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The Libyan Journal of Medicine Dec 2021This study examined leptin expression in cases of bladder cancer and its diagnostic and prognostic usefulness in bladder malignancies.A set of 128 urinary bladder cancer...
This study examined leptin expression in cases of bladder cancer and its diagnostic and prognostic usefulness in bladder malignancies.A set of 128 urinary bladder cancer cases and 24 normal specimens of bladders were employed for an immunohistochemical investigation of leptin expression in tissue microarrays.Leptin was up-regulated during transformation and was identified as brown cytoplasmic granules in the malignant urothelium of 123 (96%) bladder neoplasms, of which 68 (53.1%) cases showed high levels (moderate to strong) of staining. Strong staining was found to be associated with high stages (P = 0.001), muscularis propria infiltration (P < 0.001), vascular invasion (P < 0.03), lymph node involvement (P < 0.02), metastases (P < 0.05), and mortality (P < 0.03). Furthermore, various important survival distributions were detected with leptin expression in the malignant urothelium (P < 0.03).These pilot results suggest that leptin might be a valid marker for predicting the stage and bad prognoses in bladder carcinoma.
Topics: Carcinoma; Humans; Leptin; Prognosis; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
PubMed: 34229569
DOI: 10.1080/19932820.2021.1949798 -
Scientific Reports Dec 2023Traumatic brain injury (TBI) affects how the brain functions in the short and long term. Resulting patient outcomes across physical, cognitive, and psychological domains...
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) affects how the brain functions in the short and long term. Resulting patient outcomes across physical, cognitive, and psychological domains are complex and often difficult to predict. Major challenges to developing personalized treatment for TBI include distilling large quantities of complex data and increasing the precision with which patient outcome prediction (prognoses) can be rendered. We developed and applied interpretable machine learning methods to TBI patient data. We show that complex data describing TBI patients' intake characteristics and outcome phenotypes can be distilled to smaller sets of clinically interpretable latent factors. We demonstrate that 19 clusters of TBI outcomes can be predicted from intake data, a ~ 6× improvement in precision over clinical standards. Finally, we show that 36% of the outcome variance across patients can be predicted. These results demonstrate the importance of interpretable machine learning applied to deeply characterized patients for data-driven distillation and precision prognosis.
Topics: Humans; Distillation; Brain Injuries, Traumatic; Prognosis; Machine Learning; Phenotype
PubMed: 38040784
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48054-z -
Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2023Low-grade glioma (LGG) is one of the most common brain tumors and often develops into the worst glioblastoma (GBM). Pyroptosis is related to inflammation and...
Low-grade glioma (LGG) is one of the most common brain tumors and often develops into the worst glioblastoma (GBM). Pyroptosis is related to inflammation and immunization. It has been demonstrated to influence the progression of a variety of cancers. However, the value of pyrosis-related genes (PRGs) in LGG remains unclear. Public TCGA-LGG data are used to analyze the differential expression and genetic variation of PRGs in LGG. Subsequently, this paper identifies pyroptosis-related subtypes and constructs prognostic models. This paper analyzes the expression and function of selected CASP5 in LGG and constructs a ceRNA regulatory network. Final CASP5-related immune infiltration analysis and methylation analysis are performed. Most PRGs are differentially expressed and altered in LGG. Subtypes and prognostic models based on PRGs not only have good functions but also have a great connection with immune infiltration. Enrichment analysis of PRGs with prognostic value of LGG also shows functions correlated mainly with immunity and inflammation. CASP5 is significantly differentially expressed in different grades of gliomas and different prognoses. Despite fewer mutations, CASP5 has a clear correlation for both immune cells and immune checkpoint molecules in the LGG microenvironment. Its methylation may also have a role in the prognosis of LGG. This paper shows the association of pyrosis-related subtypes, prognostic models, and genes, with immune infiltration.
Topics: Humans; Pyroptosis; Heartburn; Glioma; Prognosis; Inflammation; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 36820395
DOI: 10.1155/2023/6603151 -
BMC Cancer Nov 2023In nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC), women have a lower incidence and mortality rate than men. Whether sex influences the prognosis of NPC patients remains debatable. We...
BACKGROUND
In nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC), women have a lower incidence and mortality rate than men. Whether sex influences the prognosis of NPC patients remains debatable. We retrospectively examined the influence of sex on treatment-related side effects and prognosis in NPC.
METHODS
Clinical data of 1,462 patients with NPC treated at the Southern Hospital of Southern Medical University from January 2004 to December 2015 were retrospectively examined. Statistical analysis was performed to assess differences in overall survival (OS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), local recurrence-free survival(LRFS), and progression-free survival(PFS), as well as treatment-related adverse effects, including myelosuppression, gastrointestinal responses, and radiation pharyngitis and dermatitis, between men and women.
