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Environmental Microbiology Sep 2023Pseudomonads are considered to be among the most widespread culturable bacteria in mesophilic environments. The evolutive success of Pseudomonas species can be... (Review)
Review
Pseudomonads are considered to be among the most widespread culturable bacteria in mesophilic environments. The evolutive success of Pseudomonas species can be attributed to their metabolic versatility, in combination with a set of additional functions that enhance their ability to colonize different niches. These include the production of secondary metabolites involved in iron acquisition or having a detrimental effect on potential competitors, different types of motility, and the capacity to establish and persist within biofilms. Although biofilm formation has been extensively studied using the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a model organism, a significant body of knowledge is also becoming available for non-pathogenic Pseudomonas. In this review, we focus on the mechanisms that allow Pseudomonas putida to colonize biotic and abiotic surfaces and adapt to sessile life, as a relevant persistence strategy in the environment. This species is of particular interest because it includes plant-beneficial strains, in which colonization of plant surfaces may be relevant, and strains used for environmental and biotechnological applications, where the design and functionality of biofilm-based bioreactors, for example, also have to take into account the efficiency of bacterial colonization of solid surfaces. This work reviews the current knowledge of mechanistic and regulatory aspects of biofilm formation by P. putida and pinpoints the prospects in this field.
Topics: Pseudomonas putida; Pseudomonas; Biofilms; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Plants
PubMed: 37045787
DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16385 -
International Journal of Systematic and... Oct 2014A novel bacterial strain, capable of aggregating potential biofuel-producing microalgae, was isolated from the phycosphere of an algal culture and designated HW001(T)....
A novel bacterial strain, capable of aggregating potential biofuel-producing microalgae, was isolated from the phycosphere of an algal culture and designated HW001(T). The novel bacterial strain was identified on the basis of its phylogenetic, genotypic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic characteristics in this study. Cells were aerobic, Gram-negative rods. 16S rRNA gene-based phylogenetic analysis revealed that strain HW001(T) is affiliated with the family Pseudomonadaceae in the phylum Proteobacteria, but forms a distinct clade within this family. The DNA G+C content of strain HW001(T) was 55.4 mol%. The predominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C15:0, summed feature 9 (iso-C17:1ω9c), C16:0 and summed feature 3 (C16:1ω7c/C16:1ω6c). Q-8 was the main respiratory quinone. The polar lipid profile contained phosphatidylethanolamine, an unidentified aminophospholipid and some unidentified lipids. Based on the extensive polyphasic analysis, strain HW001(T) represents a novel species of a new genus in the family Pseudomonadaceae, for which the name Permianibacter aggregans gen. nov., sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain of the type species is HW001(T) ( = CICC 10856(T) = KCTC 32485(T)).
Topics: Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; Biofuels; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Microalgae; Molecular Sequence Data; Phosphatidylethanolamines; Phylogeny; Pseudomonadaceae; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Vitamin K 2
PubMed: 25052397
DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.065003-0 -
Nature Jul 2000
Topics: Brazil; Citrus; Crops, Agricultural; DNA, Bacterial; Genome, Bacterial; Pseudomonadaceae; Research; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 10910318
DOI: 10.1038/35018228 -
Molecular Plant Pathology Sep 2011Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola causes halo blight of the common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris, worldwide and remains difficult to control. Races of the pathogen cause... (Review)
Review
UNLABELLED
Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola causes halo blight of the common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris, worldwide and remains difficult to control. Races of the pathogen cause either disease symptoms or a resistant hypersensitive response on a series of differentially reacting bean cultivars. The molecular genetics of the interaction between P. syringae pv. phaseolicola and bean, and the evolution of bacterial virulence, have been investigated in depth and this research has led to important discoveries in the field of plant-microbe interactions. In this review, we discuss several of the areas of study that chart the rise of P. syringae pv. phaseolicola from a common pathogen of bean plants to a molecular plant-pathogen supermodel bacterium.
TAXONOMY
Bacteria; Proteobacteria, gamma subdivision; order Pseudomonadales; family Pseudomonadaceae; genus Pseudomonas; species Pseudomonas syringae; Genomospecies 2; pathogenic variety phaseolicola.
MICROBIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
Gram-negative, aerobic, motile, rod-shaped, 1.5 µm long, 0.7-1.2 µm in diameter, at least one polar flagellum, optimal temperatures for growth of 25-30°C, oxidase negative, arginine dihydrolase negative, levan positive and elicits the hypersensitive response on tobacco.
HOST RANGE
Major bacterial disease of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) in temperate regions and above medium altitudes in the tropics. Natural infections have been recorded on several other legume species, including all members of the tribe Phaseoleae with the exception of Desmodium spp. and Pisum sativum.
