-
Oncology Nursing Forum May 2014The purpose of this prospective phase II/III trial was to study the effect of therapy intensification when combining procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine (PCV)... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
The purpose of this prospective phase II/III trial was to study the effect of therapy intensification when combining procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine (PCV) chemotherapy with a standard course of radiation therapy (RT) on cognitive functioning for patients with World Health Organization grade 2 low-grade gliomas (LGGs). Initial results of the trial demonstrated a progression-free survival benefit with adjuvant PCV, but no overall survival benefit in the intention-to-treat analysis. Because patients with LGGs have favorable prognostic indicators, the five-year overall survival rates range from 60%-70%. The effect of cancer treatment on neurocognitive function is a topic of increasing interest to healthcare providers and patients. The negative effect is commonly called "chemobrain" and refers to diminished concentration and compromised short-term memory following treatment. Chemobrain has been studied in other populations of patients with cancer (e.g., breast cancer) with associated statistically significant chemotherapy-associated compromised cognitive function when chemotherapy was added to RT.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Brain Neoplasms; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; Cognition Disorders; Female; Glioma; Humans; Lomustine; Male; Middle Aged; Procarbazine; Prospective Studies; Vincristine; Young Adult
PubMed: 24769600
DOI: 10.1188/14.ONF.335-336 -
The Lancet. Oncology Apr 2019
Topics: Cyclophosphamide; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; Positron-Emission Tomography; Procarbazine; Vincristine
PubMed: 30942176
DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(19)30162-7 -
Cancer Research Mar 1987Procarbazine causes dose-dependent decreases in sperm count after a single i.p. injection in (C57BL/6 X DBA/2)F1 male mice. Two antioxidants, N-acetylcysteine and sodium...
Procarbazine causes dose-dependent decreases in sperm count after a single i.p. injection in (C57BL/6 X DBA/2)F1 male mice. Two antioxidants, N-acetylcysteine and sodium ascorbate, administered with equimolar doses of procarbazine decreased the spermatotoxicity of procarbazine. At the highest doses of procarbazine (400 mg/kg) that caused a 56% decrease in sperm count, equimolar doses of N-acetylcysteine coadministered with procarbazine caused only a 17% decrease in sperm count, and equimolar doses of ascorbate coadministered with procarbazine caused only a 13% decrease in sperm count. Thus, protection against the spermatotoxic effects of procarbazine was demonstrated with either antioxidant. The effect of the antioxidants on the chemotherapeutic efficacy of procarbazine against murine L1210 leukemia was also assessed. Procarbazine at the highest dose (600 mg/kg) increased mean survival time of mice inoculated i.p. with 1 X 10(5) L1210 leukemia cells by 31%. Simultaneous administration of equimolar doses of either N-acetylcysteine or ascorbate given with procarbazine caused no change in the increased mean survival time of tumor-bearing mice. These results indicate a decrease in the toxicity of procarbazine when coadministered with antioxidants, via decreased spermatotoxicity without changing anticancer efficacy. The results also indicate that different mechanisms are involved in the spermatotoxicity and anticancer activity of procarbazine.
Topics: Acetylcysteine; Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutathione; Leukemia L1210; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred DBA; Procarbazine; Spermatozoa
PubMed: 3815355
DOI: No ID Found -
Anti-cancer Drugs Jan 2006The plasma kinetics of procarbazine (PCB) and its major metabolite azo-procarbazine (azo-PCB) were systematically investigated in humans for the first time. Eight...
