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Historia, Ciencias, Saude--Manguinhos 2023This article introduces the work of the transcultural histories of psychotherapies network. Reflecting on the comparative lack of work here, it traces psychotherapies'...
This article introduces the work of the transcultural histories of psychotherapies network. Reflecting on the comparative lack of work here, it traces psychotherapies' identity crisis, focussing on nodal points such as the rise of the term, failed attempts to unify the field from Forel to Jung, and the rise of outcome studies. Finally, it situates histories of psychotherapies within the context of adjacent fields: the relation of the history of psychotherapy to the history of science, to Freud studies, to the history of religion and religious studies, to intellectual history, to the history of psychiatry, to the history of medicine, and its place within cultural history.
Topics: Historiography; Identity Crisis; Psychotherapy; Psychiatry
PubMed: 36629668
DOI: 10.1590/S0104-59702022000500002 -
Psychotherapy (Chicago, Ill.) Sep 2020Researchers have increasingly called for the examination of both mental health symptoms and well-being when providing and evaluating psychotherapy, and although symptoms... (Review)
Review
Researchers have increasingly called for the examination of both mental health symptoms and well-being when providing and evaluating psychotherapy, and although symptoms and well-being are typically inversely related, these appear to be distinct constructs that may require distinct intervention strategies. Positive psychology interventions, virtue-based treatments, and psychotherapies explicitly focused on promoting well-being have emerged in response to, or perhaps in concert with, the calls for attention to symptoms and well-being. Our review of the relevant and vast research pockets revealed that these treatments demonstrated relative efficacy in promoting well-being, whereas evidence for relative efficacy when reducing symptoms was largely inconclusive, particularly in psychotherapy contexts. We organized our review around the virtue-ethics notion that growth in virtuousness fosters flourishing, with flourishing consisting of more than the absence of symptoms, and specifically, that flourishing also involves increased well-being. The lack of evidence for relative efficacy among active alternative treatment conditions in promoting flourishing may suggest equal effectiveness, and yet, this also suggests that there are yet-to-be-identified moderators and mechanisms of change and/or insufficient use of research designs and/or statistical procedures that could more clearly test this major tenet of the virtue-ethics tradition. Nevertheless, we know that evidence-based problem-focused psychotherapies are effective at reducing symptoms, and our review showed that positive psychology interventions, virtue-based treatments, and psychotherapies explicitly focused on well-being promote well-being and/or virtue development. We encourage researchers and psychotherapists to continue to integrate symptom reduction and well-being promotion into psychotherapy approaches aimed at fostering client flourishing. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
Topics: Humans; Mental Health; Meta-Analysis as Topic; Psychology, Positive; Psychotherapy; Virtues
PubMed: 31985238
DOI: 10.1037/pst0000285 -
L'Encephale Jun 2016The evaluation of psychotherapy methods is made difficult by their practical and theoretical diversities as well as the increasing number of available therapies.... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
The evaluation of psychotherapy methods is made difficult by their practical and theoretical diversities as well as the increasing number of available therapies. Evaluation based on scientific criteria in randomized control trials is providing the highest level of proof and recognition by Health Agencies. A recently described integrative psychotherapy, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), developed by F. Shapiro since 1989, has been confronted with the validation procedure used in pharmacological treatment. It was of interest to review the scientific validation steps carried out for this EMDR psychotherapy and for its mechanisms of action.
AIM OF THE REVIEW
The practical and methodological protocol of the EMDR psychotherapy for trauma integration is reviewed as well as clinical results and mechanisms.
RESULTS
This EMDR therapy, focused on the resolutions of traumas, was started by treating patients with post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD). The integrative EMDR protocol obtained the highest level of efficiency, for PTSD treatment, twenty years after its first publication. The efficiency of the protocol is now under study and scientific evaluation for troubles in which the trauma experiences are triggers or factors of maintenance of the troubles: anxiety, depression, phobia, sexual troubles, schizophrenia, etc.
CONCLUSION
This new integrative psychotherapy follows the pathways and the timing observed for the evaluation and the validation of other therapies.
Topics: Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing; Humans; Psychotherapy; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic; Wounds and Injuries
PubMed: 27017321
DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2016.02.012 -
American Journal of Psychotherapy Dec 2022
Topics: Humans; Politics; Psychotherapy; Religion
PubMed: 35638188
DOI: 10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.20210052 -
The British Journal of Psychiatry : the... Nov 1996The proliferation of psychotherapies has been balanced by an equal and opposite tendency towards integration. Integrative approaches are particularly relevant to... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The proliferation of psychotherapies has been balanced by an equal and opposite tendency towards integration. Integrative approaches are particularly relevant to psychotherapy in psychiatric settings.
METHOD
MEDLINE and manual literature searches yielded over 250 articles on psychotherapy integration, which are reviewed in the light of the authors' experience in a district psychotherapy service.
RESULTS
Psychotherapy integration is an umbrella term covering a wide range of meanings: rapprochement between different theoretical positions; convergence of ideas and techniques; eclectic selection from many different methods; and integration proper in specifically integrative therapies. Many effective psychotherapeutic treatments for psychiatric disorders are integrative, including those for depression, schizophrenia, bulimia nervosa and borderline personality disorder.
CONCLUSIONS
Integration at the level of practice is common and desirable. At the level of theory, clarification and creative conflict are essential. Different therapeutic approaches should work closely together but retain their separate identities.
