-
Medicine Dec 2022We describe a case of a rupture-mediated large uterine defect, which occurred on the 30th gestation week presenting a protruding amniotic sac sac without fetal... (Review)
Review
Rupture-mediated large uterine defect at 30th gestational week with protruded amniotic sac and fetal head without fetal compromise after laparoscopic electromyolysis: Case report and literature review.
BACKGROUND
We describe a case of a rupture-mediated large uterine defect, which occurred on the 30th gestation week presenting a protruding amniotic sac sac without fetal compromise after a laparoscopic electromyolysis.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 28-year-old woman in her 30th week of gestation (gravida 2, para 0) presented with whole abdominal and right lower quadrant pain at Sanggye Paik Hospital. Ultrasound examination showed normal amniotic fluid and placentation but with breech presentation. She had undergone laparoscopic right ovarian cystectomy due to endometriosis 5 years earlier. Cardiotocography revealed an intermittent variable deceleration and no uterine contraction. Magnetic resonance imaging ruled out acute appendicitis. Four hours later, we observed a protrusion of the amniotic sac with the fetal head through a large uterine defect on magnetic resonance imaging, and performed emergency cesarean section. A boy was delivered without fetal compromise. During the cesarean section, multiple myometric wall defects and thinning were identified. After reconstruction of the uterine wall, the flaccid uterus bled persistently; thus, a cesarean hysterectomy was performed. Packed red cells and frozen plasma were transfused. The mother and neonate had uneventful puerperal and neonatal courses, respectively. After cesarean hysterectomy, we were informed that the mother had undergone a combined laparoscopic electromyolysis during the laparoscopic right ovarian cystectomy. Three years later, the child showed normal neural development.
CONCLUSIONS
Before myomectomy or electromyolysis, patients should be informed of the possibility of uterine rupture during subsequent pregnancies. If a pregnant woman has abdominal pain, clinicians should take a detailed history of uterine surgery and consider uterine rupture. Although, fortunately, the outcomes in this case were uneventful, urgent delivery is required when uterine rupture is diagnosed.
Topics: Humans; Infant, Newborn; Child; Pregnancy; Female; Adult; Uterine Rupture; Cesarean Section; Uterus; Laparoscopy
PubMed: 36595794
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000032221 -
The Journal of Experimental Biology Feb 2019The skate is a bottom-dweller that buries into the substrate with its eyes protruding, revealing elaborately shaped pupils. It has been suggested that such pupil shapes...
The skate is a bottom-dweller that buries into the substrate with its eyes protruding, revealing elaborately shaped pupils. It has been suggested that such pupil shapes may camouflage the eye, yet this has never been tested. Here, we asked whether skate pupils dilate or constrict depending on background spatial frequency. In experiment 1, the skates' pupillary response to three artificial checkerboards of different spatial frequencies was recorded. Results showed that pupils did not change in response to spatial frequency. In experiment 2, in which skates buried into three natural substrates of different spatial frequencies, such that their eyes protruded, pupils showed a subtle but statistically significant response to changes in substrate spatial frequency. Although light intensity is the primary factor determining pupil dilation, our results show that pupils also change depending on the spatial frequency of natural substrates, which suggests that pupils may aid in camouflaging the eye.
Topics: Animals; Biological Mimicry; Female; Light; Male; Pupil; Skates, Fish
PubMed: 30665973
DOI: 10.1242/jeb.195966 -
ELife Jul 2021Hair cells, the receptors of the inner ear, detect sounds by transducing mechanical vibrations into electrical signals. From the top surface of each hair cell protrudes...
Hair cells, the receptors of the inner ear, detect sounds by transducing mechanical vibrations into electrical signals. From the top surface of each hair cell protrudes a mechanical antenna, the hair bundle, which the cell uses to detect and amplify auditory stimuli, thus sharpening frequency selectivity and providing a broad dynamic range. Current methods for mechanically stimulating hair bundles are too slow to encompass the frequency range of mammalian hearing and are plagued by inconsistencies. To overcome these challenges, we have developed a method to move individual hair bundles with photonic force. This technique uses an optical fiber whose tip is tapered to a diameter of a few micrometers and endowed with a ball lens to minimize divergence of the light beam. Here we describe the fabrication, characterization, and application of this optical system and demonstrate the rapid application of photonic force to vestibular and cochlear hair cells.
Topics: Animals; Ear, Inner; Hair; Hair Cells, Auditory; Hair Cells, Auditory, Inner; Hearing; Mechanical Phenomena; Optical Fibers; Rana catesbeiana; Rats; Stereocilia; Vibration
PubMed: 34227465
DOI: 10.7554/eLife.65930 -
Revista Medica de Chile Jan 1997Metalloproteinases (MTP) are enzymes that degrade the extracellular matrix, mainly collagen tissue. Normally these enzymes are expressed in vascular walls as proenzyme...
