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Circulation Journal : Official Journal... 2012
Topics: Angioplasty; Female; Humans; Hypertension, Pulmonary; Male; Pulmonary Circulation
PubMed: 22240603
DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-11-1525 -
The European Respiratory Journal Nov 1996
Topics: Humans; Pulmonary Artery; Pulmonary Circulation; Pulsatile Flow; Respiration; Vascular Resistance; Ventricular Function, Right
PubMed: 8947059
DOI: 10.1183/09031936.96.09112196 -
Journal of Applied Physiology... Mar 1991Pulmonary vascular responses to endothelin (ET-1), a peptide derived from endothelial cells in culture, were investigated in the ovine fetus delivered by cesarean...
Pulmonary vascular responses to endothelin (ET-1), a peptide derived from endothelial cells in culture, were investigated in the ovine fetus delivered by cesarean section from chloralose-anesthetized ewes with intact umbilical circulation. Circulation to the lower left lobe of the fetal lung was isolated in situ and perfused at constant flow with blood withdrawn from the inferior vena cava. Injection of graded doses of ET-1 into the left pulmonary artery decreased pulmonary arterial perfusion pressure in a dose-related manner. At doses of 100, 300, and 1,000 ng, pulmonary vascular resistance per kilogram body weight (PVR/kg) was decreased 30, 40, and 42%, respectively. However, when fetuses were ventilated with 100% oxygen, 100- and 300-ng doses of ET-1 decreased PVR/kg by 5 and 9%, respectively. In contrast, injection of 1,000 ng of ET-1 resulted in a reversal of the response, and PVR/kg was increased by 70%. Ventilation of the right lung alone resulted in a similar reversal of the vasodilator response to 1,000 ng of ET-1, and a 138% increase in PVR/kg was recorded. These studies demonstrate for the first time that ET-1 has vasodilator activity in the normally high-tone ovine fetal pulmonary circulation. In addition, these results show that ET-1 has vasoconstrictor activity in the newly ventilated low-tone pulmonary vasculature. The present data indicate the pulmonary vascular responses to ET-1 are tone dependent in the ovine fetal pulmonary circulation.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Endothelins; Fetus; In Vitro Techniques; Oxygen; Perfusion; Pulmonary Circulation; Sheep; Vascular Resistance; Vasoconstriction
PubMed: 2032988
DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1991.70.3.1228 -
Anesthesiology Clinics Jun 2008One-lung ventilation (OLV) is essential for many thoracic and an increasing number of non-thoracic minimally invasive procedures. Beyond the well-recognized disturbance... (Review)
Review
One-lung ventilation (OLV) is essential for many thoracic and an increasing number of non-thoracic minimally invasive procedures. Beyond the well-recognized disturbance of ventilation-perfusion matching, recent years have seen a mounting body of evidence implicating OLV in the creation of acute lung injury. After reviewing the fundamentals of OLV physiology, this article examines the evidence for altering individual ventilatory parameters toward protective OLV.
Topics: Anesthetics; Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; Intraoperative Complications; Lung; Oxygen; Positive-Pressure Respiration; Pulmonary Circulation; Respiration, Artificial; Thoracic Surgical Procedures; Tidal Volume; Vasoconstriction
PubMed: 18456211
DOI: 10.1016/j.anclin.2008.01.011 -
Journal of Applied Physiology... Apr 1994
Review
Topics: Animals; Capillaries; Erythrocytes; Humans; Plasma; Pulmonary Circulation
PubMed: 8045811
DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1994.76.4.1405 -
Journal of Applied Physiology... Dec 1995Possible mechanisms of action by which endothelin (ET)-1 has an effect on pulmonary vascular resistance and compliance in the canine pulmonary circulation were...
