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Developments in Biological... 1992The structure of the freeze-dried plug of several biological preparations was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A variety of carbohydrate preparations...
The structure of the freeze-dried plug of several biological preparations was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A variety of carbohydrate preparations were frozen at two different cooling rates of 150 degrees C per minute and 1 degree C per minute. After lyophilization, residual moisture analysis demonstrated that under conditions of rapid freezing a drier product could be obtained. SEM observations showed the lyophilised plug structure of rapidly frozen material consisted of a fine amorphous meshwork, while material frozen slowly consisted of a leafy amorphous material. Freeze-dried mannitol preparations were shown to be of a crystalline nature. In most instances, rapidly frozen material was easier to reconstitute after lyophilization. SEM of proteinaceous preparations which had been frozen at differing rates also showed a variety of different appearances which were probably related to the direction of ice growth. During ice growth formation the migration of buffers and salts towards the surface may occur. Localised high salt/buffer areas may cause deterioration of the product and reduce shelf life. SEM observations were made on the freeze-dried plug of preparations which had collapsed during the lyophilization process. Typically, the basal region of the plug had a more solid structure than the open meshwork of successfully dried material.
Topics: Biological Products; Carbohydrates; Freeze Drying; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Proteins; Water
PubMed: 1592168
DOI: No ID Found -
European Journal of Cell Biology Jan 1984The ultrastructure of the vegetative cell of the centric diatom Anaulus creticus Drebes & Schulz is described. Exhibiting the organic wall component (diatotepum)...
The ultrastructure of the vegetative cell of the centric diatom Anaulus creticus Drebes & Schulz is described. Exhibiting the organic wall component (diatotepum) separated from the siliceous parts of the cell wall this species belongs to the diatom group with so-called split-walls [17]. A most interesting feature of the Anaulus cell is the horn region and its internal structure. As there is no silicified sieve-plate at the horn top but just a big hole sealed only by a thin diatotepum with a hexagonal meshwork, this wall structure is termed a "reduced ocellus". The inner part of the horn region is largely occupied by a conspicuous protoplasmic plug of proteinaceous nature. The possible function of this peculiar structure is discussed as well as new ideas about the role of the labiate process are provided.
Topics: Eukaryota
PubMed: 6698043
DOI: No ID Found