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Applied Microbiology Nov 1961Twenty-five bacterial species were cultured in basal broth plus 1 of 19 different carbohydrates which were sterilized by Seitz filtration, autoclaving (112 C, 10 min),...
Twenty-five bacterial species were cultured in basal broth plus 1 of 19 different carbohydrates which were sterilized by Seitz filtration, autoclaving (112 C, 10 min), or exposure to 0.2% beta-propiolactone (BPL). No significant differences were found either in the visual observations for acid and gas, pH, or titrable acidity determinations after 3 days of incubation with any of the three preparations tested. An effort was made to further determine the effect of BPL and heat on carbohydrates by assaying for glucose before and after treatment. Results indicated that glucose was not degraded by 0.2% BPL, however, it was shown that autoclave temperatures caused extensive degradation. Statistical treatment of the results from Warburg studies indicated that BPL-treated glucose showed no appreciable toxic effects, although the actual oxygen uptake was not as great as with Seitz- or autoclave-treated glucose. The application of the BPL sterilization process was discussed.
Topics: Culture Media; Fermentation; Lactones; Propiolactone; Sterilization; Temperature
PubMed: 13907502
DOI: 10.1128/am.9.6.534-537.1961 -
British Journal of Cancer Jun 1956
Topics: Animals; Carcinogens; Neoplasms, Experimental; Propiolactone; Propionates; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 13364127
DOI: 10.1038/bjc.1956.41 -
Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta Jan 2014Beta-propiolactone (BPL) is commonly used as an inactivating reagent to produce viral vaccines. Although BPL has been described to chemically modify nucleic acids, its...
Beta-propiolactone (BPL) is commonly used as an inactivating reagent to produce viral vaccines. Although BPL has been described to chemically modify nucleic acids, its effect on viral proteins, potentially affecting viral infectivity, remains poorly studied. Here, a H3N2 strain of influenza virus was submitted to treatment with various BPL concentrations (2-1000μM). Cell infectivity was progressively reduced and entirely abolished at 1mM BPL. Virus fusion with endosome being a critical step in virus infection, we analyzed its ability to fuse with lipid membrane after BPL treatment. By monitoring calcein leakage from liposomes fusing with the virus, we measured a decrease of membrane fusion in a BPL dose-dependent manner that correlates with the loss of infectivity. These data were complemented with cryo transmission electron microscopy (cryoTEM) and cryo electron tomography (cryoET) studies of native and modified viruses. In addition, a decrease of leakage irrespective of BPL concentration was measured suggesting that the insertion of HA2 fusion peptide into the target membrane was inhibited even at low BPL concentrations. Interestingly, mass spectrometry revealed that HA2 and M1 matrix proteins had been modified. Furthermore, fusion activity was partially restored by the protonophore monensin as confirmed by cryoTEM and cryoET. Moreover, exposure to amantadine, an inhibitor of M2 channel, did not alter membrane fusion activity of 1mM BPL treated virus. Taken together these results show that BPL treatment inhibits membrane fusion, likely by altering function of proteins involved in the fusion process, shedding new light on the effect of BPL on influenza virus.
Topics: Amantadine; Amino Acid Sequence; Cryoelectron Microscopy; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Fluoresceins; Hemagglutinins, Viral; Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype; Liposomes; Molecular Sequence Data; Monensin; Permeability; Propiolactone; Viral Matrix Proteins; Virus Internalization
PubMed: 24140008
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.09.021 -
Carcinogenesis 1981The reaction of deoxyadenosine with beta-propiolactone produces two derivatives. One is 1-(2-carboxyethyl)-2'-deoxyadenosine (CEdA) first described by Maté, et al. The...
