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Neurotherapeutics : the Journal of the... Jul 2017Evidence-based psychotherapies have been shown to be efficacious and cost-effective for a wide range of psychiatric conditions. Psychiatric disorders are prevalent... (Review)
Review
Evidence-based psychotherapies have been shown to be efficacious and cost-effective for a wide range of psychiatric conditions. Psychiatric disorders are prevalent worldwide and associated with high rates of disease burden, as well as elevated rates of co-occurrence with medical disorders, which has led to an increased focus on the need for evidence-based psychotherapies. This chapter focuses on the current state of evidence-based psychotherapy. The strengths and challenges of evidence-based psychotherapy are discussed, as well as misperceptions regarding the approach that may discourage and limit its use. In addition, we review various factors associated with the optimal implementation and application of evidence-based psychotherapies. Lastly, suggestions are provided on ways to advance the evidence-based psychotherapy movement to become truly integrated into practice.
Topics: Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Psychotherapy
PubMed: 28653278
DOI: 10.1007/s13311-017-0549-4 -
Psychology and Psychotherapy Jun 2019Fragmentation of processes and interventions plague the psychotherapies (Gilbert & Kirby, ). Part of the problem is that we have not agreed on a framework that could be... (Review)
Review
Fragmentation of processes and interventions plague the psychotherapies (Gilbert & Kirby, ). Part of the problem is that we have not agreed on a framework that could be the basis for integrating knowledge and the scientific enquiry of processes and interventions. This paper outlines an approach that brings together a variety of different disciplines in the service of consilience (Wilson, , Consilience: The unity of knowledge, Vintage, New York, NY; Siegel, ). It presents the importance of an evolutionary framework for understanding the proclivities and dispositions for mental suffering and antisocial behaviour, and how they are choreographed in different sociodevelopmental contexts. Building on earlier models (Gilbert, , Human nature and suffering, Routledge, London, UK; Gilbert, , Clin. Psychol. Psychother., 2, 135; Gilbert, , Br. J. Med. Psychol., 71, 353; Gilbert, , Case formulation in cognitive behaviour therapy: The treatment of challenging cases, Wiley, Chichester, UK, pp. 50-89) the call is for an integrative, evolutionary, contextual, biopsychosocial approach to psychology and psychotherapy. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Evolutionary functional analysis is part of an evolutionary, contextual, biopsychosocial approach to mental health that can serve as a scientific platform for the future developments of psychotherapy. Therapist skills and training will increasing need to focus on the multidimensional textures of mental states especially the context-social-body linkages. Therapies of the future will also focus more on the moral aspects of therapy and address the need to promote prosocial and ethical behaviour to self and others.
Topics: Clinical Competence; Humans; Mental Disorders; Psychotherapy; Social Behavior
PubMed: 30932302
DOI: 10.1111/papt.12226 -
Nederlands Tijdschrift Voor Geneeskunde Mar 2019All psychotherapies are rooted in a theory about how psychological symptoms can be changed. However, to date the scientific evidence for specific working mechanisms has... (Review)
Review
All psychotherapies are rooted in a theory about how psychological symptoms can be changed. However, to date the scientific evidence for specific working mechanisms has been very limited. What is certain is that a good working relationship leads to a better treatment outcome. This can be attributed to the competence of the therapist, such as facilitating the expression of emotion and dealing with countertransference issues. Helping patients to gain insight into the background of their psychological symptoms, has also been identified as a working mechanism.
Topics: Countertransference; Emotions; Female; Humans; Psychotherapy; Psychotic Disorders; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 30945821
DOI: No ID Found -
International Review of Psychiatry... Feb 2007The relationship between psychotherapy and psychiatry has become a beleagured one in recent years. The swing of the pendulum in the direction of biological psychiatry... (Review)
Review
The relationship between psychotherapy and psychiatry has become a beleagured one in recent years. The swing of the pendulum in the direction of biological psychiatry has led to a marginalization of psychotherapy within the discipline of psychiatry as a whole. However, psychotherapy continues to be a basic science of psychiatry with application in all clinical settings. It must be regarded as a biological treatment that works by changing the brain and is therefore just as important as pharmacotherapy in terms of overall treatment planning. The combined treatment of medication and psychotherapy has become the most common mode of psychiatric treatment planning in current practice. Both the two-treater model and the single-treater model have a set of advantages and disadvantages that are explicated. Further research is needed to identify clinical situations in which psychotherapy is essential, whether alone or in combination with medication. Moreover, as greater insights are gained into the brain mechanisms responsible for therapeutic changes, more specifically targeted psychotherapies can be developed.
Topics: Behavior Therapy; Biological Psychiatry; Combined Modality Therapy; Education, Medical, Graduate; Evidence-Based Medicine; Forecasting; Humans; Mental Disorders; Psychiatry; Psychoanalytic Therapy; Psychotherapy; Psychotropic Drugs; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 17365154
DOI: 10.1080/09540260601080813 -
Asia-Pacific Psychiatry : Official... Mar 2021Psychotherapy provides substantial benefits for patients with medical illness. Western-based psychotherapies are commonly practiced by consultation-liaison psychiatrists... (Review)
Review
Psychotherapy provides substantial benefits for patients with medical illness. Western-based psychotherapies are commonly practiced by consultation-liaison psychiatrists in Asia. Although such interventions benefit Asian patients, they are limited by their cultural applicability. Sociocultural factors shape the meaning, expression, and treatment of medical illnesses. In helping patients with medical problems, it is imperative that psychiatrists be mindful of the value of culture in their clinical work. The concept of the self, religion, spirituality, adaptation, coping, and defense mechanisms are all culturally determined. This article discusses how these concepts impact the practice of psychotherapy in the Asian consultation-liaison psychiatry setting. Currently, there is a dearth of systematic research about this subject matter. Most studies describe the application of Western-based psychotherapies for patients with medical illness with little input as to cultural modifications or implications of such interventions. The authors of this article identify culturally consonant psychotherapeutic techniques in the Asian consultation-liaison psychiatry context. Furthermore, they also propose general guidelines in the cultural adaptation of psychotherapy interventions or development of indigenous psychotherapies.
