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Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology Feb 2018
Topics: Drug Prescriptions; Humans; Practice Patterns, Physicians'; Psychotropic Drugs; United States
PubMed: 29215384
DOI: 10.1097/JCP.0000000000000831 -
Annual Review of Pharmacology and... 2005This review focuses on the current status of biomarkers and/or approaches critical to assessing novel neuroscience targets with an emphasis on new paradigms and... (Review)
Review
This review focuses on the current status of biomarkers and/or approaches critical to assessing novel neuroscience targets with an emphasis on new paradigms and challenges in this field of research. The importance of biomarker data integration for psychotropic drug development is illustrated with examples for clinically used medications and investigational drugs. The question remains how to verify access to the brain. Early imaging studies including micro-PET can help to overcome this. However, in case of delayed tracer development or because of no feasible application of brain imaging effects of the molecule, using CSF as a matrix could fill this gap. Proteomic research using CSF will hopefully have a major impact on the development of treatments for psychiatric disorders.
Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Humans; Psychotropic Drugs; Technology, Pharmaceutical
PubMed: 15822176
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.45.120403.095758 -
Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology Feb 2011
Comparative Study
Topics: Cost-Benefit Analysis; Drug Prescriptions; Drugs, Generic; Health Expenditures; Humans; Psychotropic Drugs; United States
PubMed: 21192134
DOI: 10.1097/JCP.0b013e318209cf05 -
General Hospital Psychiatry 2004Psychotropic drugs are not necessarily the drugs of psychiatry. Seventy percent of antidepressants, and 90% of anxiolytics are prescribed by nonpsychiatric physicians....
Psychotropic drugs are not necessarily the drugs of psychiatry. Seventy percent of antidepressants, and 90% of anxiolytics are prescribed by nonpsychiatric physicians. Since psychotropic medications are so frequently employed by nonpsychiatric physicians, e.g., neurologists, primary care physicians, internists, and because large numbers of their patients are concurrently on medical drugs for somatic reasons, the interactions of psychotropic versus medical drugs and psychotropic versus psychotropic drugs as listed below must be understood before primary care physicians or psychiatrists prescribe psychotropic medications, especially to the medically ill. Seventy commonly prescribed psychotropic drugs were examined for their interactions with other psychotropic medications using six reference tools: 1) MEDLINE (PubMed) employing the first generic psychotropic drug name, the second generic psychotropic drug name, and the term "interaction;" 2) Hanston's Drug Interaction Analysis and Management Text (quarterly updated version); 3) Drug Interactions Facts (Facts and Comparisons) (July 2001 quarterly updated version); 4) Micromedex Drug-dex; 5) American Hospital Formulary Service Drug Information; and 6) Food and Drug Administration (MedWatch) (Dear Doctor Letters and new labeling) ( for (1999, 2000, and 2001). The authors recognized that all of the above sources do not necessarily cover the entire information database regarding drug-drug interactions. (Citations regarding children, reports in foreign languages or concerning food, animals, in vitro experiments, analgesics, and naturalistic-herbal or natural products-treatment interactions were excluded).
Topics: Drug Interactions; Drug Therapy, Combination; Formularies as Topic; Humans; Mental Disorders; Psychotropic Drugs; United States
PubMed: 15038926
DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2003.10.001 -
DNA and Cell Biology Nov 2022Psychotropic drugs have long been known to possess antimicrobial activity against several groups of microorganisms. Although this property has been extensively studied... (Review)
Review
Psychotropic drugs have long been known to possess antimicrobial activity against several groups of microorganisms. Although this property has been extensively studied both alone and when combined with antibiotics against antimicrobial-resistant bacterial and fungal species, relatively little attention has been given to their ability to contribute to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). We have recently reported the acquisition of multidrug resistance in after exposure to gut-relevant concentrations of the antipsychotic quetiapine. Considering these observations, this review attempts to establish if a relationship between psychotropics and AMR in microorganisms has been defined in the scientific literature.
