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The Journal of Infectious Diseases May 1987We examined the antibody response to a rabies vaccine doubly inactivated with 0.025% beta-propiolactone and 0.1% tri(n)butyl phosphate and stabilized with 2.5% human...
We examined the antibody response to a rabies vaccine doubly inactivated with 0.025% beta-propiolactone and 0.1% tri(n)butyl phosphate and stabilized with 2.5% human serum albumin. Antibodies were measured by using the following four antigen preparations: complete doubly inactivated rabies vaccine, rabies vaccine inactivated only with tri(n)butyl phosphate, beta-propiolactone and human serum albumin, and human serum albumin alone. The fluid phase of the preparation of beta-propiolactone and human serum albumin completely inhibited IgE binding to solid-phase vaccine. Of 21 subjects with urticarial reactions to a booster, 19 had IgE to doubly inactivated vaccine and to beta-propiolactone and human serum albumin. None of 27 immunized subjects without urticaria had detectable IgE. In paired pre- and postimmunization sera, IgE appeared in six of seven of the subjects with urticaria and in one of seven nonreactors. These sera did not contain a significant level of IgE to singly inactivated vaccine or to human serum albumin alone.
Topics: Antibodies, Viral; Humans; Immunization, Secondary; Immunoglobulin E; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulins; Lactones; Neutralization Tests; Propiolactone; Rabies Vaccines; Rabies virus; Serum Albumin; Urticaria
PubMed: 3559291
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/155.5.909 -
Applied Microbiology May 1960
Topics: Disinfectants; Disinfection; Gases; Humans; Lactones; Propiolactone; Sterilization
PubMed: 13833363
DOI: 10.1128/am.8.3.152-155.1960 -
Proceedings of the Society For... May 1952
Topics: Biological Phenomena; Fungi; Physiological Phenomena; Propiolactone; Propionates; Pseudomonas aeruginosa
PubMed: 14930106
DOI: 10.3181/00379727-80-19556 -
Canadian Journal of Microbiology Oct 1957
Topics: Humans; Influenza Vaccines; Influenza, Human; Mumps; Poliomyelitis; Propiolactone; Propionates; Vaccines
PubMed: 13472511
DOI: 10.1139/m57-095 -
Journal - Association of Official... 1991A method has been developed for the determination of beta-propiolactone by derivatizing it to the volatile N-hexyl-3-heptafluorobutanoyloxypropanamide, which can be...
A method has been developed for the determination of beta-propiolactone by derivatizing it to the volatile N-hexyl-3-heptafluorobutanoyloxypropanamide, which can be separated and identified by a capillary CP-Sil 8 column, and detected by an electron capture detector (ECD). First, beta-propiolactone is reacted with N-hexylamine to yield N-hexyl-3-hydroxypropanamide. The fluorobutanoyl ester derivative is next prepared by using heptafluorobutyric acid anhydride in the presence of trimethylamine. The method is very sensitive, simple, and specific, and can be used to detect and quantitate residual beta-propiolactone in lyophilized biological materials. The limit of detection is 0.2 ppm beta-propiolactone in a 50 mg sample; however, because of variability at low levels, the limit of quantitation is 1 ppm. Detector response was linear for 2-500 mg beta-propiolactone. Recoveries were 98% or greater from lyophilized vaccines spiked at the 2-20 ppm level. No side products or interference peaks were observed in the derivatization reaction.
Topics: Chromatography, Gas; Drug Stability; Humans; Microchemistry; Propiolactone; Reproducibility of Results; Vaccines; Viruses
PubMed: 1917805
DOI: No ID Found -
Mayo Clinic Proceedings Jan 1966
Topics: Animals; Carcinogens; Lactones; Mice; Sterilization; Transplantation, Homologous
PubMed: 5901615
DOI: No ID Found -
Cancer Research Aug 1987Studies have been initiated to find compounds that can trap direct-acting carcinogens within the stomach. Sodium thiosulfate (STS) is a potent nucleophile and in initial...
Studies have been initiated to find compounds that can trap direct-acting carcinogens within the stomach. Sodium thiosulfate (STS) is a potent nucleophile and in initial experiments was found to inhibit mutagenesis resulting from exposure of Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100 to the direct-acting carcinogens beta-propiolactone and styrene oxide. In in vitro experiments STS was shown to maintain its nucleophilicity in the acid pH range. It reacted with beta-propiolactone as rapidly at pH 2 as at pH 7.4. Thus STS has the prerequisite attributes to inhibit the carcinogenic effects of electrophiles in the stomach. Experiments were performed in which STS was administered by p.o. intubation to female A/J mice 5 min before p.o. administration of beta-propiolactone. Under these conditions, inhibition of formation of the forestomach tumors occurred. The data obtained suggest that use of nucleophiles to protect against direct-acting carcinogens is a potential strategy for chemoprevention.
