-
The Medical Journal of Australia May 1955
Topics: Cesarean Section; Delivery, Obstetric; Dystocia; Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications
PubMed: 14382888
DOI: No ID Found -
Revista Colombiana de Obstetricia Y... 1968
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Colombia; Female; Hernia, Umbilical; Humans; Infant Mortality; Labor Presentation; Maternal Mortality; Obstetric Labor Complications; Pregnancy; Prenatal Care
PubMed: 5713410
DOI: No ID Found -
American Journal of Obstetrics and... Dec 1951
Topics: Cesarean Section; Delivery, Obstetric; Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Umbilical Cord
PubMed: 14885339
DOI: 10.1016/0002-9378(51)90075-0 -
American Journal of Obstetrics and... Sep 1991The current management of umbilical cord prolapse centers on attempts to alleviate the pressure of the presenting part on the cord while preparation for cesarean section...
The current management of umbilical cord prolapse centers on attempts to alleviate the pressure of the presenting part on the cord while preparation for cesarean section is being made. A 10-year experience in which there were vigorous attempts to accomplish safe vaginal delivery after the diagnosis of umbilical cord prolapse is presented. Eight cases of umbilical cord prolapse occurred, a frequency of 1 in 277 deliveries (0.37%), all of which had a normal immediate neonatal outcome. Vaginal delivery was accomplished in seven patients (87.5%); diagnosis was made in two of them when delivery was imminent. Five patients were more remote from delivery and had successful funic reduction (manual replacement of the prolapsed cord). Funic reduction is proposed as a potentially beneficial initial step in the management of umbilical cord prolapse.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Female; Fetal Monitoring; Humans; Methods; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Pregnancy Outcome; Prolapse; Risk Factors; Umbilical Cord
PubMed: 1892193
DOI: 10.1016/0002-9378(91)90303-9 -
Archives of Physical Medicine and... Jan 2004Fibrocartilaginous embolism is a rare cause of spinal cord infarction. It is postulated that an acute vertical disk herniation of the nucleus pulposus material can lead... (Review)
Review
Fibrocartilaginous embolism is a rare cause of spinal cord infarction. It is postulated that an acute vertical disk herniation of the nucleus pulposus material can lead to spinal cord infarction by a retrograde embolization to the central artery. An increased intradiskal pressure resulting from axial loading of the vertebral column with a concomitant Valsalva maneuver is thought to be the initiating event for the embolus. We present a previously healthy 16-year-old boy with sudden onset of back pain and progressive paraparesis within 36 hours after lifting exercises in a squat position. His clinical presentation and neuroimaging studies were consistent with spinal cord infarction resulting from a central artery embolus at the T8 spinal cord level. Laboratory investigation showed no evidence of infectious, autoimmune, inflammatory, or neoplastic causes. Although no histologic confirmation was obtained, lack of evidence for other plausible diagnoses in the setting of his clinical presentation and in the magnetic resonance imaging findings made fibrocartilaginous embolism myelopathy the most likely diagnosis. We postulated that some cases of transverse myelitis might actually be fibrocartilaginous embolism, making it a more prevalent cause of an acute myelopathy than commonly recognized. Relevant literature and current theories regarding the pathogenesis of fibrocartilaginous embolism myelopathy are reviewed.
Topics: Adolescent; Cartilage; Embolism; Humans; Infarction; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Prolapse; Spinal Cord; Spinal Cord Diseases
PubMed: 14970983
DOI: 10.1016/s0003-9993(03)00289-2 -
Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine Jun 2006Labour is one of the shortest yet most hazardous journeys humans take during their lifetime. Currently, our methods of identifying those fetuses at particular risk of... (Review)
Review
Labour is one of the shortest yet most hazardous journeys humans take during their lifetime. Currently, our methods of identifying those fetuses at particular risk of compromise during labour are limited. Antepartum tests of placental reserve give little information about an individual fetus's ability to cope with passage through the birth canal and some might already have received a silent insult earlier in the pregnancy that places them at increased risk. In addition to the normal processes of labour, other, more unpredictable factors can act to place the fetus in acute danger.
Topics: Birth Injuries; Dystocia; Episiotomy; Female; Fetal Diseases; Fetal Distress; Humans; Labor, Obstetric; Obstetric Labor Complications; Postpartum Hemorrhage; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Multiple; Prolapse; Shoulder Injuries; Umbilical Cord; Uterine Rupture
PubMed: 16600703
DOI: 10.1016/j.siny.2006.01.003 -
La Revue Du Praticien Dec 2006The number of twin pregnancies is still increasing. This should not be assessed only as therapeutic success but also as complex obstetrical challenges. The main...