DISEASE SYMPTOMS
Water-soaked lesions on leaves, pods, stems or petioles, that quickly develop greenish-yellow haloes on leaves at temperatures of less than 23°C. Infected seeds may be symptomless, or have wrinkled or buttery-yellow patches on the seed coat. Seedling infection is recognized by general chlorosis, stunting and distortion of growth.
EPIDEMIOLOGY
Seed borne and disseminated from exudation by water-splash and wind occurring during rainfall. Bacteria invade through wounds and natural openings (notably stomata). Weedy and cultivated alternative hosts may also harbour the bacterium.
DISEASE CONTROL
Some measure of control is achieved with copper formulations and streptomycin. Pathogen-free seed and resistant cultivars are recommended.
USEFUL WEBSITES
Pseudomonas-plant interaction http://www.pseudomonas-syringae.org/; PseudoDB http://xbase.bham.ac.uk/pseudodb/; Plant Associated and Environmental Microbes Database (PAMDB) http://genome.ppws.vt.edu/cgi-bin/MLST/home.pl; PseudoMLSA Database http://www.uib.es/microbiologiaBD/Welcome.html.
Topics: Fabaceae; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Plant Diseases; Pseudomonas syringae
PubMed: 21726364
DOI: 10.1111/j.1364-3703.2010.00697.x -
Annual Review of Microbiology 2000Type III secretion systems allow Yersinia spp., Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Bordetella spp., and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli... (Review)
Review
Type III secretion systems allow Yersinia spp., Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Bordetella spp., and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli adhering at the surface of a eukaryotic cell to inject bacterial proteins across the two bacterial membranes and the eukaryotic cell membrane to destroy or subvert the target cell. These systems consist of a secretion apparatus, made of approximately 25 proteins, and an array of proteins released by this apparatus. Some of these released proteins are "effectors," which are delivered into the cytosol of the target cell, whereas the others are "translocators," which help the effectors to cross the membrane of the eukaryotic cell. Most of the effectors act on the cytoskeleton or on intracellular-signaling cascades. A protein injected by the enteropathogenic E. coli serves as a membrane receptor for the docking of the bacterium itself at the surface of the cell. Type III secretion systems also occur in plant pathogens where they are involved both in causing disease in susceptible hosts and in eliciting the so-called hypersensitive response in resistant or nonhost plants. They consist of 15-20 Hrp proteins building a secretion apparatus and two groups of effectors: harpins and avirulence proteins. Harpins are presumably secreted in the extracellular compartment, whereas avirulence proteins are thought to be targeted into plant cells. Although a coherent picture is clearly emerging, basic questions remain to be answered. In particular, little is known about how the type III apparatus fits together to deliver proteins in animal cells. It is even more mysterious for plant cells where a thick wall has to be crossed. In spite of these haunting questions, type III secretion appears as a fascinating trans-kingdom communication device.
Topics: Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; Bacterial Proteins; Bordetella; Enterobacteriaceae; Molecular Chaperones; Plants; Protein Transport; Pseudomonadaceae
PubMed: 11018143
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.micro.54.1.735 -
Nature Jun 1961
Topics: Humans; Pseudomonadaceae; Pseudomonas; Research Design; Tissue Culture Techniques
PubMed: 13762110
DOI: 10.1038/1901025a0 -
European Journal of Biochemistry Mar 1994OprB is a glucose-selective porin known to be produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas putida. We have cloned and sequenced the oprB gene of P. aeruginosa and... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
OprB is a glucose-selective porin known to be produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas putida. We have cloned and sequenced the oprB gene of P. aeruginosa and obtained expression of OprB in Escherichia coli. The mature protein consists of 423 amino acid residues with a deduced molecular mass of 47597 Da. Several clusters of amino acid residues, potentially involved in the structure or function of the protein, were identified. An area of regional homology with E. coli LamB was also identified. Carbohydrate-inducible proteins, potentially homologous to OprB, were identified in several rRNA homology-group-I pseudomonads by sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis, Western immunoblotting and N-terminal amino acid sequencing. These species also contained DNA that hybridized to a P. aeruginosa oprB gene probe.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Bacterial Proteins; Base Sequence; Blotting, Western; Cloning, Molecular; Conserved Sequence; DNA, Bacterial; Escherichia coli; Genes, Bacterial; Molecular Sequence Data; Porins; Pseudomonadaceae; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Recombinant Proteins; Restriction Mapping; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Species Specificity
PubMed: 8125108
DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.tb18649.x -
Journal of Medical Microbiology Oct 2014The purpose of this review is to discuss the scientific literature on waterborne healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs) published from 1990 to 2012. The review focuses... (Review)
Review
The purpose of this review is to discuss the scientific literature on waterborne healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs) published from 1990 to 2012. The review focuses on aquatic bacteria and describes both outbreaks and single cases in relation to patient characteristics, the settings and contaminated sources. An overview of diagnostic methods and environmental investigations is summarized in order to provide guidance for future case investigations. Lastly, on the basis of the prevention and control measures adopted, information and recommendations are given. A total of 125 reports were included, 41 describing hospitalized children. All cases were sustained by opportunistic pathogens, mainly Legionellaceae, Pseudomonadaceae and Burkholderiaceae. Hot-water distribution systems were the primary source of legionnaires' disease, bottled water was mainly colonized by Pseudomonaceae, and Burkholderiaceae were the leading cause of distilled and sterile water contamination. The intensive care unit was the most frequently involved setting, but patient characteristics were the main risk factor, independent of the ward. As it is difficult to avoid water contamination by microbes and disinfection treatments may be insufficient to control the risk of infection, a proactive preventive plan should be put in place. Nursing staff should pay special attention to children and immunosuppressed patients in terms of tap-water exposure and also their personal hygiene, and should regularly use sterile water for rinsing/cleaning devices.