Topics: Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Escherichia coli; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Psychotropic Drugs
PubMed: 36251740
DOI: 10.1089/dna.2022.0471 -
Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic 2000Recent advances in our understanding of the hepatic cytochrome P450 inhibitory effects of the newer antidepressants have increased concern about drug interactions in the... (Review)
Review
Recent advances in our understanding of the hepatic cytochrome P450 inhibitory effects of the newer antidepressants have increased concern about drug interactions in the practice of psychiatry. The authors summarize the potential interactions of psychoactive drugs with cardiovascular medications. Practicing psychiatrists encounter many patients with cardiovascular disease, and an awareness of these interactions will improve knowledgeable prescribing for medically ill patients with comorbid mental disorders.
Topics: Cardiovascular Agents; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; Drug Interactions; Formularies as Topic; Humans; Mental Disorders; Psychiatry; Psychotropic Drugs; United States
PubMed: 10695159
DOI: No ID Found -
[Potentially inappropriate psychotropic drug prescription in elderly people in West Occitanie area].Therapie 2022Psychotropic drugs remain frequently prescribed in elderly people. Some of them are classified as « inappropriate » because they could increase the risk of adverse...
AIM
Psychotropic drugs remain frequently prescribed in elderly people. Some of them are classified as « inappropriate » because they could increase the risk of adverse drug reactions. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of exposure to potentialy inappropriate psychotropic drugs (PIPs) in the elderly living in nursing home residents (EHPAD) in West Occitanie area.
METHODS
We carried out a retrospective study on the cohort of PAAPI program (Personne âgée et amélioration des prescriptions inappropriées) participating in PAAPI program set up in West Occitanie in 2016 including 3095 patients during 2 years. PIPs were identified by the list EU(7)PIM and completed with the guidelines mailed by the National Drug Safety Agency. We measured the prevalence of exposure to PIPs in this population.
RESULTS
The majority of the residents (n=2301, 74.4%) were female of the average age was 87.1±8.1 years and. The prevalence of exposure to psychotropic drugs was about 77.5% with an average of 1.6 prescription lines per patient (±1,1). We found antidepressants (36.5% of PIP) with mainly paroxetine (37.3% of antidepressants PIP), followed by venlafaxine (32.8%), hypnotics and sedatives (26.6% of PIP) with zopiclone with inappropriate dose (59.4% of hypnotics PIP), anxiolytics (25.8% of PIP) with alprazolam (37.9% of anxiolytics PIP), followed by bromazepam (16%) and antipsychotics (11.2% of PIP) with cyamemazine (100% of inappropriate prescription) followed by aripiprazole and haloperidol (respectively 100% and 14.7% of inappropriate prescription).
CONCLUSION
According to our data, third of elderly people in Nursing Homes were exposed to a PIP suggesting that guidelines about psychotropic drugs prescription are not well followed. Then, information campaign of healthcare professionnals could be useful to improve psychotropic drug prescription in the elderly population.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alprazolam; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antidepressive Agents; Aripiprazole; Bromazepam; Drug Prescriptions; Female; Haloperidol; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Inappropriate Prescribing; Male; Paroxetine; Psychotropic Drugs; Retrospective Studies; Venlafaxine Hydrochloride
PubMed: 35031130
DOI: 10.1016/j.therap.2021.12.018 -
Revue Medicale de La Suisse Romande Feb 2000
Review
Topics: Adolescent; Adolescent Psychiatry; Drug Prescriptions; Humans; Mental Disorders; Patient Selection; Psychology, Adolescent; Psychopharmacology; Psychotropic Drugs; Switzerland
PubMed: 10748697
DOI: No ID Found -
Birth Defects Research Jul 2017Breastfeeding women who are prescribed with psychotropic medications on a regular basis are often concerned, regarding the possible implications of such treatment on the... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Breastfeeding women who are prescribed with psychotropic medications on a regular basis are often concerned, regarding the possible implications of such treatment on the breastfed infant. A mother's well-being has a direct influence on the well-being of the baby. However, the notorious reputation of psychotropic medications may lead to suboptimal prescribing by the physician and poor adherence by the mother.
