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Archives of Pathology & Laboratory... May 1980Internal diameter, thickness of media, and surface density of elastin in media of both pulmonary trunk and aorta were determined in a random group of 100 adults. Because...
Internal diameter, thickness of media, and surface density of elastin in media of both pulmonary trunk and aorta were determined in a random group of 100 adults. Because of contrasting results of histologic vs chemical studies of the amount of elastin in the pulmonary trunk, we have used a television image analyzer for objective determination of surface density of elastin in histologic slides, applying the same method to the aorta for comparison. Both caliber and medial thickness of the pulmonary trunk increase somewhat with age. The surface density of elastin in the pulmonary trunk is not influenced by age and averages approximately 26%, with considerable individual variation. In patients with pulmonary hypertension, this percentage is consistently higher. We conclude that the decrease in extensibility of the aging pulmonary trunk is caused by changes in physical properties of the constituents of its wall, rather than by a decreasing elastin content.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aging; Aorta, Thoracic; Arteriosclerosis; Densitometry; Elastin; Female; Humans; Hypertension, Pulmonary; Male; Middle Aged; Pulmonary Artery; Surface Properties
PubMed: 6892757
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Investigative Medicine High... 2021Primary pulmonary artery sarcomas (PPAS) are extremely rare tumors that are often mislabeled as pulmonary emboli (PE). PPAS usually involve the pulmonary trunk and are...
Primary pulmonary artery sarcomas (PPAS) are extremely rare tumors that are often mislabeled as pulmonary emboli (PE). PPAS usually involve the pulmonary trunk and are histologically classified as leiomyosarcoma, spindle cells sarcoma, fibrous histiocytoma, or undifferentiated sarcoma. Our case involved a 78-year-old man with an undifferentiated PPAS confined to the left pulmonary artery that was initially misdiagnosed as a PE. After a month-long delay in treatment in which the patient was prescribed warfarin, the correct diagnosis was made. Pulmonary artery endarterectomy and left lung pneumonectomy were performed, and he survived for 18 months before disease recurrence and death. Our case helps illustrate some of the clinical and radiographic findings that help distinguish PPAS from PE.
Topics: Aged; Humans; Lung; Male; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Pulmonary Artery; Sarcoma; Vascular Neoplasms
PubMed: 33969719
DOI: 10.1177/23247096211014687 -
World Journal For Pediatric &... Jul 2021Isolated unilateral absence of a pulmonary artery (UAPA) is a rare congenital anomaly in which one branch pulmonary artery has no connection to the main pulmonary trunk...
Isolated unilateral absence of a pulmonary artery (UAPA) is a rare congenital anomaly in which one branch pulmonary artery has no connection to the main pulmonary trunk (most often there is ductal origin). Without treatment, it may lead to ipsilateral pulmonary hypoplasia and contralateral pulmonary artery hypertension. To avoid these complications, early surgical repair of UAPA is necessary. Surgical strategies include direct anastomosis between the "isolated" branch pulmonary artery (PA) and the main pulmonary trunk or creation of an interposition graft using prosthetic material or flap techniques. We describe a surgical technique using a totally autologous interposition tube graft.
Topics: Heart Defects, Congenital; Humans; Pulmonary Artery; Transplantation, Autologous; Treatment Outcome; Vascular Malformations
PubMed: 31018755
DOI: 10.1177/2150135119825588 -
The Journal of Thoracic and... Mar 2005
Topics: Animals; Heart Valve Prosthesis; Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation; Humans; Prosthesis Design; Pulmonary Artery; Sheep; Suture Techniques
PubMed: 15746757
DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2004.07.030 -
Cardiovascular Pathology : the Official... 2017We report an autopsy case of intimal sarcoma arising in the pulmonary artery with focal chondrosarcomatous differentiation. A 77-year-old woman presented with a...