Topics: Bacterial Infections; Burkholderiaceae; Cross Infection; Humans; Infection Control; Legionellaceae; Pseudomonadaceae; Risk Factors; Water Microbiology
PubMed: 25102910
DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.075713-0 -
Journal of Bacteriology Jan 1991The conservation of the oprF gene for the major outer membrane protein OprF was determined by restriction mapping and Southern blot hybridization with the Pseudomonas... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
The conservation of the oprF gene for the major outer membrane protein OprF was determined by restriction mapping and Southern blot hybridization with the Pseudomonas aeruginosa oprF gene as a probe. The restriction map was highly conserved among 16 of the 17 serotype strains and 42 clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa. Only the serotype 12 isolate and one clinical isolate showed small differences in restriction pattern. Southern probing of PstI chromosomal digests of 14 species from the family Pseudomonadaceae revealed that only the nine members of rRNA homology group I hybridized with the oprF gene. To reveal the actual extent of homology, the oprF gene and its product were characterized in Pseudomonas syringae. Nine strains of P. syringae from seven different pathovars hybridized with the P. aeruginosa gene to produce five different but related restriction maps. All produced an OprF protein in their outer membranes with the same apparent molecular weight as that of P.aeruginosa OprF. In each case the protein reacted with monoclonal antibody MA4-10 and was similarly heat and 2-mercaptoethanol modifiable. The purified OprF protein of the type strain P. syringae pv. syringae ATCC 19310 reconstituted small channels in lipid bilayer membranes. The oprF gene from this latter strain was cloned and sequenced. Despite the low level of DNA hybridization between P. aeruginosa and P. syringae DNA, the OprF gene was highly conserved between the species with 72% DNA sequence identity and 68% amino acid sequence identity overall. The carboxy terminus-encoding region of P. syringae oprF showed 85 and 33% identity, respectively, with the same regions of the P. aeruginosa oprF and Escherichia coli ompA genes.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; Base Sequence; Cloning, Molecular; Escherichia coli; Genes, Bacterial; Genotype; Lipid Bilayers; Molecular Sequence Data; Plasmids; Porins; Pseudomonadaceae; Pseudomonas; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Restriction Mapping; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; Species Specificity
PubMed: 1898935
DOI: 10.1128/jb.173.2.768-775.1991 -
Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences :... Feb 2020Microorganisms acquire energy and nutrients from dynamic environments, where substrates vary in both type and abundance. The regulatory system responsible for... (Review)
Review
Microorganisms acquire energy and nutrients from dynamic environments, where substrates vary in both type and abundance. The regulatory system responsible for prioritizing preferred substrates is known as carbon catabolite repression (CCR). Two broad classes of CCR have been documented in the literature. The best described CCR strategy, referred to here as classic CCR (cCCR), has been experimentally and theoretically studied using model organisms such as Escherichia coli. cCCR phenotypes are often used to generalize universal strategies for fitness, sometimes incorrectly. For instance, extremely competitive microorganisms, such as Pseudomonads, which arguably have broader global distributions than E. coli, have achieved their success using metabolic strategies that are nearly opposite of cCCR. These organisms utilize a CCR strategy termed 'reverse CCR' (rCCR), because the order of preferred substrates is nearly reverse that of cCCR. rCCR phenotypes prefer organic acids over glucose, may or may not select preferred substrates to optimize growth rates, and do not allocate intracellular resources in a manner that produces an overflow metabolism. cCCR and rCCR have traditionally been interpreted from the perspective of monocultures, even though most microorganisms live in consortia. Here, we review the basic tenets of the two CCR strategies and consider these phenotypes from the perspective of resource acquisition in consortia, a scenario that surely influenced the evolution of cCCR and rCCR. For instance, cCCR and rCCR metabolism are near mirror images of each other; when considered from a consortium basis, the complementary properties of the two strategies can mitigate direct competition for energy and nutrients and instead establish cooperative division of labor.
Topics: Carbon; Catabolite Repression; Escherichia coli; Glucose; Humans; Phenotype; Pseudomonadaceae
PubMed: 31768608
DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03377-x