RESULTS
Women had better 5-year OS (81.5% vs. 87.1%, P = 0.032) and DMFS (76.2% vs. 83.9%, P = 0.004) than men. Analysis by age showed that the prognoses of premenopausal and menopausal women were better than those of men, whereas prognoses of postmenopausal women and men were not significantly different. Additionally, women had a better prognosis when stratified by treatment regimen. Furthermore, chemotherapy-related adverse effects were more severe in women than in men; however, the incidences of radiation laryngitis and dermatitis were not significantly different between the sexes. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the female sex was an independent risk factor for severe myelosuppression and gastrointestinal reactions.
CONCLUSIONS
Chemotherapy-related side effects are more severe but the overall prognosis is better in women with NPC than in men with NPC. Patients may benefit from a personalized treatment approach for NPC.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Nanfang Hospital of the Southern Medical University (NFEC-201,710-K3).
Topics: Male; Humans; Female; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms; Carcinoma; Retrospective Studies; Prognosis; Dermatitis; Neoplasm Staging; Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated
PubMed: 38007428
DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11564-0 -
The Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology... May 2023Colon cancer is a frequently developed malignancy from the digestive system that leads to poor prognosis of patients due to its high recurrence and high metastasis....
BACKGROUND
Colon cancer is a frequently developed malignancy from the digestive system that leads to poor prognosis of patients due to its high recurrence and high metastasis. Dysregulation of ubiquitin-mediated signaling can result in tumor formation and metastasis. We aimed to develop prognostic markers related to ubiquitination in colon cancer and a risk assessment model based on these markers to improve the prognosis of colon cancer patients.
METHODS
We constructed a prognosis-related model by performing differential expression analysis on ubiquitin-related genes in colon cancer patients based on public data and then undertaking Cox analysis, which selected 7 ubiquitin-related prognostic genes (TRIM58, ZBTB7C, TINCR, NEBL, WDR72, KCTD9, and KLHL35). The samples were divided into high and low RiskScore groups according to the risk assessment model, and as Kaplan-Meier suggested, the overall survival of patients with high RiskScore was prominently lower than that of patients with low RiskScore. The accuracy of RiskScore was assessed by receiver operating characteristic curves. Accordingly, the area under the curve values of 1-, 3-, and 5-year were 0.76, 0.74, and 0.77 in the training set and 0.67, 0.66, and 0.74 in the validation set, respectively.
RESULTS
These data confirmed the preferable performance of this prognostic model in predicting colon cancer patients' prognoses. The relationship between this RiskScore and clinicopathological factors of colon cancer patients was analyzed via stratification. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to determine whether this RiskScore could be applied as an independent prognostic factor. Finally, in order to better apply the prognostic model in clinical practice, we constructed an overall survival nomogram for colon cancer patients' prognoses based on clinical factors and RiskScores, which has preferable prediction accuracy and is better than the traditional tumor, node, and metastasis (TNM) staging system.
CONCLUSIONS
The overall survival nomogram for prognosis can assist clinical oncologists to make a more accurate evaluation of patients' prognosis, as well as the implementation of individualized diagnosis and treatment for colon cancer patients.
Topics: Humans; Ubiquitin; Colonic Neoplasms; Prognosis; Nomograms; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
PubMed: 37158531
DOI: 10.5152/tjg.2023.22465 -
[Assessment of Prognosis after Surgical Treatment for Colorectal Liver Metastasis Using a Nomogram].Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. Cancer &... Dec 2019A nomogram is a statistical tool that can provide the specific outcomes of individual patients. In this study, we used a nomogram developed by Beppu et al to evaluate...
A nomogram is a statistical tool that can provide the specific outcomes of individual patients. In this study, we used a nomogram developed by Beppu et al to evaluate the prognoses of 38 patients who underwent hepaticresec tion at our hospital. This nomogram predicts disease-free survival(DFS)after hepatic resection for colorectal liver metastasis based on 6 clinical and oncological factors. Using this nomogram, we divided the 38 patients into 3 groups: Group N, actual DFS was almost similar to the estimated median DFS(EMDFS)provided by the nomogram; Group A, DFS was longer than EMDFS; and Group B, DFS was shorter than EMDFS. Then, we compared and analyzed clinical and oncological factors between Groups A and B. Group B patients tended to have single metastasis and non-normal levels of CA19-9. Besides, Group B patients had DFS shorter than approximately 2 years. These results suggest that if CA19-9 levels are not normalized after hepaticresec tion for single metastasis, we should consider careful observation and adjuvant chemotherapy for potential micrometastasis.
Topics: Colorectal Neoplasms; Disease-Free Survival; Hepatectomy; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Nomograms; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 32157038
DOI: No ID Found -
Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi [Chinese... Jul 2020To explore the clinical characteristics, therapeutic methods and prognosis of pleuropulmonary blastoma in children. The clinical data of 28 patients with...
