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Clinical and Applied... Aug 2011Venous thromboembolism (VTE), which includes pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT), is a common occurrence in patients undergoing surgery and is a...
Venous thromboembolism (VTE), which includes pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT), is a common occurrence in patients undergoing surgery and is a potentially fatal complication. Especially after lung transplantation, vascular complications can compromise the function of the allograft and limit survival. Typically, the risk of pulmonary infarction after PE in lung transplant recipients is high because the absence or poor development of the collateral bronchial circulation may predispose lung transplant recipients to pulmonary infarction. This article reports 2 cases of PE with associated pulmonary infarction after lung transplantation with significant morbidity.
Topics: Female; Humans; Lung Transplantation; Male; Middle Aged; Pulmonary Embolism; Pulmonary Infarction; Risk Factors; Tomography Scanners, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 20547546
DOI: 10.1177/1076029610371474 -
Radiology and Oncology Sep 2018Background Pleural effusion remains largely unexplored in patients with pulmonary embolism and concurrent pulmonary infarction. The aim of the study was to investigate...
Background Pleural effusion remains largely unexplored in patients with pulmonary embolism and concurrent pulmonary infarction. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between the size of pulmonary infarction and pleural effusion as well as the time course of pleural effusion in patients with pulmonary infarction. Patients and methods Data from 103 patients with pulmonary infarction was retrospectively analysed along with patient comorbidities, size of pulmonary infarction, presence and size of pleural effusion with the time between the onset of clinical symptoms of pulmonary infarction and CT study. Results Assessment of possible correlations between the size of pulmonary infarction and age revealed a significant negative correlation. There was a highly significant difference (p = 0.005) in the mean size of pulmonary infarction in patients with effusion (34.5 cm3) compared to those without it (14.3 cm3), but the size of the effusion had no correlation with the size of pulmonary infarction. The size of the effusion peaked between 4th-5th day after the onset of clinical symptoms of pulmonary infarction. In the first 5 days after the onset of clinical symptoms of pulmonary infarction a significant correlation was found between the size of the effusion and time with approximation of 1.3 mm/12 h. Conclusions The data shows that patients with a pleural effusion are more likely to have a larger pulmonary infarction than those without it. If present, the effusion can be expected to increase in a relatively slow linear fashion in the first 5 days after the onset of clinical symptoms of pulmonary infarction.
Topics: Computed Tomography Angiography; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pleural Effusion; Pulmonary Infarction; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 30210043
DOI: 10.2478/raon-2018-0033 -
European Journal of Radiology Nov 1993Peripheral pulmonary lesions are detectable by ultrasound, the aim of this study was to compare sonograms of pulmonary infarctions with their pathological reports.
OBJECTIVE
Peripheral pulmonary lesions are detectable by ultrasound, the aim of this study was to compare sonograms of pulmonary infarctions with their pathological reports.
SUBJECTIVE
A total of 26 lung infarcts in 15 non-fixed autopsy lungs of patients showing necroscopically pulmonary embolism were examined sonographically in a water-bath no later than 5 h after autopsy with a 5- or 7.5-MHz sector scanner. Five of these patients were suspected of pulmonary embolism and underwent sonographic examinations shortly before their death.
RESULTS
Ultrasound showed mainly wedge-shaped (n = 18), hypoechoic areas. Their location, form and size corresponded exactly with pathological findings. Fresh infarcts were homogeneous and more hypoechoic. Older infarcts were well demarcated and showed a hyperechoic reflex in the center corresponding to the bronchiole; this was a sign of segmental involvement. In two cases it was possible to differentiate thromboembolically congested afferent blood vessel directed to the hilus. Ultrasound images from five living patients were similar to the image of the autopsy lung.
CONCLUSION
In accordance with clinical studies these observations suggest that transthoracic sonography can be an efficient technique in the detection of pulmonary infarction, as well in an early reperfusionable stage as in distinguished infarct formation.
Topics: Humans; Infarction; Lung; Pulmonary Embolism; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 8293743
DOI: 10.1016/0720-048x(93)90098-8 -
The New England Journal of Medicine Apr 1959
Topics: Atrophy; Disease; Hemoglobin C Disease; Humans; Infarction; Lung; Pulmonary Infarction; Spleen; Splenic Diseases
PubMed: 13657308
DOI: 10.1056/NEJM195904302601803 -
European Heart Journal Dec 2008
Topics: Adult; Chest Pain; Constriction, Pathologic; Humans; Male; Pulmonary Infarction; Pulmonary Veins; Radiography
PubMed: 18573866
DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehn283 -
The Lancet. Respiratory Medicine Sep 2021
Topics: Humans; Oxygen; Pulmonary Infarction
PubMed: 34352217
DOI: 10.1016/S2213-2600(21)00329-5 -
Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 2006A 50-year-old woman reporting sudden-onset chest pain was diagnosed as having pulmonary infarction associated with Takayasus arteritis. She had experienced moderate...