The plasma kinetics of procarbazine (PCB) and its major metabolite azo-procarbazine (azo-PCB) were systematically investigated in humans for the first time. Eight therapy-refractory tumor patients with normal liver and renal function were given a single oral dose of 300 mg PCB hydrochloride as a drinking solution under fasting conditions. With the exception of the single i.v. administration of 10 mg ondansetron hydrochloride immediately before the administration of PCB, the patients were free of any co-medication 4 weeks before and during the study. PCB and azo-PCB were determined by a specially developed HPLC-UV method. PCB was absorbed very rapidly. Mean maximum plasma concentration was 12.5 min. A high elimination rate of PCB from plasma was found. The mean apparent oral systemic clearance and the plasma elimination half-life were estimated at 35.8 l/min and 9.2 min, respectively. Considerable amounts of azo-PCB are found in the plasma of the eight tumor patients. The mean Cmax and AUC ratios of azo-PCB/PCB were estimated at 5.5 and 45.2. Azo-PCB is formed very rapidly from PCB, but eliminated much more slowly from plasma than PCB. Considerable interindividual differences in the conversion rate of azo-PCB to its further metabolites were observed which should have consequences for the individual tumor therapeutic efficiency of PCB. No toxic side-effects or symptoms such as nausea or vomiting were observed during the entire study.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; Antineoplastic Agents; Area Under Curve; Female; Half-Life; Humans; Male; Metabolic Clearance Rate; Middle Aged; Neoplasms; Procarbazine
PubMed: 16317293
DOI: 10.1097/01.cad.0000181591.85476.aa -
Experimental and Molecular Pathology Feb 1979
Topics: Animals; Male; Meiosis; Procarbazine; Rats; Sertoli Cells; Spermatids; Spermatocytes; Spermatogenesis
PubMed: 421860
DOI: 10.1016/0014-4800(79)90077-7 -
Endocrinology Aug 1995Suppression of spermatogenesis in LBNF1 rats by treatment with the GnRH agonist Zoladex combined with the antiandrogen flutamide was evaluated in order to rapidly...
Suppression of spermatogenesis in LBNF1 rats by treatment with the GnRH agonist Zoladex combined with the antiandrogen flutamide was evaluated in order to rapidly achieve protection of spermatogenic stem cells against procarbazine with clinically used drugs. Zoladex-flutamide treatment required 3 weeks to suppress the completion of spermatogenesis; only a small degree of suppression was observed with Zoladex alone. The suppression of spermatogenesis was reversible. In rats pretreated for 3 weeks with Zoladex-flutamide, the recovery of spermatogenesis at 9 weeks after a single injection of procarbazine as measured by testis weight, testicular sperm head counts, or a histological end point was significantly better than without hormonal pretreatment. Thus Zoladex-flutamide treatment enhanced the recovery of spermatogenesis from stem spermatogonia after procarbazine treatment in the rat and might be applicable to protect spermatogenesis in patients undergoing chemotherapy for cancer.
Topics: Androgen Antagonists; Animals; Drug Combinations; Flutamide; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; Goserelin; Hormones; Male; Procarbazine; Rats; Spermatogenesis; Testis
PubMed: 7628410
DOI: 10.1210/endo.136.8.7628410 -
Transplantation Jul 1981Significantly prolonged canine renal allograft survival can be obtained by donor pretreatment with procarbazine hydrochloride and methylprednisolone. This is thought to...
Significantly prolonged canine renal allograft survival can be obtained by donor pretreatment with procarbazine hydrochloride and methylprednisolone. This is thought to be caused either by a reduced antigenicity of the graft or by a local immunosuppressive effect by drugs transplanted with the graft. In this study a decrease in the number of peripheral donor T and B lymphocytes was observed at the time of procuring. Leukocytes harvested from dogs pretreated with a combination of procarbazine hydrochloride and methylprednisolone showed a decrease in their ability either to stimulate or respond to mixed leukocyte cultures (MLCs). Complete restoration of MLC responses was obtained however by purification and washing of these leukocytes. Sera of pretreated animals were not able to reduce MLC responses. It was concluded that drug metabolites in or on the cells were apparently responsible. A local inhibition of the immunocompetence of host lymphocytes by small amounts of transplanted drug metabolites in or on the graft cells might be responsible for the beneficial effect of donor pretreatment with procarbazine hydrochloride and methylprednisolone. Furthermore, this postulation explains the abrogation of prolonged survival of pretreated grafts after systemic administration of nontreated donor blood or donor leukocyte-free blood, as we reported earlier.
