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Letters in Applied Microbiology 2003To improve the efficacy of Pseudomonas fluorescens CHA0 and its genetically modified (GM) derivatives by adding ammonium molybdate to control Meloidogyne javanica, the...
AIMS
To improve the efficacy of Pseudomonas fluorescens CHA0 and its genetically modified (GM) derivatives by adding ammonium molybdate to control Meloidogyne javanica, the root-knot nematode in mungbean.
METHODS AND RESULTS
Culture filtrate of P. fluorescens CHA0 and its GM derivative (antibiotic overproducing strain CHA0/pME3424 and antibiotic-deficient CHA89) obtained from nutrient broth yeast extract medium amended with 1, 2 or 4 mm of ammonium molybdate (NH4-Mo) caused substantial mortality of M. javanica juveniles in vitro. Pseudomonas fluorescens CHA0 or CHA0/pME3424 applied in conjunction with NH4-Mo caused greater reduction of nematode penetration in mungbean roots compared with the bacterial application alone. Ammonium molybdate at 4 mg kg-1 of soil along with CHA0 also enhanced plant height while shoot weight remained unaffected. Either used alone or in conjunction with NH4-Mo, strain CHA89 did not reduce nematode invasion compared with the controls. Bacterial strains did not differ significantly in their colonization potential in the mungbean rhizosphere. Efficacy of the biocontrol bacteria to control root-knot nematode was accentuated when soil was treated with NH4-Mo and zinc (both at 1 mg kg-1 of soil).
CONCLUSION
The addition of ammonium molybdate enhances the production of nematicidal compounds by P. fluorescensin vitro and improves bacterial efficacy against root-knot nematode under glasshouse conditions.
SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY
Application of minerals such as ammonium molybdate is appealing because they are cheap and can easily be applied under field conditions to improve biocontrol potential of the bacterial inoculants. They also significantly reduce the amount of biocontrol inoculant biomass required to achieve root-knot disease control, with a consequent reduction in cost.
Topics: Animals; Biomass; Fabaceae; Molybdenum; Pest Control, Biological; Plant Diseases; Pseudomonas fluorescens; Tylenchoidea
PubMed: 12641719
DOI: 10.1046/j.1472-765x.2003.01299.x -
Carbohydrate Polymers Jan 2016Pseudomonas fluorescens, isolated from rhizosphere soil, was exploited for the production of exopolysaccharide (EPS). A medium was constituted to enhance the yield of...
Pseudomonas fluorescens, isolated from rhizosphere soil, was exploited for the production of exopolysaccharide (EPS). A medium was constituted to enhance the yield of EPS. This study involved an agro waste as carbon substrate, rice bran, a replacement of glucose. Plackett-Burman statistical design was applied to evaluate the selected sixteen components from which, rice bran, peptone, NaCl and MnCl2 were found to be effective and significant on the fermentation process. To study the concentration of each component, central composite design was carried out and response surface plots indicated that the following concentrations significantly enhanced the production - rice bran 5.02%, peptone 0.35%, NaCl 0.51%, MnCl2 0.074%. Kinetic modeling was also performed to simulate the process parameters. Logistic model for microbial growth and Luedeking-Piret equation for product formation and substrate utilization were found to fit the experiment. The present investigation resulted in a maximum yield of 4.62g of EPS/L at 48h. High DPPH scavenging ability was a positive indication to use EPS as an antioxidant. The extracted polysaccharide could thus be ecofriendly due to its biodegradability and nontoxicity, and subjected to various industrial and pharmaceutical applications.
Topics: Antioxidants; Biphenyl Compounds; Kinetics; Phylogeny; Picrates; Polysaccharides, Bacterial; Pseudomonas fluorescens; RNA, Bacterial; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Rhizosphere
PubMed: 26453848
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.08.080 -
Genome Biology 2009Pseudomonas fluorescens are common soil bacteria that can improve plant health through nutrient cycling, pathogen antagonism and induction of plant defenses. The genome...
