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The American Psychologist 2013The reductionistic, exclusionary, and dualistic tenets of the biomedical model have profoundly affected U.S. health care and health research as well as psychology...
The reductionistic, exclusionary, and dualistic tenets of the biomedical model have profoundly affected U.S. health care and health research as well as psychology practice, psychological science, and graduate education in psychology. Although the biomedical model was a success story in many ways, by the end of the 20th century its limitations had become increasingly apparent. These limitations included the biomedical model's failure to adequately address the changing nature of disease facing the U.S. health care system, escalating health care costs, the role of behavior in health and illness, and patients' mental health concerns. Medicine's recent paradigm shift from the biomedical to the biopsychosocial model is occurring in U.S. health care, professional medical education, and health research, with significant implications for psychology. This paradigm shift provides psychology with both opportunities and challenges. Psychology must proactively and deliberately embrace the biopsychosocial model if it is to take full advantage of the opportunities this paradigm shift presents. The American Psychological Association can play an important leadership role in this effort.
Topics: Biomedical Research; Health Behavior; Humans; Psychology; Societies, Scientific; United States
PubMed: 23895594
DOI: 10.1037/a0033591 -
The American Psychologist Mar 2000The author provides a brief history of the psychology laboratory from 1879 to 1900, discusses its crucial role in the founding of scientific psychology, and describes...
The author provides a brief history of the psychology laboratory from 1879 to 1900, discusses its crucial role in the founding of scientific psychology, and describes how it enabled psychology's separation from philosophy. The laboratory model is described as a research and graduate training enterprise that operated with K. Danziger's (1990) concept of a "community of scholars" and was eventually extended to the training of undergraduate students.
Topics: History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; Humans; Laboratories; Psychology, Experimental; United States
PubMed: 10743251
DOI: No ID Found -
The American Psychologist 2023Over the past few years, there has been increased visibility of, and attention paid to, enduring issues such as racial discrimination toward Black Americans. Black...
Over the past few years, there has been increased visibility of, and attention paid to, enduring issues such as racial discrimination toward Black Americans. Black psychologists have been called upon to explain various race-related mental health issues to the public, as well as their colleagues and students. Discussions about how to heal from persistent, intergenerational, oppressive attacks on the African psyche are important, but the theories and treatments in which most practitioners are trained and considered "best practices" are Eurocentric in nature. African-centered (or Africentric) psychology is a well-established school of thought, predating the philosophies often discussed in Western/American psychology's History and Systems curriculum, that provides an authentic understanding of the psychology of people of African descent from an African perspective. In this article, we present the historical contention about the lack of inclusion of an African perspective in conceptualizing and addressing the psychological needs of people of African descent, provide an overview of African-centered psychology including its underlying worldview and philosophy, development, and key contributors, and advocate for the inclusion of Africentric psychology in APA-accredited psychology graduate programs. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
Topics: Humans; Black or African American; Black People; Curriculum; Philosophy; Race Relations; Systemic Racism; Historical Trauma; Africa; Psychology
PubMed: 37384500
DOI: 10.1037/amp0001164 -
Zeitschrift Fur Gerontologie Und... Dec 2015
Topics: Delivery of Health Care; Germany; Health Services for the Aged; Patient Care Team; Psychology; Social Work; Theology
PubMed: 26514146
DOI: 10.1007/s00391-015-0969-x -
Nature Dec 2019
Topics: Humans; Psychology, Social; Social Behavior
PubMed: 31827289
DOI: 10.1038/d41586-019-03755-2 -
Revue Belge de Stomatologie. Belgisch... Jun 1954
Topics: Dentistry; Humans; Patients; Psychology
PubMed: 13195244
DOI: No ID Found -
History of Psychology May 2007This introduction to the special issue on the history of power forwards the anthropological concept of "purification" as a means of drawing together disparate histories...
This introduction to the special issue on the history of power forwards the anthropological concept of "purification" as a means of drawing together disparate histories of psychology that invoke notions of power. Drawing on the work of Mary Douglas, Bruno Latour, Michel Foucault, and Donna Haraway, I argue for a history of psychology that links the carving up of people up into their properly natural and enculturated parts with keeping people in their place, the purification of interpretation by scientific representation, the maintenance of the body politic of the discipline, and the role of psychology in making up power in modern nation states.
Topics: Anthropology; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; Humans; Power, Psychological; Psychology
PubMed: 17645125
DOI: 10.1037/1093-4510.10.2.75 -
Journal of Clinical Psychology Dec 2004The term psychology refers both to an institutional discipline and to a subject matter. Henriques, in his article "Psychology Defined" (this issue) , emphasizes the...
The term psychology refers both to an institutional discipline and to a subject matter. Henriques, in his article "Psychology Defined" (this issue) , emphasizes the second reference, and its focus can be sharpened by taking into account the first reference. On the one hand, epistemic progress in science is a dynamic process, which, as often as not, cuts across institutional divisions. However, on the other hand there are some problems of disunity that solely concern the institution. That the latter falls within the scope of the Tree of Knowledge is illustrated in how Henriques' "Justification Hypothesis" sheds light on the nature of institutional disunity.
Topics: Animals; Behavior; Behavior, Animal; Diffusion of Innovation; Empiricism; Forecasting; Hospitals, Psychiatric; Humans; Knowledge; Neurotic Disorders; Psychology; Rationalization
PubMed: 15470735
DOI: 10.1002/jclp.20065 -
The American Psychologist Nov 2017This article reviews psychology's attempts to influence public attitudes about both the science and the profession of psychology. The early history of the profession is...
This article reviews psychology's attempts to influence public attitudes about both the science and the profession of psychology. The early history of the profession is reviewed, and the efforts of the American Psychological Association (APA) to shape the public's perception of psychology are discussed. The rise of social media is reviewed, and important social media outlets relevant to psychology are identified. The activities of the Society for Media Psychology and Technology (APA Division 46) are illustrated, and the presidents of the Division are identified. The work of those psychologists who are noted public intellectuals or who have received Nobel prizes or National Medal of Science awards for their research is briefly reviewed, and the public notoriety of 4 prominent media celebrities (Joy Browne, Joyce Brothers, Laura Schlessinger, and Phil McGraw) is discussed. Several controversies in the field of psychology that have influenced the public and their attitudes about psychology are also briefly reviewed. (PsycINFO Database Record
Topics: History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; Humans; Mass Media; Psychology; Societies, Scientific
PubMed: 29172579
DOI: 10.1037/amp0000202 -
The American Psychologist Apr 2015Critical psychology has become a generative and international movement in the last 5 decades, with self-identifying critical psychologists emerging from around the globe...
Critical psychology has become a generative and international movement in the last 5 decades, with self-identifying critical psychologists emerging from around the globe with publications and contributions, both theoretical and practical, in many areas of psychology. This article provides an overview of current trends in critical psychology and elucidates historical sources and theoretical tenets. Presented are the relationship between individual subjectivity and society, the role of power in the discipline, the problem of subjectification, the importance of reflexivity and intersubjectivity in the context of research practices, methodologies of change for different contexts, and the ethical-political positions from which critical psychologists operate. Challenges to critical psychology, which include engagements with indigenous psychologies, new forms of internationalization, and advancing transdisciplinary work, are discussed.
Topics: Ethics; History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; Humans; Knowledge; Politics; Psychological Theory; Psychology
PubMed: 25621493
DOI: 10.1037/a0038727