Topics: Animals; Female; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Lactones; Mice; Mutation; Propiolactone; Stomach Neoplasms; Thiosulfates
PubMed: 3607767
DOI: No ID Found -
Vaccine 1993The influence of beta-propiolactone action on the immunogenic and protective activity of the influenza virus A/WSN/33 (H1N1) has been studied. The production of...
The influence of beta-propiolactone action on the immunogenic and protective activity of the influenza virus A/WSN/33 (H1N1) has been studied. The production of antibodies against virion surface antigens in mice immunized intramuscularly by the modified virus was enhanced with the increase of inoculating dose from 6 x 10(7) to 1.5 x 10(8) viral particles per animal. The immunizing dose of 6 x 10(7) produced complete protection of immunized animals against a lethal challenge of A/WSN/33 virus. The inhibition of virus reproduction in animal lungs was increased with the increase of the virus immunizing dose up to 6 x 10(8). At a constant dose the inhibition of virus reproduction decreases with the increase of the virus modification extent.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Viral; Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; Genome, Viral; Influenza A virus; Influenza Vaccines; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Orthomyxoviridae Infections; Propiolactone; Vaccines, Inactivated; Virus Replication
PubMed: 8447162
DOI: 10.1016/0264-410x(93)90197-6 -
Viruses Feb 2023Inactivated vaccines are promising tools for tackling the COVID-19 pandemic. We applied several protocols for SARS-CoV-2 inactivation (by β-propiolactone, formaldehyde,...
Inactivated vaccines are promising tools for tackling the COVID-19 pandemic. We applied several protocols for SARS-CoV-2 inactivation (by β-propiolactone, formaldehyde, and UV radiation) and examined the morphology of viral spikes, protein composition of the preparations, and their immunoreactivity in ELISA using two panels of sera collected from convalescents and people vaccinated by Sputnik V. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) allowed us to distinguish wider flail-like spikes (supposedly the S-protein's pre-fusion conformation) from narrower needle-like ones (the post-fusion state). While the flails were present in all preparations studied, the needles were highly abundant in the β-propiolactone-inactivated samples only. Structural proteins S, N, and M of SARS-CoV-2 were detected via mass spectrometry. Formaldehyde and UV-inactivated samples demonstrated the highest affinity/immunoreactivity against the convalescent sera, while β-propiolactone (1:2000, 36 h) and UV-inactivated ones were more active against the sera of people vaccinated with Sputnik V. A higher concentration of β-propiolactone (1:1000, 2 h) led to a loss of antigenic affinity for both serum panels. Thus, although we did not analyze native SARS-CoV-2 for biosafety reasons, our comparative approach helped to exclude some destructive inactivation conditions and select suitable variants for future animal research. We believe that TEM is a valuable tool for inactivated COVID-19 vaccine quality control during the downstream manufacturing process.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus; Vaccines, Inactivated; COVID-19; COVID-19 Serotherapy; COVID-19 Vaccines; Pandemics; Propiolactone; SARS-CoV-2; Formaldehyde
PubMed: 36851694
DOI: 10.3390/v15020480 -
Transactions of the Royal Society of... Dec 2006The efficacy and safety of two whole IgG polyvalent antivenoms (A and B) were compared in a randomised, blinded clinical trial in 67 patients systemically envenomed by... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Randomized Controlled Trial
Efficacy and safety of two whole IgG polyvalent antivenoms, refined by caprylic acid fractionation with or without beta-propiolactone, in the treatment of Bothrops asper bites in Colombia.
The efficacy and safety of two whole IgG polyvalent antivenoms (A and B) were compared in a randomised, blinded clinical trial in 67 patients systemically envenomed by Bothrops asper in Colombia. Both antivenoms were fractionated by caprylic acid precipitation and had similar neutralising potencies, protein concentrations and aggregate contents. Antivenom B was additionally treated with beta-propiolactone to lower its anticomplementary activity. Analysing all treatment regimens together, there were no significant differences between the two antivenoms (A=34 patients; B=33 patients) in the time taken to reverse venom-induced bleeding and coagulopathy, to restore physiological fibrinogen concentrations and to clear serum venom antigenaemia. Blood coagulability was restored within 6-24 h in 97% of patients, all of whom had normal coagulation and plasma fibrinogen levels 48 h after the start of antivenom treatment. Two patients (3.0%) had recurrent coagulopathy and eight patients suffered recurrence of antigenaemia within 72 h of treatment. None of the dosage regimens of either antivenom used guaranteed resolution of venom-induced coagulopathy within 6 h, nor did they prevent recurrences. A further dose of antivenom at 6 h also did not guarantee resolution of coagulopathy within 12-24 h in all patients. The incidence of early adverse reactions (all mild) was similar for both antivenoms (15% and 24%; P>0.05).
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Animals; Antivenins; Blood Coagulation Disorders; Bothrops; Caprylates; Chemical Fractionation; Child; Child, Preschool; Crotalid Venoms; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Fibrinogen; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Male; Mice; Middle Aged; Propiolactone; Recurrence; Snake Bites; Treatment Outcome; Whole Blood Coagulation Time
PubMed: 16698053
DOI: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2006.01.006