BACKGROUND
Pseudomonas fluorescens are common soil bacteria that can improve plant health through nutrient cycling, pathogen antagonism and induction of plant defenses. The genome sequences of strains SBW25 and Pf0-1 were determined and compared to each other and with P. fluorescens Pf-5. A functional genomic in vivo expression technology (IVET) screen provided insight into genes used by P. fluorescens in its natural environment and an improved understanding of the ecological significance of diversity within this species.
RESULTS
Comparisons of three P. fluorescens genomes (SBW25, Pf0-1, Pf-5) revealed considerable divergence: 61% of genes are shared, the majority located near the replication origin. Phylogenetic and average amino acid identity analyses showed a low overall relationship. A functional screen of SBW25 defined 125 plant-induced genes including a range of functions specific to the plant environment. Orthologues of 83 of these exist in Pf0-1 and Pf-5, with 73 shared by both strains. The P. fluorescens genomes carry numerous complex repetitive DNA sequences, some resembling Miniature Inverted-repeat Transposable Elements (MITEs). In SBW25, repeat density and distribution revealed 'repeat deserts' lacking repeats, covering approximately 40% of the genome.
CONCLUSIONS
P. fluorescens genomes are highly diverse. Strain-specific regions around the replication terminus suggest genome compartmentalization. The genomic heterogeneity among the three strains is reminiscent of a species complex rather than a single species. That 42% of plant-inducible genes were not shared by all strains reinforces this conclusion and shows that ecological success requires specialized and core functions. The diversity also indicates the significant size of genetic information within the Pseudomonas pan genome.
Topics: Ecosystem; Genome, Bacterial; Plants; Pseudomonas fluorescens
PubMed: 19432983
DOI: 10.1186/gb-2009-10-5-r51 -
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination... Oct 1992
Topics: Decontamination; Industrial Waste; Nuclear Reactors; Pseudomonas fluorescens; Yttrium
PubMed: 1421858
DOI: 10.1007/BF00196308 -
Journal of Proteomics Oct 2016In the marine environment, bacteria from estuarine and coastal sediments are among the first targets of nanoparticle pollution; it is therefore relevant to improve the...
UNLABELLED
In the marine environment, bacteria from estuarine and coastal sediments are among the first targets of nanoparticle pollution; it is therefore relevant to improve the knowledge of interactions between bacteria and nanoparticles. In this work, the response of the marine bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens BA3SM1 to CdSe nanocrystals (CdSe NPs) of 3nm (NP3) and 8nm (NP8) in diameter was evaluated through microscopic, physiological, biochemical and proteomic approaches. Transmission electron microscopy images showed that NP3 were able to penetrate the bacteria, while NP8 were highly concentrated around the cells, embedded in large exopolysaccharides. In our experimental conditions, both CdSe NP sizes induced a decrease in respiration during the stationary growth phase, while only NP8 caused growth retardation and a decrease in pyoverdine production. Proteomic analyses highlighted that the strain responded to CdSe NP toxicity by inducing various defence mechanisms such as cell aggregation, extracellular CdSe NP sequestration, effective protection against oxidative stress, modifications of envelope organization and properties, and cadmium export. In addition, BA3SM1 presented a biosorption capacity of 1.6×10(16)NP3/g dry weight and 1.7×10(15)NP8/g dry weight. This strain therefore appears as a promising agent for NP bioremediation processes. Proteomic data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD004012.
BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report focussing on the effects of CdSe colloidal nanocrystals (CdSe NPs) on a marine strain of Pseudomonas fluorescens. CdSe NPs are extensively used in the industry of renewable energies and it is regrettably expected that these pollutants will sometime soon appear in the marine environment through surface runoff, urban effluents and rivers. Bacteria living in estuarine and coastal sediments will be among the first targets of these new pollutants. The pseudomonads are frequently found in these ecosystems. They are involved in several biogeochemical cycles and are known for their high resistance to pollutants. Consequently, this study focussing on the effects of CdSe NPs on the marine strain P. fluorescens BA3SM1 is highly relevant for several reasons. First, it aims at improving knowledge about the interactions between bacteria and NPs. This is fundamental to effectively use NPs against pathogenic bacteria. Secondly, in spite of CdSe NP interactions with the bacterial cells, the strain BA3SM1 can develop various strategies to counteract CdSe NP toxicity and ensure its growth. It exhibits interesting properties to sequester CdSe NPs and it retains its ability to form biofilm. The strain therefore appears as a promising agent for NP bioremediation thanks to biofiltration processes. Finally, this study shows that CdSe NPs of 8nm in diameter cause a decrease in the secretion of siderophore pyoverdine, a secondary metabolite playing a key role in microbial ecology since it drives bacterial survival and competitiveness in ecosystems. Bacteria producing effective siderophores survive better in a Fe-deficient environment where they antagonize the growth of other microbes thought iron deprivation. Furthermore, siderophores are also employed as virulence factors in human pathogenic strains such as P. aeruginosa. Consequently, this study highlights that NPs can impact the secondary metabolism of bacteria with environmental and medical implications. In addition, in this work, Data-Dependant Acquisition (DDA) provided state of the art Mass Spectrometry data by Spectral Counting and MS1 Label-Free. The combination of these two well-known proteomic techniques including manual validations strengthened the identification and quantification of regulated proteins. Moreover, numerous correlations between proteomic analyses and other observations (physiological, biochemical, microscopic) consolidated our interpretations.
Topics: Biodegradation, Environmental; Cadmium Compounds; Ecosystem; Industrial Waste; Metal Nanoparticles; Particle Size; Proteomics; Pseudomonas fluorescens; Selenium Compounds; Water Pollutants, Chemical
PubMed: 27523480
DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.07.021 -
Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in... Jul 2016Bacterial defense mechanisms have evolved to protect bacteria against predation by nematodes, predatory bacteria, or amoebae. We identified novel bacterial alkaloids...
Bacterial defense mechanisms have evolved to protect bacteria against predation by nematodes, predatory bacteria, or amoebae. We identified novel bacterial alkaloids (pyreudiones A-D) that protect the producer, Pseudomonas fluorescens HKI0770, against amoebal predation. Isolation, structure elucidation, total synthesis, and a proposed biosynthetic pathway for these structures are presented. The generation of P. fluorescens gene-deletion mutants unable to produce pyreudiones rendered the bacterium edible to a variety of soil-dwelling amoebae.
Topics: Alkaloids; Amoeba; Pseudomonas fluorescens
PubMed: 27294402
DOI: 10.1002/anie.201603312 -
PloS One 2014Protein secretion systems are crucial mediators of bacterial interactions with other organisms. Among them, the type VI secretion system (T6SS) is widespread in...