The reaction of deoxyadenosine with beta-propiolactone produces two derivatives. One is 1-(2-carboxyethyl)-2'-deoxyadenosine (CEdA) first described by Maté, et al. The proposed structure for the other is 3-(beta-D-2-deoxyribosyl)-7,8-dihydropyrimido-[2,l-i]purine-9-one (dDPP). Spectral characteristics of both compounds are presented. These include u.v. spectra of each in acidic, neutral and alkaline solutions, i.r. spectra, fluorescence spectra, and n.m.r. spectra. The extinction coefficient for CEdA is 12,900 M--1cm--1 at 258 nm and that for dDPP is 12,400 M--1cm--1 at 305 nm. The dDPP can be converted to CEdA by mild acid hydrolysis, and the CEdA can be converted to dDPP by reaction with a carbodiimide derivative. When poly A was reacted with beta-propiolactone, the yield of dDPP in the polymer was 7-9%. When double-stranded DNA was alkylated by [3H]beta-propiolactone at relatively high concentrations and then acid hydrolyzed to separate 1-(2-carboxyethyl)adenine (CEA) and 7-(2-carboxyethyl)guanine (CEG), a CEA to CEG ratio of up to 0.62 was obtained. With relatively low concentrations of [3H]beta-propiolactone, the yield of CEA was low with double-stranded DNA but was 5--6 fold greater with single-stranded DNA.
Topics: Adenine; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; DNA; Lactones; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Propiolactone; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Spectrophotometry, Infrared; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
PubMed: 7273300
DOI: 10.1093/carcin/2.2.73 -
Journal of Virological Methods Jan 2021Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome - coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to affect many countries...
BACKGROUND
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome - coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to affect many countries and large populations. Serologic assays for antibody detection aid patient diagnosis and seroepidemiologic investigations.
METHODS
An indirect IgG ELISA was developed indigenously using β-propiolactone (BPL) inactivated SARS-CoV-2. This assay was used for screening 200 healthy donor sera collected prior to COVID-19 emergence (2017-2019), 185 serum/plasma samples of confirmed COVID-19 patients (n = 137) and 57 samples of viral RNA positive asymptomatic contacts (n = 51). The IgG response was studied in relation to duration and severity of illness.
RESULTS
The ELISA demonstrated 97 % specificity and IgG detection in >50 %, 80 %, 93.8 % and 100 % of the patients respectively during the first, second, third and fourth week of illness. IgG detection rate was higher in patients with severe disease (SD, 90.9 %) than those with mild disease (MD, 68.8 %) during the second week of illness (P = 0.027). IgG seropositivity among asymptomatic contacts was 64.7 %. IgG ELISA absorbance values were higher in SD than MD patients during the first 2 weeks of illness (P < 0.05). No significant difference was observed between the absorbance values of asymptomatic subjects and MD patients (P = 0.94).
CONCLUSION
The BPL inactivated virus-based ELISA could detect IgG antibodies early and in a significant proportion of COVID-19 patients suggesting its potential utility as a supplement to the currently used viral RNA detection tests in patient diagnosis and contact screening algorithms.
Topics: Antibodies, Viral; COVID-19; COVID-19 Serological Testing; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Propiolactone; SARS-CoV-2; Sensitivity and Specificity; Seroepidemiologic Studies; Virus Inactivation
PubMed: 33126149
DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2020.113996 -
Vaccine 1993The effects of beta-propiolactone (BPL), an alkylating and virus inactivating agent, on the structural and in vitro biological properties of different DNA preparations...
The effects of beta-propiolactone (BPL), an alkylating and virus inactivating agent, on the structural and in vitro biological properties of different DNA preparations from BHK-21 cells were investigated. Both uninfected and rabies virus-infected cells were used. Purified cellular DNA (celDNA) was used as the reference, and supernatants from infected cells were treated with BPL. For structural and biological studies three types of DNA preparation were tested: celDNA; purified DNA from cell (infected or uninfected) supernatant (pcsDNA) with or without BPL treatment; and residual cell DNA present in purified rabies virus (inactivated or not) preparations. Rabies infection and BPL (diluted 1:4000) treatment induced modifications in the structure of the three DNA types, including strand breaks and nicks. The damage to the DNA structure by BPL modifies the biological properties of the pcsDNA appraised by its ability to serve as the template in vitro for different polymerases. When rabies virus was inactivated with BPL diluted 1:1000 the DNA damage increased dramatically: small double-stranded DNA fragments (50-200 base pairs) were generated which could not function as templates for polymerases.