Topics: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Combined Modality Therapy; Humans; Mental Disorders; Patient Care Team; Psychoanalytic Therapy; Psychotherapy; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 8932884
DOI: 10.1192/bjp.169.5.563 -
Zeitschrift Fur Kinder- Und... Nov 2016The implementation of evidence-based psychotherapy with children and adolescents has been limited so far. This is mainly due to the fact that patients in service... (Review)
Review
The implementation of evidence-based psychotherapy with children and adolescents has been limited so far. This is mainly due to the fact that patients in service settings tend to have higher rates of comorbidities and more frequently changing therapy needs than those in research settings. Thus, modular psychotherapies are promising, as they allow the treatment protocol to be adapted to patients’ individual needs. Because no review on modular psychotherapy for children and adolescents exists, we conducted a systematic literature research. The results of the 15 randomized controlled trials identified demonstrate that modular psychotherapy is associated with significant reductions in symptom levels as well as with higher rates of diagnostic remission compared to control conditions. Because of the lack of evidence, future studies should investigate the incremental efficacy of modular approaches and test the validity of underlying theoretical models as well as of decision flowcharts. Modular psychotherapy approaches have the potential to personalize evidence-based interventions for children and adolescents across various therapeutical traditions, and to facilitate their implementation into clinical practice.
Topics: Adolescent; Algorithms; Anxiety Disorders; Child; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Comorbidity; Depressive Disorder; Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Mental Disorders; Precision Medicine; Psychotherapy
PubMed: 27356677
DOI: 10.1024/1422-4917/a000452 -
Psychotherapy (Chicago, Ill.) Dec 2012There are many forms of psychotherapies, each distinctive in its own way. From the origins of psychotherapy, it has been suggested that psychotherapy is effective... (Review)
Review
There are many forms of psychotherapies, each distinctive in its own way. From the origins of psychotherapy, it has been suggested that psychotherapy is effective through factors that are common to all therapies. In this article, I suggest that the commonalities that are at the core of psychotherapy are related to evolved human characteristics, which include (a) making sense of the world, (b) influencing through social means, and (c) connectedness, expectation, and mastery. In this way, all psychotherapies are humanistic.
Topics: Humanism; Humans; Mental Disorders; Psychotherapy
PubMed: 23205827
DOI: 10.1037/a0027113 -
Der Nervenarzt Mar 2019The life and works of neurologist and psychiatrist Kurt Goldstein (1878-1965) were almost forgotten for decades but have aroused increasing interest in recent years.... (Review)
Review
The life and works of neurologist and psychiatrist Kurt Goldstein (1878-1965) were almost forgotten for decades but have aroused increasing interest in recent years. Studies on Goldstein generally focus on his groundbreaking contributions to a holistic neurology, neuropsychology and neurorehabilitation; however, his contributions to the development of psychotherapy have received less attention. The present article reviews Goldstein's substantial input to the development of psychotherapy, and especially of humanistic psychotherapies. It is further shown how these contributions are rooted in Goldstein's observations on brain-damaged World War I veterans. From these observations Goldstein derived a holistic view of the organism as a system that embodies and constantly re-establishes an identity, thereby also defining the meaning of anxiety for human existence and drawing conclusions for the therapeutic relationship. It can therefore be argued that brain research impinged on the development of psychotherapy at an early stage, even though its research paradigm differed profoundly from that of present day reductionism.
Topics: History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; Humans; Neurology; Psychiatry; Psychotherapy
PubMed: 29916033
DOI: 10.1007/s00115-018-0554-9 -
Psychotherapy (Chicago, Ill.) Sep 2023Cognitive restructuring (CR) is one method that is hypothesized to play a role in the process of change across many psychotherapies and for a variety of clinical... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Cognitive restructuring (CR) is one method that is hypothesized to play a role in the process of change across many psychotherapies and for a variety of clinical presentations. In this article, we define and illustrate CR. We then present a meta-analysis of four studies (including a total of 353 clients) examining the effect of CR measured within session on psychotherapy outcomes. The overall CR-outcome association was = .35 (95% CI [.24, .44]; equivalent of = 0.85). While more research on CR and immediate psychotherapy outcomes is needed, there is accumulating encouraging evidence regarding the therapeutic effect of CR. We conclude by advancing implications for clinical training and therapeutic practices. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
Topics: Humans; Cognitive Restructuring; Mental Disorders; Psychotherapy; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 36913269
DOI: 10.1037/pst0000474 -
Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. Revue... Apr 2004This review article considers implications of psychotherapy research for psychotherapy training. It considers 8 themes that characterize the research literature. The... (Review)
Review
This review article considers implications of psychotherapy research for psychotherapy training. It considers 8 themes that characterize the research literature. The themes involve outcome findings, common factors, empirically supported therapies, patient treatment matches, therapy manuals and practice guidelines, brief therapies, combinations of medication and psychotherapy, and group therapies. Each theme represents a controversial issue that has implications for the content of contemporary psychotherapy curricula. To assist trainees in becoming well-informed therapists, themes and implications such as these should be covered as part of their introduction to learning about the psychotherapies. To understand the themes and implications, as well as new findings that continually emerge from the research literature, trainees also need to be familiar with basic research methods and evaluative criteria, subjects that can also be covered as part of their introduction to the psychotherapies. As their training proceeds, research findings can be integrated with the development of their clinical skills in a broad range of psychotherapies.
Topics: Education; Humans; Psychotherapy; Research; Teaching
PubMed: 15147020
DOI: 10.1177/070674370404900402