METHODS
A PubMed search (from 1976 through February 2017) was conducted for commonly used psychotropic drug classes, as well as individual medications commonly prescribed in these classes, along with the MeSH terms "breastfeeding"/"lactation". In each case, we chose studies that describe the pharmacokinetics of passage into breast milk and/or adverse effects in breastfed infants.
RESULTS
No large-scale controlled studies regarding the safety of psychotropic medications in breastfeeding mothers were reported. Based on case reports and small studies, most psychotropic medications produce low milk levels and low plasma levels in the infant, while serious adverse effects in the breastfed infant are rarely reported. Safety data for some psychotropic medications are still unavailable.
CONCLUSION
According to the data available in the literature to date, most psychotropic medications are expected to produce low levels in breast milk with no clinical importance. Nevertheless, an individual risk-benefit assessment of a proposed treatment should always be performed, as inter-individual differences may have a substantial effect on the breastfeeding infant's response to the treatment. Further studies and additional objective data are needed to consolidate and improve our current knowledge of psychopharmacotherapy in breastfeeding women. Birth Defects Research 109:957-997, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Topics: Adult; Benzodiazepines; Breast Feeding; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Lactation; Milk, Human; Mothers; Psychotropic Drugs; Risk Assessment
PubMed: 28714610
DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1077 -
BMC Geriatrics Feb 2013Previous studies suggest that psychotropic drug changes may signal an acute period of time whereby a person is highly vulnerable to fall. It is unknown whether certain...
BACKGROUND
Previous studies suggest that psychotropic drug changes may signal an acute period of time whereby a person is highly vulnerable to fall. It is unknown whether certain classes of psychotropic agents are less safe with respect to the acute risk of falls. Our purpose was to compare fall rates in the 7 days following a change of an antidepressant, antipsychotic, or benzodiazepine. We also identified specific times when residents are at high risk for falls with respect to a psychotropic drug change.
METHODS
Residents in our one-year study included 851 long term care residents from two nursing home facilities in Boston, MA, U.S.A. (May 2010 - May 2011). Drug changes (i.e., new prescriptions or increased dose of a previously used drug) were ascertained using the computerized provider order entry system, whereas falls were ascertained by incident reports. Negative binomial regression was used to compare the rate of falls following a drug change between medication classes. Further, we calculated the rate of falls for each of the 7 days before and 7 days after a psychotropic drug change.
RESULTS
Forty-eight percent of residents were prescribed a new prescription or increased dose of a psychotropic drug during the study. The rate of falls was similar in the 7 days following a change to a SSRI versus non-SSRI antidepressant (11.9 versus 14.4 falls/1,000 person years; p = 0.58), a typical versus an atypical antipsychotic (25.4 versus 17.1 falls/1,000 person years; p = 0.10), or a short versus long acting benzodiazepine (15.2 versus 13.9 falls/1,000 person years; p = 0.23). Fall risk was highest on day 4 before the drug change (19.0 falls/1,000 person days), on the day of the drug change through 2 days after the drug change (17.6-20.3 falls/1,000 person days), and 5-6 days after the drug change (17.6-19.0 falls/1,000 person days).
CONCLUSIONS
In the nursing home, risk of falls was similar following a psychotropic drug change of any class. We observed higher fall risk in the days before, but mostly after the drug change. We recommend that nursing home residents be closely monitored following a psychotropic drug change in an effort to reduce falls.
Topics: Accidental Falls; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cohort Studies; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Nursing Homes; Prospective Studies; Psychotropic Drugs; Risk Factors; Time Factors
PubMed: 23432790
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2318-13-19