To explore the clinical characteristics, therapeutic methods and prognosis of pleuropulmonary blastoma in children. The clinical data of 28 patients with pleuropulmonary blastoma diagnosed in Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre from November 2008 to May 2018 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. Of the 28 patients, 18 were male and 10 were female, aged from 22 days to 5 years 10 month, the average age was 2 years 6 months. One patient underwent biopsy and other 27 underwent operation, 14 patients with type Ⅱ/Ⅲ pleuropulmonary blastoma received postoperative chemotherapy. Five patients were pathologically diagnosed as typeⅠpleuropulmonary blastoma, 5 were type Ⅱ pleuropulmonary blastoma and 18 were type Ⅲ pleuropulmonary blastoma. During the follow-up period of 24 patients, 15 patients were disease free survival, 3 patients relapsed within 6 months, 10 months and 18 months after chemotherapy, respectively. One patient who received postoperative chemotherapy suffered a bone metastasis within 11 months, 2 patient without chemotherapy relapsed within 2 months and suffered bone or renal metastasis within 3 months, respectively. Three patients who left hospital voluntarily died within 1 month. Pleuropulmonary blastoma is a highly malignant and rapidly progressed neoplasm. Patients with type Ⅰ pleuropulmonary blastoma have good prognoses while the prognoses of Ⅱ/Ⅲ pleuropulmonary blastoma are poor. Postoperative chemotherapy seems to improve the survival of patients withⅡ/Ⅲ pleuropulmonary blastoma.
Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Disease-Free Survival; Female; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Prognosis; Pulmonary Blastoma; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 32842446
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20190316-00165 -
Journal of Psychosomatic Research Oct 2023The relationship between quality of life (QoL) and long-term prognosis in stroke patients is still unclear. We explored physical and mental QoL trajectories during the...
PURPOSE
The relationship between quality of life (QoL) and long-term prognosis in stroke patients is still unclear. We explored physical and mental QoL trajectories during the first six months after stroke and determined the associations between trajectories and long-term prognosis in patients with first-ever ischemic stroke.
METHODS
Included were 733 participants from a prospective study. QoL was assessed with the 12-item Short Form Survey (SF-12) at baseline, 3 and 6 months. Patients' prognoses (stroke recurrence and death) were identified from 2010 to 2021. The latent class growth model (LCGM) was used to identify distinct trajectories of physical and mental QoL measured over the first 6 months. We employed the Cox model or Fine-Gray model for prognoses to examine the associations between QoL trajectories and prognosis.
RESULTS
Five trajectories of physical QoL and five trajectories of mental QoL were identified. For physical QoL of the Poor-Improved, and Moderate-Impaired trajectory versus Moderate-Improved trajectory, the hazard ratio (HR) for death was 2.39 (1.14 to 5.02), and 2.03(0.93 to 4.44); the HR for recurrence was 1.56 (0.83 to 2.94) and 2.33 (1.28 to 4.24). For mental QoL of the Moderate-Impaired trajectory versus the Moderate-Improved trajectory, the HR for death was 2.48 (1.21 to 5.07). The results were robust in the sensitivity analysis.
CONCLUSION
QoL during the first six months after ischemic stroke can be categorized into distinct groups. Change in QoL was associated with long-term survival. Secondary prevention of recurrent strokes might rely more on improving patients' physical QoL.
Topics: Humans; Quality of Life; Prospective Studies; Stroke; Prognosis; Ischemic Stroke
PubMed: 37647831
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2023.111466 -
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation... May 2024Predicting motor outcomes after stroke based on clinical judgment alone is often inaccurate and can lead to inefficient and inequitable allocation of rehabilitation... (Review)
Review
Predicting motor outcomes after stroke based on clinical judgment alone is often inaccurate and can lead to inefficient and inequitable allocation of rehabilitation resources. Prediction tools are being developed so that clinicians can make evidence-based, accurate, and reproducible prognoses for individual patients. Biomarkers of corticospinal tract structure and function can improve prediction tool performance, particularly for patients with initially moderate to severe motor impairment. Being able to make accurate predictions for individual patients supports rehabilitation planning and communication with patients and families.
Topics: Humans; Stroke; Stroke Rehabilitation; Biomarkers; Prognosis; Pyramidal Tracts; Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation; Recovery of Function
PubMed: 38514217
DOI: 10.1016/j.pmr.2023.06.003 -
Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi Feb 2009Multiple myeloma (MM) is a common disease with various prognoses. Accurate prognosis judgement is of great significance for clinical treatment. In this review,... (Review)
Review
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a common disease with various prognoses. Accurate prognosis judgement is of great significance for clinical treatment. In this review, summarized most recent progress on evaluating index of this disease from aspects of age, tumor load, cytogenetic disturbance, serological analysis, CD antigens, non-invasive physical examinations, staging system and so on were summarized in order to provide new information on treatment and prognosis evaluation of this disease.
Topics: Humans; Multiple Myeloma; Neoplasm Staging; Prognosis
PubMed: 19236792
DOI: No ID Found