The number of twin pregnancies is still increasing. This should not be assessed only as therapeutic success but also as complex obstetrical challenges. The main difficulties encountered are dystocic presentations, dystocic labours, and cord prolapses. Specific multiple pregnancy dystocias as chin-to-chin interlocking twins and conjoined twins are very rare. Twin delivery is substantially worse when compared with singleton delivery, with increased morbidity and mortality principally involving the second twin. Labour induction is possible, and should be indicated between the 38th and 39th weeks of gestation. Caesarean section should be done easily, especially in case of prematurity or in case of breech presentation for the first twin. Excepting these cases and the usual caesarean section indications, there is no demonstrated superiority of the caesarean section delivery compared to the vaginal delivery. When needed, internal version and/or breech extraction should be done with intact membranes. Active management of the third stage is necessary, due to uterine surdistension easily leading to uterine atonia.
Topics: Cesarean Section; Delivery, Obstetric; Dystocia; Female; Humans; Labor Presentation; Labor, Induced; Obstetric Labor Complications; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Multiple; Prolapse; Twins; Umbilical Cord
PubMed: 17352322
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Spine Surgery (Hong Kong) Sep 2017Intervertebral disc prolapse is a common cause of both acute and chronic low back pain. This can result in differential grades of motor and sensory disturbances in lower...
Intervertebral disc prolapse is a common cause of both acute and chronic low back pain. This can result in differential grades of motor and sensory disturbances in lower limbs and even cauda equina syndrome (CES). The neurological manifestations are a result of compression of the spinal cord and roots ventrally in the spinal canal due to the prolapsed disc. However, neurologic deficits owing to compression of the spinal cord dorsally as a result of migration of sequestrated disc fragments are very rare. We present two different cases of back pain with severe neurologic deficit referred to us within a short span of one month. Among them, one had long standing history of back pain while other had none. Both patients were investigated and found to have a sequestrated disc fragment which had dorsally migrated to the epidural space and was causing severe compression of the spinal cord. They underwent laminectomy and removal of the sequestrated fragment. However, they were only partially relieved of their motor and bladder weakness. We present our cases to highlight this rare form of lumbar epidural intervertebral disc migration, as well as enumerate the diagnostic challenges and discuss the differential diagnosis and treatment.
PubMed: 29057364
DOI: 10.21037/jss.2017.08.07 -
The Journal of Reproductive Medicine May 2005To assess the incidence, risk factors and outcomes of umbilical cord prolapse in current obstetric practice.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the incidence, risk factors and outcomes of umbilical cord prolapse in current obstetric practice.
STUDY DESIGN
This study was a retrospective chart review at both a community hospital and a tertiary referral center.
RESULTS
There were 52 cases of cord prolapse in our patient population, for an incidence of 3.0/1,000, similar to that in the literature. Of viable singleton pregnancies with frank prolapse, the rate was 1.6/1,000. In this series we found an approximately 40% higher rate of frank cord prolapse in induced patients at the community hospital than in the general population. Other than 2 fetal deaths related to extreme prematurity, all mothers and infants did well.
CONCLUSION
The higher incidence of cord prolapse among women with induction of labor in this population merits further study. The lack of significant morbidity and mortality in the study suggests that modern obstetric practices may influenced the natural history of umbilical cord prolapse.
Topics: Adult; Female; Fetal Death; Humans; Incidence; Infant, Newborn; Labor, Induced; Parity; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Premature Birth; Prolapse; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Treatment Outcome; Umbilical Cord
PubMed: 15971477
DOI: No ID Found -
BJOG : An International Journal of... Dec 2014Umbilical cord prolapse is an acute obstetrical emergency requiring rapid identification and intervention. Its management has undergone significant changes over the past...
OBJECTIVE
Umbilical cord prolapse is an acute obstetrical emergency requiring rapid identification and intervention. Its management has undergone significant changes over the past century. This study aims to document the changes in incidence, morbidity, and perinatal mortality over a 69-year period.
DESIGN
A retrospective review of the annual clinical reports of the National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland, was performed.
SETTING
The National Maternity hospital was founded in 1894 and has nearly 10,000 deliveries each year.
POPULATION
All deliveries in the hospital for each year are included in each annual report.
METHODS
We reviewed the reports from a 69-year period (1940-2009). Information from the reports was collated into a database and analysed using Microsoft excel 2007.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Incidence and outcome of all cases of umbilical cord prolapse were recorded, along with the neurological outcome of all neonatal survivors (available since 1970).
RESULTS
The incidence of cord prolapse has decreased from 6.4/1000 live births in the 1940s to 1.7/1000 [corrected] live births in the last decade. Perinatal survival increased from 46 to 94% in the same period of time. This is inversely related to the use of caesarean section as the recommended method of delivery in this emergency. Short- and long-term neurological impairment remains rare.
CONCLUSIONS
There has been a large reduction in the incidence of cord prolapse over a period of 69 years. A reduction in grand multiparity and use of caesarean section as the gold standard for delivery are likely to have accounted for the changes seen. Neurological impairment remains unusual.
Topics: Cesarean Section; Cohort Studies; Female; Humans; Incidence; Ireland; Obstetric Labor Complications; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Prolapse; Retrospective Studies; Umbilical Cord
PubMed: 24931454
DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.12890