Possible mechanisms of action by which endothelin (ET)-1 has an effect on pulmonary vascular resistance and compliance in the canine pulmonary circulation were investigated in the isolated blood-perfused dog lung by use of vascular occlusion techniques. In the present study, ET-1 (10(-8) M) increased pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary capillary pressure by postcapillary vasoconstriction. In addition, ET-1 decreased total vascular compliance and middle-compartment compliance. Pretreatment with the ETA receptor antagonist BQ-610 (10(-7) M) or the protein kinase C inhibitors staurosporine (10(-6) M) and calphostin C (10(-6) M) completely blocked the pressor effect of ET-1. Elimination of extracellular calcium mobilization through voltage-dependent calcium channels by verapamil (10(-5) M) or modulation of G protein signal transduction by pertussis toxin challenge (15 micrograms/kg) had no significant effect on the ET-1-induced pulmonary vascular response. The results of the present study indicate that ET-1 causes pulmonary vasoconstriction in the canine pulmonary circulation through ETA receptor mediation and protein kinase C activation, possibly leading to intracellular calcium release. In contrast, the ET-1-induced pulmonary vascular response does not appear to involve extracellular calcium entry through voltage-dependent calcium-channel activation or pertussis toxin-sensitive G protein-signaling mechanisms.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Binding, Competitive; Dogs; Endothelins; Female; Lung; Male; Oligopeptides; Pulmonary Circulation; Radioligand Assay; Verapamil
PubMed: 8847268
DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1995.79.6.2014 -
Zeitschrift Fur Erkrankungen Der... 1990As to the examination of pulmonary haemodynamics the microheartcatheterization for sounding the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery should be found more acceptance... (Review)
Review
As to the examination of pulmonary haemodynamics the microheartcatheterization for sounding the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery should be found more acceptance in numerous pulmological and cardiological laboratories for verifying pulmonary hypertension, in preliminary examinations for vitium cordis, in intensive medical care for the continuous registration of haemodynamic parameters or to obtain expert opinion in connection with an occupational disease. Feasible measuring technique and method are put forward for making comparable evaluations. Reference values of haemodynamic parameters at rest and during bicycle exercise in sitting and lying position and regressions calculated on oxygen consumption and on age dependence are set forth. Critical suggestions on obtaining variables are given.
Topics: Cardiac Catheterization; Humans; Lung Diseases; Lung Diseases, Obstructive; Pulmonary Circulation; Pulmonary Heart Disease; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted
PubMed: 2184609
DOI: No ID Found -
Acta Physiologica Academiae Scientiarum... 1957
Topics: Blood Circulation; Pulmonary Circulation; Shock
PubMed: 13444017
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Thoracic Imaging 1993Rapidly evolving magnetic resonance (MR) imaging techniques provide noninvasive approaches to evaluating morphology and quantitative physiologic information about blood... (Review)
Review
Rapidly evolving magnetic resonance (MR) imaging techniques provide noninvasive approaches to evaluating morphology and quantitative physiologic information about blood flow in the pulmonary circulation. Important clinical applications currently include the preoperative and postoperative evaluation of congenital abnormalities, assessment of vascular involvement by extrinsic and intrinsic tumors, identification of central thromboemboli, and diagnosis of vascular lung lesions. Ongoing refinements in pulmonary MR angiography may make it possible to use the technique for the noninvasive detection of acute pulmonary emboli in the near future. Quantitative measurements based upon MR flow-encoding sequences are promising for the evaluation of patients with abnormal degrees or distributions of pulmonary blood flow, for example, those with unilateral lung transplants or pulmonary arterial stenoses. MR contrast agents currently under development also show promise for quantitative measurements of regional pulmonary ventilation and perfusion. The coupling of high-resolution anatomic and functional images renders MR a uniquely attractive and powerful method for evaluating the pulmonary vasculature.
Topics: Humans; Lung; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Pulmonary Circulation; Regional Blood Flow
PubMed: 8315707
DOI: 10.1097/00005382-199321000-00005 -
Chest Sep 1996
Topics: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Pulmonary Circulation; Pulmonary Heart Disease; Receptors, Angiotensin; Renin-Angiotensin System; Saralasin; Vasoconstriction
PubMed: 8797391
DOI: 10.1378/chest.110.3.584