We report an autopsy case of intimal sarcoma arising in the pulmonary artery with focal chondrosarcomatous differentiation. A 77-year-old woman presented with a thrombosis-like mass in the pulmonary trunk and underwent endarterectomy. Macroscopically, solid and myxomatous tumor expanded to the pulmonary valve and bilateral main pulmonary arteries. Microscopically, the tumor comprised atypical spindle cells proliferating in a fascicular fashion, as well as occasional bizarre multinucleated cells, within a myxomatous stroma. Less than 5% of the tumor cells showed chondrosarcomatous features. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells were diffusely positive for vimentin and partially positive for cytokeratin AE1/AE3, α-smooth muscle actin, and desmin. Electron microscopic analysis failed to reveal specific somatic differentiation of tumor cells. The patient died 2 days after the surgery because of uncontrollable heart failure. Upon autopsy, residual tumor cells were observed only in the left upper intrapulmonary portion of the pulmonary artery. Although the diagnosis of intimal sarcoma can be challenging, earlier histological confirmation of the tumor would lead to appropriate surgical treatment and improved outcomes.
Topics: Aged; Autopsy; Cell Differentiation; Fatal Outcome; Female; Humans; Pulmonary Artery; Sarcoma; Tunica Intima; Vascular Neoplasms
PubMed: 28797682
DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2017.07.002 -
Veterinary Pathology Jan 1985Four horses are described with rupture of the aortic arch and pulmonary trunk which resulted in a fistula between these vessels. Ruptures were located near the...
Four horses are described with rupture of the aortic arch and pulmonary trunk which resulted in a fistula between these vessels. Ruptures were located near the ligamentum arteriosum. Histological examination of the vessel walls revealed media necrosis which was probably due to intimal thickening and/or medial fibrosis of the vasa vasorum.
Topics: Animals; Aorta; Aortic Rupture; Female; Horse Diseases; Horses; Male; Necrosis; Pulmonary Artery; Rupture, Spontaneous; Vasa Vasorum; Vascular Diseases
PubMed: 3976133
DOI: 10.1177/030098588502200108 -
The Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeon Mar 2009The aim was to investigate a novel palliative shunt performed between the ascending aorta and the main pulmonary artery in patients with pulmonary atresia.
Modified central aortopulmonary shunt with end-to-end anastomosis of the shunt to the pulmonary trunk: Early results of a novel shunt procedure for first-stage palliation of infants with pulmonary atresia and hypoplastic pulmonary arteries.
OBJECTIVE
The aim was to investigate a novel palliative shunt performed between the ascending aorta and the main pulmonary artery in patients with pulmonary atresia.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
Thirteen patients with intracardiac defects [tetralogy of Fallot (seven patients); tetralogy of Fallot and major aortopulmonary collateral arteries (one patient); ventricular septal defect and major aortopulmonary collateral arteries (two patients); tricuspid atresia (three patients)] and pulmonary atresia underwent shunt operation. Patient selection was made based on preoperative echocardiography and perioperative findings. Eight of the patients were female and five were male. Ages and weight ranged between 1-235 days and 2,950-7,900 g, respectively. Preoperative room air oxygen saturation ranged between 68-83 %.
RESULTS
Operations were performed through a median sternotomy. The main pulmonary artery was transected from the right ventricular outflow tract and using a 3-3.5 mm diameter graft, a modified central aortopulmonary shunt was created (graft anastomosis was end-to-end to the pulmonary artery and side-to-side to the aorta). Postoperative oxygen saturation increased 5-10% and diastolic blood pressure decreased by 3-6 mmHg. One hospital mortality occurred, due to sepsis, and two late deaths, one due to pneumonia and one sudden death, occurred in the follow-up period. Patients were followed up for 3-16 months after the operations. During the follow-up period four patients received corrective operations, one unifocalization and three total corrections.
CONCLUSION
Modified central aortopulmonary shunt with end-to-end anastomosis of the shunt to the pulmonary trunk is a novel palliative shunt operation. Our early results with this technique indicate rapid palliation and early achievement of bilateral homogenous adequate pulmonary artery size with a low incidence of overflow to pulmonary circulation and minimal arterial distortion.
Topics: Abnormalities, Multiple; Anastomosis, Surgical; Aorta; Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation; Cardiac Surgical Procedures; Coronary Circulation; Female; Hemodynamics; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Palliative Care; Pulmonary Artery; Pulmonary Atresia; Pulmonary Circulation; Radiography; Sternum; Tetralogy of Fallot
PubMed: 19241309
DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1039045 -
International Journal of Cardiology Oct 1989We have searched for any abnormalities of the pulmonary arteries visualized by angiography in 200 consecutive patients with tetralogy of Fallot. All the patients were...