Topics: Animals; Cell Line; DNA; DNA Damage; Molecular Structure; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Propiolactone; Rabies Vaccines; Rabies virus; Vaccines, Inactivated
PubMed: 8427040
DOI: 10.1016/0264-410x(93)90343-v -
Applied Microbiology Oct 1971The biological properties (infectivity, hemagglutination, hemolysis, cell fusion, neuraminidase) of Sendai virus were dissociated on the basis of sensitivity to...
The biological properties (infectivity, hemagglutination, hemolysis, cell fusion, neuraminidase) of Sendai virus were dissociated on the basis of sensitivity to beta-propiolactone, by freeze-thawing, by heating at different temperatures, and by adsorption-elution with formalinized chicken erythrocytes. Possible mechanisms whereby beta-propiolactone selectively destroys viral infectivity are discussed.
Topics: Alkylating Agents; Amnion; Animals; Cell Fusion; Cell Line; Chick Embryo; Chickens; Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral; Erythrocytes; Fibroblasts; Formaldehyde; Freezing; Guinea Pigs; Hemadsorption; Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; Hemagglutination Tests; Hemagglutinins, Viral; Hemolysis; Heterocyclic Compounds; Hot Temperature; Humans; Lactones; Neuraminidase; Parainfluenza Virus 1, Human; Propionates; Spectrophotometry
PubMed: 4331771
DOI: 10.1128/am.22.4.618-621.1971 -
Anti-inflammatory & Anti-allergy Agents... 2015
Topics: Bacteria; Biological Therapy; Biotechnology; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Fungi; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; Humans; Italy; Male; Phytotherapy; Plants; Polyketides; Propiolactone
PubMed: 26213734
DOI: 10.2174/187152301401150522123412 -
Journal of Clinical Pathology Sep 2002alpha1 Antitrypsin was undetectable in several patient samples treated with 0.5% beta propiolactone, which was used as a virucidal agent. This study was designed to...
AIMS
alpha1 Antitrypsin was undetectable in several patient samples treated with 0.5% beta propiolactone, which was used as a virucidal agent. This study was designed to confirm beta propiolactone as the cause and determine why it might have such an effect.
METHODS
Volumes of 0, 5, 10, and 20 micro l of beta propiolactone were added to 2 ml aliquots of serum to make final concentrations of 0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1% of beta propiolactone. alpha1 Antitrypsin concentrations and the pH were measured at different time intervals. The effects of adding buffer before the addition of beta propiolactone, NaOH after beta propiolactone, and 6M HCl instead of beta propiolactone were also measured.
RESULTS
The addition of beta propiolactone to a volunteer's serum showed a fall in both alpha1 antitrypsin values and pH with increasing time and concentration of beta propiolactone. This effect was also seen when adding HCl, but was partially prevented by buffering the serum or adding NaOH.
CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that it is the acidity of the degradation products of beta propiolactone that is responsible for the fall in alpha1 antitrypsin values. This fall in alpha1 antitrypsin values was dependent on the concentration of beta propiolactone used and the length of time before the test was performed. The effect of beta propiolactone on laboratory tests should be re-evaluated, with attention being paid to sample pH, storage time, and storage temperature.
Topics: Disinfectants; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Propiolactone; Time Factors; alpha 1-Antitrypsin
PubMed: 12194994
DOI: 10.1136/jcp.55.9.659 -
Applied Microbiology Jul 1961Data are presented to show that beta-propiolactone when properly applied is a very effective agent for sterilization of regenerated collagen sutures. The chemical...
Data are presented to show that beta-propiolactone when properly applied is a very effective agent for sterilization of regenerated collagen sutures. The chemical sterilization is accomplished with little or none of the loss in strength encountered with heat sterilization. The finished sterile suture is obtained without any harmful residue that might be detrimental to the patient.
Topics: Collagen; Humans; Lactones; Propiolactone; Sterilization; Sutures
PubMed: 13686364
DOI: 10.1128/am.9.4.269-272.1961