Topics: Asia; Culturally Competent Care; Humans; Mental Disorders; Psychotherapy; Referral and Consultation
PubMed: 33073528
DOI: 10.1111/appy.12431 -
Bundesgesundheitsblatt,... Jan 2022Suicide attempts are considered one of the most important risk factors for suicide. Based on this, various psychotherapeutic treatments for persons after a suicide... (Review)
Review
Suicide attempts are considered one of the most important risk factors for suicide. Based on this, various psychotherapeutic treatments for persons after a suicide attempt have been developed and evaluated in recent years. In this article, the current state of efficacy research is outlined, examples of successful suicide-focused psychotherapies are presented, and the current state of research and knowledge is critically reflected upon. The results of two recent Cochrane reviews of psychotherapy following self-injurious behavior in childhood, adolescence, and adulthood, as well as findings from 14 other meta-analyses of psychological suicide prevention published in the past five years, are presented.Cognitive behavioral therapy and dialectical behavioral therapy have been shown to be effective. Overall, however, the averaged effect sizes are of small magnitude and various methodological problems make it impossible to draw far-reaching conclusions. In principle, suicide-specific psychotherapy is of particular importance in individual-centered suicide prevention; however, the empirical foundation and dissemination of appropriate programs are still insufficient.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Germany; Humans; Meta-Analysis as Topic; Psychotherapy; Self-Injurious Behavior; Suicide, Attempted
PubMed: 34878566
DOI: 10.1007/s00103-021-03466-y -
American Journal of Psychotherapy Sep 2022Supportive psychotherapy has long had an undeservedly weak reputation. This review aims to describe the use of manualized, time-limited brief supportive psychotherapy... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Supportive psychotherapy has long had an undeservedly weak reputation. This review aims to describe the use of manualized, time-limited brief supportive psychotherapy (BSP) and its testing in clinical trials across three decades. Although numerous clinical descriptions of supportive psychotherapy exist, its use is reportedly widespread, and several supportive psychotherapies have been used in psychotherapy trials, BSP is the first and sole supportive psychotherapy manualized for research. BSP was designed as a nondirective, affect-focused, bare-bones common-factors treatment.
METHODS
Collecting data from the nine randomized controlled trials involving BSP, eight of them published, the author presents a narrative summary of findings.
RESULTS
Eight trials addressed mood disorders and one addressed social anxiety disorder. Sample size varied. Most BSP trials resulted in "dead heat" comparable outcomes. BSP generally showed large effect sizes for improvement on the primary outcome variable (range d=0.62-1.01). Delivering it won over some therapists from exposure-based backgrounds.
CONCLUSIONS
Despite its perennial role as an unfavored control condition, BSP held its own in competition with more symptom-focused therapies, usually producing a dead-heat outcome. The findings indicate the importance of psychotherapeutic common factors and the potency of BSP as an active treatment condition.
Topics: Humans; Psychotherapy; Psychotherapy, Brief; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 35232221
DOI: 10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.2021.20210041 -
International Journal of Group... Oct 2015This article gives an overview of the development of group psychotherapies in Germany originating from a psychodynamic tradition. The German health system provides... (Review)
Review
This article gives an overview of the development of group psychotherapies in Germany originating from a psychodynamic tradition. The German health system provides access to inpatient and outpatient psychotherapy for all of its citizens. Whereas groups are common in inpatient settings, the provision of outpatient group treatment still could be improved, as it is the case for the general training of group psychotherapists. Group research in Germany largely reflects clinical practice, with more studies coming from the inpatient field. It is stated that the general image of group treatment seems to be largely positive, which could provide a basis for political initiatives to improve the dissemination of group therapy in this country.
Topics: Germany; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; Humans; Psychotherapy, Group
PubMed: 26401794
DOI: 10.1521/ijgp.2015.65.4.513 -
American Journal of Psychotherapy Dec 2021This systematized review sought to fill a gap in psilocybin research by investigating the structure and format of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP), with a focus... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
This systematized review sought to fill a gap in psilocybin research by investigating the structure and format of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP), with a focus on the counseling components of the treatment.
METHODS
A systematized review of PAP was conducted by using the PubMed and PsycInfo databases to search for peer-reviewed studies of human clinical trials, published within the past 25 years, in which psilocybin was administered with psychological support in a clinical setting.
RESULTS
Eleven articles matched the criteria necessary for inclusion in this review. PAP was found to consist of three stages: pretreatment sessions to prepare participants for psilocybin, treatment sessions in which psilocybin was administered, and posttreatment sessions to integrate the experience with daily life. Conventional psychotherapy was primarily seen in the pre- and posttreatment sessions. Psychotherapies included in PAP differed among studies, but most often included music therapy and a nondirective supportive approach to treatment.
CONCLUSIONS
This systematized review found important commonalities among clinical trials of PAP published within the past 25 years and revealed key differences among studies in psychotherapy's incorporation into PAP. Additional research is needed to identify the unique effect of psychotherapy in PAP.
Topics: Hallucinogens; Humans; Psilocybin; Psychotherapy; Psychotropic Drugs
PubMed: 34293927
DOI: 10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.20200055 -
American Journal of Psychotherapy Dec 2020
Topics: Critical Illness; Hospitals, General; Humans; Psychotherapy; Psychotherapy, Group; Resilience, Psychological
PubMed: 33317329
DOI: 10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.20200029