We have searched for any abnormalities of the pulmonary arteries visualized by angiography in 200 consecutive patients with tetralogy of Fallot. All the patients were studied by conventional right ventricular angiography in the right and left anterior oblique views. Thirty six patients (18%) showed a total of 61 pulmonary artery stenoses, 32 being severe (52%), 17 moderate (28%) and 12 mild (20%). Bifurcational stenoses were the most common (31), followed by stenosis of the main pulmonary trunk, the right or the left pulmonary arteries (22), combined central and peripheral stenosis (6), and isolated peripheral pulmonary artery stenosis (2). Nine patients showed segmental stenosis involving both the right and left pulmonary arteries and three of them had atresia of the left pulmonary artery. The detailed preoperative evaluation of obstruction within the pulmonary arterial pathways is essential in tetralogy of Fallot to ensure normalisation of the right ventricular pressure following total correction.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Angiocardiography; Cardiac Catheterization; Child; Child, Preschool; Constriction, Pathologic; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Pulmonary Artery; Retrospective Studies; Tetralogy of Fallot
PubMed: 2793261
DOI: 10.1016/0167-5273(89)90159-9 -
Folia Morphologica May 2007The rate of growth of the pulmonary trunk during gestation has not been sufficiently determined. The present study was performed on 128 spontaneously aborted human...
The rate of growth of the pulmonary trunk during gestation has not been sufficiently determined. The present study was performed on 128 spontaneously aborted human foetuses aged 15-34 weeks in order to compile normative data for pulmonary trunk dimensions at various gestational ages. With the use of anatomical dissection, digital-image analysis (the Leica QWin Pro 16 system) and statistical analysis (ANOVA, regression analysis) a range of measurements (length, diameter and volume) was analysed for the pulmonary trunk during gestation. No significant gender differences were found (p>0.05). Growth curves were generated of the best fit for the plot for each morphometric feature against gestational age. The results obtained show a statistically significant correlation (p<0.001) between the parameters examined and gestational age. Both the length and diameter of the pulmonary trunk were found to increase in a linear fashion throughout gestation. The length ranged from 3.17+/-0.36 mm to 13.54+/-1.39 mm, according to the linear function y=-5.6035+0.5705x+/-0.9171 (r=0.96). The diameter ranged from 1.51+/-0.24 mm to 5.30+/-1.53 mm, according to the linear model y=-1.4813+0.2154x+/-0.7452 (r=0.86). The pulmonary trunk volume ranged from 5.94+/-2.21 mm3 to 312.37+/-154.34 mm3, according to the quadratic function y=143.2-20.961x+0.791x2+/-63.306 (R2=0.74). The growth curves generated from my data may be useful as a reference for foetal echocardiographers in the detection of congenital cardiovascular abnormalities.
Topics: Female; Fetus; Heart Ventricles; Humans; Lung; Male; Organogenesis; Pulmonary Artery; Pulmonary Circulation; Reference Values; Sex Characteristics
PubMed: 17594671
DOI: No ID Found -
Gynakologisch-geburtshilfliche Rundschau 1994Fetal cardiac measurements derived in the five-chamber and the short-axis view were performed in uncomplicated pregnancies between the 20th and the 40th week of...
Fetal cardiac measurements derived in the five-chamber and the short-axis view were performed in uncomplicated pregnancies between the 20th and the 40th week of gestation. Using cine loop and zoom techniques, the diameters of the aortic and pulmonary valve were measured (n = 157) and the pulmonary trunk/aorta ratio calculated. Normal ranges for both parameters were constructed and correlated with gestational age. Both diameters showed a linear increase during gestation (aorta r = 0.87, pulmonary trunk r = 0.91). The mean pulmonary trunk/aorta ratio had a constant value of 1.25 and showed no changes throughout pregnancy. In 128 fetuses the heart width was further measured and the vessel diameters were presented in correlation to the heart width.
Topics: Aorta, Thoracic; Aortic Valve; Echocardiography; Female; Fetal Heart; Gestational Age; Heart Defects, Congenital; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Pregnancy; Prospective Studies; Pulmonary Artery; Pulmonary Valve; Reference Values; Retrospective Studies; Ultrasonography, Prenatal
PubMed: 7987081
DOI: 10.1159/000272357