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Cancer May 1975Forty-eight patients with primary or metastatic malignant tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) were treated with combination chemotherapy, consisting or... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Forty-eight patients with primary or metastatic malignant tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) were treated with combination chemotherapy, consisting or procarbazine (100 mg/m2 X 14 days), CCNU (75 mg/m2), and vincristine (1.4 mg/m2 X 2, 1 week apart) (PCV) every 4 weeks. Most patients had undergone initial resection of primary tumors, postoperative radiotherapy, and a post irradiation interval of 3 months or more. Other patients harbored unbiopsied, newly-discovered primary or metastatic tumors. All patients were deteriorating neurologically when treatment began. Overall response rate for PCV combination therapy was 44%, no better than results obtained with single agent procarbazine or BCNU, the most effective drugs used alone in previous brain tumor chemotherapy studies.
Topics: Brain Neoplasms; Drug Therapy, Combination; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Humans; Lomustine; Neoplasm Metastasis; Nitrosourea Compounds; Procarbazine; Vincristine
PubMed: 1122488
DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(197505)35:5<1398::aid-cncr2820350524>3.0.co;2-c -
Cancer Chemotherapy Reports Aug 1970
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Benzoates; Blood Platelets; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Bone Marrow Cells; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Female; Hemoglobins; Humans; Leukocyte Count; Male; Middle Aged; Multiple Myeloma; Procarbazine; Serum Globulins
PubMed: 5527020
DOI: No ID Found -
British Journal of Urology Apr 1975The treatment of 10 cases of Peyronie's disease with procarbazine, a cytotoxic drug, is presented. The results were disappointing.
The treatment of 10 cases of Peyronie's disease with procarbazine, a cytotoxic drug, is presented. The results were disappointing.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Blood Cell Count; Blood Platelets; Edema; Humans; Leukocyte Count; Male; Middle Aged; Penile Induration; Procarbazine; Skin Diseases; Sleep
PubMed: 1148623
DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410x.1975.tb03951.x -
Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official... Dec 1990We undertook a phase II study of combination chemotherapy with mechlorethamine (nitrogen mustard) 6 mg/m2 intravenously day 1 and day 8, vincristine 2 mg intravenously... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial
We undertook a phase II study of combination chemotherapy with mechlorethamine (nitrogen mustard) 6 mg/m2 intravenously day 1 and day 8, vincristine 2 mg intravenously day 1 and day 8, and procarbazine 100 mg/m2 orally days 1 through 14 (MOP) in adults with recurrent high-grade glioma. There were 31 patients entered and 27 patients assessable for response. The median age was 49 years old. All patients had prior maximal radiotherapy, and eight had previous chemotherapy. Responses were determined based on clinical and computed tomographic (CT) scan/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) criteria. The response rate (partial response [PR] plus objective qualitative response [OQR] plus complete response [CR]) was 52% with one CR. The response rate was higher in patients with anaplastic astrocytoma as compared with glioblastoma multiforme (P less than .05). The median duration of response was 42 weeks. Median survival for all assessable patients was 30 weeks, and for responders, it was 60 weeks. Response was correlated with ability to decrease dexamethasone doses and improved performance status. Toxicity was mainly hematologic with leukopenia being common. There was one treatment-related death from listeria meningitis, and two patients developed Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. There were three episodes of neutropenic fever. We conclude that MOP is active and merits further investigation in adult high-grade glioma.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Glioma; Humans; Leukopenia; Male; Mechlorethamine; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Procarbazine; Vincristine
PubMed: 2230893
DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1990.8.12.2014 -
European Journal of Cancer (Oxford,... Sep 2004The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can be exploited therapeutically in the treatment of cancer. One of the first drugs to be developed that generates ROS... (Review)
Review
The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can be exploited therapeutically in the treatment of cancer. One of the first drugs to be developed that generates ROS was procarbazine. It is oxidised readily in an oxic environment to its azo derivative, generating ROS. Forty years ago, Berneis reported a synergistic effect in DNA degradation when procarbazine was combined with radiation; this was confirmed in preclinical in vivo modes. Early uncontrolled clinical trials suggested an enhancement of the radiation effect with procarbazine, but two randomised trials failed to confirm this. The role of ROS in cancer treatments and in the development of resistance to chemotherapy is now better understood. The possibility of exploiting ROS as a cancer treatment is re-emerging as a promising therapeutic option with the development of agents such as buthionine sulfoximine and motexafin gadolinium.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Buthionine Sulfoximine; Combined Modality Therapy; DNA; Humans; Metalloporphyrins; Neoplasms; Oxidation-Reduction; Procarbazine; Reactive Oxygen Species
PubMed: 15315800
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2004.02.031 -
Minerva Urologica 1978
Topics: Adult; Aged; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Penile Induration; Procarbazine
PubMed: 661787
DOI: No ID Found -
Cancer Research Feb 1994Procarbazine produces long-term sterility in the male by killing stem spermatogonia. The degree and selectivity of protection of stem spermatogonia in rats from...