Protein secretion systems are crucial mediators of bacterial interactions with other organisms. Among them, the type VI secretion system (T6SS) is widespread in Gram-negative bacteria and appears to inject toxins into competitor bacteria and/or eukaryotic cells. Major human pathogens, such as Vibrio cholerae, Burkholderia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, express T6SSs. Bacteria prevent self-intoxication by their own T6SS toxins by producing immunity proteins, which interact with the cognate toxins. We describe here an environmental P. fluorescens strain, MFE01, displaying an uncommon oversecretion of Hcp (hemolysin-coregulated protein) and VgrG (valine-glycine repeat protein G) into the culture medium. These proteins are characteristic components of a functional T6SS. The aim of this study was to attribute a role to this energy-consuming overexpression of the T6SS. The genome of MFE01 contains at least two hcp genes (hcp1 and hcp2), suggesting that there may be two putative T6SS clusters. Phenotypic studies have shown that MFE01 is avirulent against various eukaryotic cell models (amebas, plant or animal cell models), but has antibacterial activity against a wide range of competitor bacteria, including rhizobacteria and clinical bacteria. Depending on the prey cell, mutagenesis of the hcp2 gene in MFE01 abolishes or reduces this antibacterial killing activity. Moreover, the introduction of T6SS immunity proteins from S. marcescens, which is not killed by MFE01, protects E. coli against MFE01 killing. These findings suggest that the protein encoded by hcp2 is involved in the killing activity of MFE01 mediated by effectors of the T6SS targeting the peptidoglycan of Gram-negative bacteria. Our results indicate that MFE01 can protect potato tubers against Pectobacterium atrosepticum, which causes tuber soft rot. Pseudomonas fluorescens is often described as a major PGPR (plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium), and our results suggest that there may be a connection between the T6SS and the PGPR properties of this bacterium.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Proteins; Bacterial Secretion Systems; Escherichia coli; Genes, Bacterial; Humans; Immunity; Microbial Interactions; Microbial Viability; Mutation; Pectobacterium; Plasmids; Pseudomonas fluorescens; Serratia marcescens; Virulence
PubMed: 24551247
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089411 -
Journal of General Microbiology Jul 1981Spontaneous alginate-producing (muc) variants were isolated from strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens, P. putida and P. mendocina at a frequency of 1 in 10(8) by selecting...
Spontaneous alginate-producing (muc) variants were isolated from strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens, P. putida and P. mendocina at a frequency of 1 in 10(8) by selecting for carbenicillin resistance. The infrared spectrum of the bacterial exopolysaccharide was typical of an acetylated alginate similar to that previously described in Azotobacter vinelandii and in mucoid variants of P. aeruginosa. Mucoid variants were not isolated from P. stutzeri, P. pseudoalcaligenes, P. testosteroni, P. diminuta, P. acidovorans, P. cepacia or P. maltophilia.
Topics: Alginates; Glucuronic Acid; Hexuronic Acids; Mutation; Pseudomonas; Pseudomonas fluorescens
PubMed: 6801192
DOI: 10.1099/00221287-125-1-217 -
Biology Letters Feb 2011Theoretical studies of adaptation emphasize the importance of understanding the distribution of fitness effects (DFE) of new mutations. We report the isolation of 100...
Theoretical studies of adaptation emphasize the importance of understanding the distribution of fitness effects (DFE) of new mutations. We report the isolation of 100 adaptive mutants-without the biasing influence of natural selection-from an ancestral genotype whose fitness in the niche occupied by the derived type is extremely low. The fitness of each derived genotype was determined relative to a single reference type and the fitness effects found to conform to a normal distribution. When fitness was measured in a different environment, the rank order changed, but not the shape of the distribution. We argue that, even with detailed knowledge of the genetic architecture underpinning the adaptive types (as is the case here), the DFEs remain unpredictable, and we discuss the possibility that general explanations for the shape of the DFE might not be possible in the absence of organism-specific biological details.
Topics: Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Genetic Fitness; Mutation; Pseudomonas fluorescens; Selection, Genetic
PubMed: 20659918
DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2010.0547 -
Journal of Bacteriology Sep 1983Chromate resistance of Pseudomonas fluorescens LB300, isolated from chromium-contaminated sediment in the upper Hudson River, was found to be plasmid specified. Loss of...
Chromate resistance of Pseudomonas fluorescens LB300, isolated from chromium-contaminated sediment in the upper Hudson River, was found to be plasmid specified. Loss of the plasmid (pLHB1) by spontaneous segregation or mitomycin C curing resulted in a simultaneous loss of chromate resistance. Subsequent transformation of such strains with purified pLHB1 plasmid DNA resulted in a simultaneous re-acquisition of the chromate resistance phenotype and the plasmid. When pLHB1 was transferred by conjugation to Escherichia coli, the plasmid still conferred chromate resistance.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chromates; DNA Transposable Elements; Genes, Bacterial; Metals; Mutation; Pseudomonas fluorescens; R Factors
PubMed: 6309741
DOI: 10.1128/jb.155.3.1105-1109.1983