Metalloproteinases (MTP) are enzymes that degrade the extracellular matrix, mainly collagen tissue. Normally these enzymes are expressed in vascular walls as proenzyme together with inhibitors of the active enzymes. By effect of different cytokines, produced by an inflammatory process in the vascular wall, these proenzymes are activated to an extent that surpasses the action of the inhibitors and degrade collagen. This action may partly explain the rupture of atherosclerotic plaques ("vulnerability") and also the remodelling of the vessel wall with "compensatory enlargement" of the vessel (increase in the outer size of the vessel) that allows the plaques to develop inside the arterial wall without protruding into the vessel lumen for many years. The occlusion of saphenous vein in aortocoronary bypass grafts is due to fibromuscular proliferation and atheroma development and therefore the participation of MTP in the occlusion of these vessels is a reasonable hypothesis. However, the structural features of saphenous vein bypass grafts are different from those of atheroma in native coronary arteries. Mainly the compensatory enlargement of the vessels does not occur because of intense fibrous tissue development including the adventitia and therefore the new tissue in the wall is forced to protrude into the vessel lumen. The reason for this difference in the vessel wall remodeling is not clear and the article by Grez et al in this issue of this Journal is an starting and promising study in this regard.
Topics: Arteries; Arteriosclerosis; Collagen; Extracellular Matrix; Humans; Metalloendopeptidases; Veins
PubMed: 9336071
DOI: No ID Found -
Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound : the... 2009Benign gastric polyps are uncommon in dogs and most are discovered incidentally. Polyps protruding into the pyloric antrum can cause gastric outflow obstruction....
Benign gastric polyps are uncommon in dogs and most are discovered incidentally. Polyps protruding into the pyloric antrum can cause gastric outflow obstruction. Clinical and ultrasonographic findings in seven dogs with histologically confirmed benign mucosal gastric polyps were reviewed. Sonographic findings such as shape, size, echogenicity, location, evidence of gastric wall thickening, wall layering, and size of regional lymph nodes were recorded. Five sessile and two pedunculated masses of different sizes (range 7-60 mm) and echogenicities were found. They primarily arose from the mucosal layer and protruded into the gastric lumen. Only one dog had a large inhomogeneous mass with a poorly visualized gastric wall layering. The polyps were all single, and were located in the pyloric antrum in six out of seven dogs. Although the ultrasonographic appearance allowed a presumptive diagnosis of mucosal gastric polyp, the final diagnosis was determined from histopathologic examination.
Topics: Animals; Diagnosis, Differential; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Female; Lymph Nodes; Male; Polyps; Retrospective Studies; Stomach Diseases; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 19400469
DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-8261.2009.01517.x -
Structure (London, England : 1993) Oct 2019Vinculin and its splice isoform metavinculin play key roles in regulating cellular morphology, motility, and force transduction. Vinculin is distinct from metavinculin...
Vinculin and its splice isoform metavinculin play key roles in regulating cellular morphology, motility, and force transduction. Vinculin is distinct from metavinculin in its ability to bundle filamentous actin (F-actin). To elucidate the molecular basis for these differences, we employed computational and experimental approaches. Results from these analyses suggest that the C terminus of both vinculin and metavinculin form stable interactions with the F-actin surface. However, the metavinculin tail (MVt) domain contains a 68 amino acid insert, with helix 1 (H1) sequestered into a globular subdomain, which protrudes from the F-actin surface and prevents actin bundling by sterically occluding actin filaments. Consistent with our model, deletion and selective point mutations within the MVt H1 disrupt this protruding structure, and facilitate actin bundling similar to vinculin tail (Vt) domain.
Topics: Actins; Alternative Splicing; Animals; Binding Sites; Cryoelectron Microscopy; Models, Molecular; Mutation; Protein Binding; Protein Domains; Protein Structure, Secondary; Vinculin
PubMed: 31422909
DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2019.07.013 -
Scientific Reports Jan 2021Focal adhesions (FAs) are flat elongated structures that mediate cell migration and link the cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix. Along the vertical axis FAs were...
Focal adhesions (FAs) are flat elongated structures that mediate cell migration and link the cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix. Along the vertical axis FAs were shown to be composed of three layers. We used structured illumination microscopy to examine the longitudinal distribution of four hallmark FA proteins, which we also used as markers for these layers. At the FA ends pointing towards the adherent membrane edge (heads), bottom layer protein paxillin protruded, while at the opposite ends (tails) intermediate layer protein vinculin and top layer proteins zyxin and VASP extended further. At the tail tips, only intermediate layer protein vinculin protruded. Importantly, head and tail compositions were altered during HGF-induced scattering with paxillin heads being shorter and zyxin tails longer. Additionally, FAs at protruding or retracting membrane edges had longer paxillin heads than FAs at static edges. These data suggest that redistribution of FA-proteins with respect to each other along FAs is involved in cell movement.