Procarbazine produces long-term sterility in the male by killing stem spermatogonia. The degree and selectivity of protection of stem spermatogonia in rats from procarbazine by pretreatment with steroid hormones were investigated. Male LBNF1 rats were treated for 6 weeks with Silastic implants containing testosterone plus 17 beta-estradiol. The hormone-treated rats and sham-treated controls were given a single injection of graded doses of procarbazine and the hormone implants were removed the next day. Spermatogonial stem cell survival and function, assessed by the repopulation indices and sperm head counts 10 weeks later, showed that stem spermatogonia were protected by testosterone plus 17 beta-estradiol treatment from the toxic effects of procarbazine with a dose-modifying protection factor of about 2.5. In contrast, there was no hormonal protection from the procarbazine-induced killing of differentiating spermatogonia, preleptotene spermatocytes, and spermatocytes in meiotic prophase or from the delay in maturation of round spermatids, assessed 9 days after procarbazine injection by histological or flow cytometric methods. In addition, there was no hormonal protection from the procarbazine-induced decline in body weights and lymphocyte counts, indicating that the gastrointestinal, neurological, and hematological systems were not protected. The specificity of protection indicates that the hormonal protection of the stem spermatogonia is not the result of a systemic or overall testicular decrease in drug delivery, decrease in bioactivation, nor increase in drug detoxification, except possibly within the stem cells themselves. We conclude that the degree of hormonal protection and its specificity would be appropriate for clinical application provided that the mechanism of protection is elucidated and appears applicable to humans.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; DNA; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Flow Cytometry; Gonadal Steroid Hormones; Leukocyte Count; Male; Procarbazine; Rats; Rats, Nude; Spermatogonia; Testis
PubMed: 8313358
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Reproduction and Fertility Sep 1988Rats aged 10 days (Exp. A), 45 days (Exp. B) and 70-90 days (Exp. C) were given procarbazine intraperitoneally at doses of 30 mg/kg/day for 5 or 9 weeks (Exps A, B, C),...
Rats aged 10 days (Exp. A), 45 days (Exp. B) and 70-90 days (Exp. C) were given procarbazine intraperitoneally at doses of 30 mg/kg/day for 5 or 9 weeks (Exps A, B, C), or by gavage at doses of 5 mg/kg/day (equivalent to the therapeutic dose in man) and 50 mg/kg/day, for 9 weeks (Exp. B). A significant mortality rate was noted in immature rats (Exp. A) and in animals receiving 50 mg/kg/day orally (Exp. B). In all groups the rate of body weight gain and the weights of the testes and epididymides were reduced. Procarbazine produced disruption of the normal spermatogenetic architecture that was very severe or total in immature rats (Exp. A) and in rats given the drug at 30 mg/kg/day for 9 weeks and the highest dose (50 mg/kg) in Exp. B. Disruption of spermatogenesis was only partial in the other experimental groups. The number of Sertoli cells was not affected by the different treatments, but a Sertoli cell dysfunction (vacuolization, decreased ABP and elevated FSH concentrations), most probably secondary to germ cell degeneration, was demonstrated in those rats presenting the most severe disruption of spermatogenesis (Exp. B: i.p. and gavage, 50 mg/kg for 9 weeks). Leydig cells, always present in the interstitium, were moderately affected (decrease in serum testosterone values) in some groups at all ages whereas epididymal sperm reserves were decreased after 9 weeks (Exp. B: 30 mg/kg, i.p.; 5 and 50 mg/kg, gavage). Moreover, there was a marked fall in the number of fetuses per female mated by males in all experimental groups. We conclude that the effects of procarbazine on male reproductive function were independent of the route of administration, greater before puberty and proportional to the dose administered as well as to the duration of the treatment.
Topics: Animals; Epididymis; Fertility; Leydig Cells; Male; Organ Size; Procarbazine; Rats; Sertoli Cells; Sexual Maturation; Spermatogenesis; Testis; Weight Gain
PubMed: 3184060
DOI: 10.1530/jrf.0.0840051 -
Pediatric Blood & Cancer Jun 2008
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Cerebellar Diseases; Child; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; Male; Musa; Procarbazine; Tyramine
PubMed: 18293384
DOI: 10.1002/pbc.21387 -
Oncology Nursing Forum May 2014The purpose of this prospective phase II/III trial was to study the effect of therapy intensification when combining procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine (PCV)... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
The purpose of this prospective phase II/III trial was to study the effect of therapy intensification when combining procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine (PCV) chemotherapy with a standard course of radiation therapy (RT) on cognitive functioning for patients with World Health Organization grade 2 low-grade gliomas (LGGs). Initial results of the trial demonstrated a progression-free survival benefit with adjuvant PCV, but no overall survival benefit in the intention-to-treat analysis. Because patients with LGGs have favorable prognostic indicators, the five-year overall survival rates range from 60%-70%. The effect of cancer treatment on neurocognitive function is a topic of increasing interest to healthcare providers and patients. The negative effect is commonly called "chemobrain" and refers to diminished concentration and compromised short-term memory following treatment. Chemobrain has been studied in other populations of patients with cancer (e.g., breast cancer) with associated statistically significant chemotherapy-associated compromised cognitive function when chemotherapy was added to RT.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Brain Neoplasms; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; Cognition Disorders; Female; Glioma; Humans; Lomustine; Male; Middle Aged; Procarbazine; Prospective Studies; Vincristine; Young Adult
PubMed: 24769600
DOI: 10.1188/14.ONF.335-336