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Archivio Italiano Di Urologia,... Jul 2016Types of prostatitis can be defined as groups of syndromes in adult men associated with infectious and noninfectious causes characterized frequently by lower abdominal... (Review)
Review
Types of prostatitis can be defined as groups of syndromes in adult men associated with infectious and noninfectious causes characterized frequently by lower abdominal and perineal signs and diverse clinical symptoms and complications. Etiopathogenesis of chronic prostatitis is not well defined. Moreover, its treatment outcomes are not satisfactory. Presence of c-kit positive interstitial cells in human prostate is already known. It has been demonstrated that these cells can be pacemaker cells which trigger spontaneous slow-wave electrical activity in the prostate and can be responsible for the transport of glandular secretion from acinar cells into major and minor prostatic ducts and finally into urethra. In the light of all these data, when presence of a possible inflammatory pathology is thought to involve prostate that secretes and has a reservoir which drains its secretion (for prostate, prostatic urethra), two points are worth mentioning. Impairment of secretion mechanism and collection of secretion within the organ with reflux of the microbial material from its reservoir back into prostate gland. Both of these potential conditions can be explained by ductal neuromuscular mechanism, which induces secretion. We think that in this neuromuscular mechanism interstitial Cajal cells have an important role in chronic prostatitis. Our hypothesis is that curability of prostatitis is correlated with the number of Cajal cells not subjected to apoptosis.
Topics: Adult; Animals; Apoptosis; Chronic Disease; Humans; Interstitial Cells of Cajal; Male; Prostate; Prostatitis
PubMed: 27377090
DOI: 10.4081/aiua.2016.2.133 -
Urology Oct 2009
Topics: Humans; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Male; Organ Size; Prostate; Prostatism; Ultrasonography; Urinary Bladder; Urodynamics
PubMed: 19800517
DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2009.05.052 -
Monographs in Pathology 1992
Review
Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; BCG Vaccine; Humans; Male; Prostate; Prostatic Neoplasms; Prostatitis
PubMed: 1406739
DOI: No ID Found -
Neurourology and Urodynamics Jun 2011Inflammation of the lower urinary tract occurs frequently in people. The causes remain obscure, with the exception of urinary tract infection. Animal models have proven... (Review)
Review
Inflammation of the lower urinary tract occurs frequently in people. The causes remain obscure, with the exception of urinary tract infection. Animal models have proven useful for investigating and assessing mechanisms underlying symptoms associated with lower urinary tract inflammation and options for suppressing these symptoms. This review will discuss various animal models of lower urinary tract inflammation, including feline spontaneous (interstitial) cystitis, neurogenic cystitis, autoimmune cystitis, cystitis induced by intravesical instillation of chemicals or bacterial products (particularly lipopolysaccharide or LPS), and prostatic inflammation initiated by transurethral instillation of bacteria. Animal models will continue to be of significant value in identifying mechanisms resulting in bladder inflammation, but the relevance of some of these models to the causes underlying clinical disease is unclear. This is primarily because of the lack of understanding of causes of these disorders in people. Comparative and translational studies are required if the full potential of findings obtained with animal models to improve prevention and treatment of lower urinary tract inflammation in people is to be realized.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Cystitis; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Humans; Male; Mechanotransduction, Cellular; Prostate; Prostatitis; Urinary Bladder
PubMed: 21661012
DOI: 10.1002/nau.21078 -
Seminars in Roentgenology Jan 1993
Review
Topics: Humans; Male; Prostate; Prostatic Diseases; Prostatic Hyperplasia; Prostatic Neoplasms; Prostatitis; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 7682014
DOI: 10.1016/s0037-198x(05)80113-0 -
The New Orleans Medical and Surgical... May 1948
Topics: Disease; Disease Management; Humans; Male; Prostate; Prostatic Diseases; Prostatism
PubMed: 18916460
DOI: No ID Found -
Missouri Medicine Sep 1949
Topics: Disease Management; Humans; Hypertrophy; Male; Prostate; Prostatic Hyperplasia; Prostatism
PubMed: 18147285
DOI: No ID Found -
The Medical World Jan 1947
Topics: Disease; Humans; Male; Prostate; Prostatic Diseases; Prostatism
PubMed: 20288360
DOI: No ID Found -
The Journal-lancet Jul 1946
Topics: Humans; Hypertrophy; Male; Prostate; Prostatic Hyperplasia; Prostatism
PubMed: 20989993
DOI: No ID Found -
Archives of Pathology & Laboratory... Jul 2012Specimens from the prostate and bladder are commonly encountered by the general surgical pathologist. Emphasis is usually placed on neoplasms of the bladder and... (Review)
Review
CONTEXT
Specimens from the prostate and bladder are commonly encountered by the general surgical pathologist. Emphasis is usually placed on neoplasms of the bladder and prostate, particularly if malignant, owing to their therapeutic consequences. A good command of benign lesions occurring in the bladder and prostate, and knowledge of their preneoplastic potential will help pathologists confidently diagnose malignancy versus its benign mimickers and guide the urologists in choosing the appropriate therapy and follow-up for the patient.
OBJECTIVE
To present a mixture of benign entities, and discuss their histologic and clinical characteristics, hoping to provide a practical review for the general surgical pathologist.
DATA SOURCES
An extensive review of the literature on the entities discussed was performed.
CONCLUSIONS
A wide variety of benign entities are present in the prostate and bladder. Benign lesions in the prostate can be age related, such as prostatic atrophy and benign prostatic hyperplasia; transition zone associated, such as basal cell hyperplasia, adenosis, and sclerosing adenosis; or prostatic urethra associated. Benign lesions of the bladder encompass a wide variety of reactive changes that can occur in the urothelium, as well as hyperplastic lesions or reactive proliferations that could be misdiagnosed as malignant. The bladder responds to chronic irritation through several reactive/metaplastic lesions such as cystitis cystica/glandularis, keratinizing squamous metaplasia, or nephrogenic metaplasia. The urothelium can also give rise to hyperplastic/proliferative lesions, in particular von Brunn nest hyperplasia, papillary polypoid cystitis, and pseudocarcinomatous proliferation, which should be distinguished from malignant processes. Ectopic tissue, such as prostatic or mullerian, can also be seen.
Topics: Atrophy; Humans; Male; Prostate; Prostatitis; Urinary Bladder; Urinary Bladder Diseases
PubMed: 22742546
DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2011-0584-RA