Topics: Animals; Cell Movement; Cytoskeleton; Focal Adhesions; Immunity, Cellular; Paxillin; Vinculin; Zyxin
PubMed: 33504939
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81898-x -
Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in... Apr 2023Mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) have gained increasing interest during the last decades, not only because of their aesthetic appeal, but also because their...
Mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) have gained increasing interest during the last decades, not only because of their aesthetic appeal, but also because their unique properties have allowed them to find applications in nanotechnology, catalysis, chemosensing and biomedicine. Herein we describe how a pyrene molecule with four octynyl substituents can be easily encapsulated within the cavity of a tetragold(I) rectangle-like metallobox, by template formation of the metallo-assembly in the presence of the guest. The resulting assembly behaves as a mechanically interlocked molecule (MIM), in which the four long limbs of the guest protrude from the entrances of the metallobox, thus locking the guest inside the cavity of the metallobox. The new assembly resembles a metallo-suit[4]ane, given the number of protruding long limbs and the presence of the metal atoms in the host molecule. However, unlike normal MIMs, this molecule can release the tetra-substituted pyrene guest by the addition of coronene, which can smoothly replace the guest in the cavity of the metallobox. Combined experimental and computational studies allowed the role of the coronene molecule in facilitating the release of the tetrasubstituted pyrene guest to be explained, through a process that we named "shoehorning", as the coronene compresses the flexible limbs of the guest so that it can reduce its size to slide in and out the metallobox.
PubMed: 36861821
DOI: 10.1002/anie.202301914 -
Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces... Nov 2011A novel method is proposed to create asymmetrically nanoparticle-supported, monodisperse composite dumbbells. The method consists of the three steps of double soap-free...
A novel method is proposed to create asymmetrically nanoparticle-supported, monodisperse composite dumbbells. The method consists of the three steps of double soap-free emulsion polymerizations before and after a heterocoagulation. In the first step, soap-free emulsion polymerization was conducted to cover silica cores with cross-linked poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) shells. Then, positively or negatively charged silica nanoparticles were heterocoagulated with the silica-PMMA core-shell particles. In the heterocoagulations, the nanoparticles surface-modified with a cationic silane coupling agent, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, were used as the positively charged ones, and silica nanoparticles without any treatment were used as the negatively charged ones. In the third step, soap-free polymerizations at different pH values were performed to protrude a polystyrene (PSt) bulge from the core-shell particles supporting the charged silica nanoparticles. In the polymerization, the core-shell particles heterocoagulated with the positively charged silica nanoparticles were aggregated in an acidic condition whereas the silica nanoparticles supported on the core-shell particles were dissolved in a basic condition. For the negatively charged silica nanoparticle, a PSt bulge was successfully protruded from the core-shell particle in acidic and neutral conditions without aggregation of the core-shell particles. The protrusion of the PSt bulge became distinctive when the number of heterocoagulated silica nanoparticles per core-shell particle was increased. Additional heterocoagulation experiments, in which positively or negatively charged magnetite nanoparticles were mixed with the asymmetrically nanoparticle-supported composite dumbbells, confirmed direct exposure of silica nanoparticles to the outer solvent phase.
PubMed: 21936574
DOI: 10.1021/la202968f -
Archivos Espanoles de Urologia Apr 2021We present a unique case with a ureteral fibroepithelial tumor originating from the ureter, which could be confused with a bladder tumor on ultrasound examination due to...
We present a unique case with a ureteral fibroepithelial tumor originating from the ureter, which could be confused with a bladder tumor on ultrasound examination due to its movement in and out of the bladder. METHODS: In cystoscopy, a papillary tumor lesion emerging from the right ureteral orifice was seen. After scanning the other quadrants, however, the tumor was not observed at the right ureteral orifice. It was then protruded back into the bladder. The tumor was seen several times to protrude into the bladder and return to the ureter, possibly due to ureteral peristalsis. Then, a semi-rigid ureteroscope was introduced through the right ureteric orifice, and the tumor was excised in one piece using Holmium laser fiber with 365μm of diameter. The size of the removed tumor was approximately 8 cm long. A double-j stent of 4.8 Fr was placed in the ureter. RESULTS: The patient was discharged on the first day without complications. The fibroepithelial polyps of the ureter, which consist of the stroma of mesoderm origin, covered with histologically normal or hyperplastic urothelial epithelial cells, are extremely rare tumors. It is important to distinguish these polyps from urothelial cancers, since these two entities are different in treatment and prognosis, although similar in symptoms and imaging procedures. CONCLUSIONS: Minimally invasive treatment techniques can be safely applied in the treatment of such exceedingly rare tumors.
Topics: Humans; Polyps; Ureter; Ureteral Neoplasms; Ureteroscopy; Urinary Bladder
PubMed: 33818434
DOI: No ID Found