A 50-year-old woman reporting sudden-onset chest pain was diagnosed as having pulmonary infarction associated with Takayasus arteritis. She had experienced moderate malaise and cough for 3 months. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed wedge-shaped infiltrative shadows typical of pulmonary infarction in the right lung. Although pulmonary artery involvement in Takayasus arteritis is well documented, most patients show only signs of mild to moderate pulmonary hypertension. Few reports discuss patients with symptoms due to pulmonary infarction as the initial manifestation. Takayasus arteritis should therefore be considered a differential diagnosis in pulmonary infarction.
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Hypertension, Pulmonary; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Middle Aged; Pulmonary Artery; Pulmonary Embolism; Takayasu Arteritis; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 16819253
DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.45.1686 -
Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia :... Feb 2019To determine the incidence of the reversed halo sign (RHS) in patients with pulmonary infarction (PI) due to acute pulmonary embolism (PE), detected by computed... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
Incidence and morphological characteristics of the reversed halo sign in patients with acute pulmonary embolism and pulmonary infarction undergoing computed tomography angiography of the pulmonary arteries.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the incidence of the reversed halo sign (RHS) in patients with pulmonary infarction (PI) due to acute pulmonary embolism (PE), detected by computed tomography angiography (CTA) of the pulmonary arteries, and to describe the main morphological features of the RHS.
METHODS
We evaluated 993 CTA scans, stratified by the risk of PE, performed between January of 2010 and December of 2014. Although PE was detected in 164 scans (16.5%), three of those scans were excluded because of respiratory motion artifacts. Of the remaining 161 scans, 75 (46.6%) showed lesions consistent with PI, totaling 86 lesions. Among those lesions, the RHS was seen in 33 (38.4%, in 29 patients).
RESULTS
Among the 29 patients with scans showing lesions characteristic of PI with the RHS, 25 (86.2%) had a single lesion and 4 (13.8%) had two, totaling 33 lesions. In all cases, the RHS was in a subpleural location. To standardize the analysis, all images were interpreted in the axial plane. Among those 33 lesions, the RHS was in the right lower lobe in 17 (51.5%), in the left lower lobe in 10 (30.3%), in the lingula in 5 (15.2%), and in the right upper lobe in 1 (3.0%). Among those same 33 lesions, areas of low attenuation were seen in 29 (87.9%). The RHS was oval in 24 (72.7%) of the cases and round in 9 (27.3%). Pleural effusion was seen in 21 (72.4%) of the 29 patients with PI and the RHS.
CONCLUSIONS
A diagnosis of PE should be considered when there are findings such as those described here, even in patients with nonspecific clinical symptoms.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Brazil; Computed Tomography Angiography; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Incidence; Lung; Male; Middle Aged; Pleural Effusion; Pulmonary Artery; Pulmonary Embolism; Pulmonary Infarction; Retrospective Studies; Young Adult
PubMed: 30810644
DOI: 10.1590/1806-3713/e20170438 -
Journal of Community Hospital Internal... Jun 2021Rapidly growing evidence has now shown a high incidence of venous thrombosis in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome secondary to novel coronavirus 2, a...
Rapidly growing evidence has now shown a high incidence of venous thrombosis in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome secondary to novel coronavirus 2, a disease now named COVID-19. Accumulating case reports and series have also shown a higher prevalence of arterial thrombosis in these patients as well. Although the pathophysiology remains unknown but likely multifactorial - including endotheliitis from direct viral damage and an underlying hyper-inflammatory state, arterial and venous thrombosis occurrence does not appear to be linked with underlying classic risk factors for venous thromboembolism and may present in healthy patients without significant comorbidities. We present a case of a 22-year-old healthy patient with COVID-19 who developed a pulmonary embolism with a pulmonary infarction, a complication that results from arterial and venous thrombosis of the pulmonary vascular supply resulting in tissue necrosis.
PubMed: 34211651
DOI: 10.1080/20009666.2021.1922132 -
The American Journal of Medicine May 1979A young black man presented with unexplained pleuritic chest pain. A hematologic evaluation revealed sickle cell trait, Chest roentgenograms, ventilation/perfusion lung...
A young black man presented with unexplained pleuritic chest pain. A hematologic evaluation revealed sickle cell trait, Chest roentgenograms, ventilation/perfusion lung scanning and a pleural-parenchymal lung biopsy documented pulmonary infarction. Sickle cell trait with resultant pulmonary infarction should be considered in black subjects with unexplained pulmonary diseases.
Topics: Adult; Anemia, Sickle Cell; Humans; Male; Pneumonia; Pulmonary Embolism; Sickle Cell Trait
PubMed: 443261
DOI: 10.1016/0002-9343(79)91139-2