a great influence on the oral environment by providing suitable niches for bacterial colonization. The composition of oral gram-negative... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Eruption of primary teeth has a great influence on the oral environment by providing suitable niches for bacterial colonization. The composition of oral gram-negative anaerobic microflora was investigated in 21 young children (mean age 32 months) with primary dentition. The bacterial findings of samples were compared with those of the same children collected at their edentulous infant period (mean age 3 months). During the primary period, 2 samples were collected from each child: a sample with dental floss from gingival margin of 2 teeth and stimulated saliva pooled with a mucosal swab sample. Both samples were cultured aerobically and anaerobically using nonselective and selective media. Prevotella melaninogenica, nonpigmented Prevotella spp., Fusobacterium nucleatum group and Capnocytophaga spp. were found in all children at the older age, whereas they occurred in edentulous mouth in 76%, 62%, 67% and 19%, respectively. The occurrence of Prevotella loescheii increased from 14% to 90%, Prevotella intermedia from 10% to 67%, Leptotrichia spp. from 24 to 71%, Campylobacter (Wolinella) spp. from 5 to 43% and Eikenella corrodens from 5 to 57%. Only the occurrence of Bacteroides gracilis and Veillonella spp. remained at about the same level. Species not isolated from the edentulous mouth, such as Prevotella denticola, Fusobacterium spp. other than the F. nucleatum group and Selenomonas spp. were now detected in 71%, 71% and 43% of the children. The stability of the colonizing P. melaninogenica strain(s) in the oral cavity was determined by using ribotyping; 1-2 isolates per child from the edentulous infant period of 9 children and 3-15 isolates per child from their primary dentition period were analyzed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Topics: Bacterial Typing Techniques; Bacteroides; Capnocytophaga; Child, Preschool; Colony Count, Microbial; DNA, Bacterial; Female; Fusobacterium; Gram-Negative Anaerobic Bacteria; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Mouth; Mouth Mucosa; Prevotella melaninogenica; Tooth Eruption; Tooth, Deciduous; Veillonella
PubMed: 7936718
DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-302x.1994.tb00049.x