Topics: Animals; B-Lymphocytes; Dogs; Female; Graft Survival; Humans; Kidney Transplantation; Male; Methylprednisolone; Preoperative Care; Procarbazine; T-Lymphocytes; Tissue Donors
PubMed: 7022795
DOI: 10.1097/00007890-198107000-00005 -
Mutation Research 1990Treatment of mice with a single dose of either 4.8 mg/kg of triethylenemelamine (TEM) or 348 mg/kg of procarbazine hydrochloride (PC) induced higher frequencies of... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Treatment of mice with a single dose of either 4.8 mg/kg of triethylenemelamine (TEM) or 348 mg/kg of procarbazine hydrochloride (PC) induced higher frequencies of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MPE) after 48 h than after 24 h. The same observation was made when animals were treated with 1.6 or 8 mg/kg of TEM or 116 or 580 mg/kg of PC for 2 consecutive days (double-dose protocol). Surprisingly, the third dose of either 1.6 or 8 mg/kg of TEM caused lower MPE frequencies at the 72-h than at the 48-h sampling time. The observation that lower MPE frequencies after 72 h were also accompanied by reduced bone marrow toxicity might have reflected a drug-related adaptive reaction of the animals, for example the induction of detoxifying enzymes. Mean MPE frequencies as well as bone marrow toxicity were also slightly decreased after the third dose of either 116 or 580 mg/kg of PC, but statistical analysis showed no differences between the 48-h and the 72-h sampling times as regards the MPE frequencies and bone marrow toxicity. In addition to the high mean MPE frequency observed after 2 doses of 116 mg/kg of PC at the 48-h sampling time, a late increase in micronucleus induction was also seen after triple dosing at the 96-h sampling time. The present experiments with TEM and PC showed similar sensitivity for the multiple-dose assays when compared with the single-dose micronucleus test. In the case of the triple-dose assay, bone marrow toxicity proved to be a critical factor for appropriate dose selection. The computerized image analysis system was a convenient and time-saving tool for the automatic scoring of large quantities of cells for micronuclei as well as for the evaluation of bone marrow depression from the entire cell population analyzed for micronuclei.
Topics: Animals; Bone Marrow; Bone Marrow Cells; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Erythrocytes; Mice; Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective; Micronucleus Tests; Procarbazine; Reference Values; Triethylenemelamine
PubMed: 2366786
DOI: 10.1016/0165-1161(90)90011-c -
Medicine Sep 2020Systematic evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of combined procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine for treating recurrent high-grade glioma.
A comparative study of the effectiveness and safety of combined procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine as a therapeutic method for recurrent high-grade glioma: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.
BACKGROUND
Systematic evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of combined procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine for treating recurrent high-grade glioma.
METHODS
Electronic databases including PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library Central Register of Controlled Trials, WanFang, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were used to search for studies related to the utilization of combined procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine as a therapeutic method for recurrent high-grade glioma. Literature screening, extraction of data, and evaluation of high standard studies were conducted by 2 independent researchers. The robustness and strength of the effectiveness and safety of combined procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine as a therapeutic methodology for recurrent high-grade glioma was assessed based on the odds ratio (OR), mean differences (MDs), and 95% confidence interval (CI). RevMan 5.3 software was used for carrying out the statistical analysis.
RESULTS
These results obtained in this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.
CONCLUSION
Evidently, the conclusion of this study will provide an assessment on whether combined procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine provides an effective and safe form of treatment for recurrent high-grade glioma.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION NUMBER
INPLASY202080078.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Brain Neoplasms; Glioma; Humans; Lomustine; Meta-Analysis as Topic; Neoplasm Grading; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Procarbazine; Systematic Reviews as Topic; Vincristine; Young Adult
PubMed: 32957367
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000022238 -
Blood Oct 1990
Topics: Bleomycin; Cyclophosphamide; Etoposide; Humans; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse; Prednisone; Procarbazine
PubMed: 1698475
DOI: No ID Found