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Journal of Cardiac Surgery Nov 2022
Topics: Blood Pressure; Central Venous Pressure; Humans; Prognosis
PubMed: 35920841
DOI: 10.1111/jocs.16826 -
Journal of Hypertension. Supplement :... Dec 1999An increasing amount of data suggests that systolic blood pressure (SBP) and pulse pressure (PP) may more closely relate to and thus favour the atherogenic process than... (Review)
Review
An increasing amount of data suggests that systolic blood pressure (SBP) and pulse pressure (PP) may more closely relate to and thus favour the atherogenic process than does diastolic blood pressure (DBP). The baseline data from the ongoing European Lacidipine Study on Atherosclerosis (ELSA) recently indicated that carotid artery atherosclerosis in normocholesterolaemic patients with mild or moderate essential hypertension is more closely related to SBP and more so PP than to DBP and lipid variables. Other new data point to the effects of hypertension on arterial compliance, as well as the effects of 24-h blood pressure variability on arterial compliance and distensibility. When viewed in their entirety, these data present a compelling case for the closer monitoring of SBP and PP with respect to arterial compliance, and the need for aggressive blood pressure treatment to control and perhaps reverse the underlying pathological changes in arterial structure and function in hypertensive patients.
Topics: Antihypertensive Agents; Arteries; Blood Pressure; Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; Circadian Rhythm; Compliance; Humans; Hypertension; Prognosis; Pulse; Reproducibility of Results; Vascular Resistance
PubMed: 10706328
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Veterinary Emergency and... Jun 2012Changes in arterial pressure due to respiratory phases have been used to predict fluid responsiveness in a number of species and pulse pressure variation (PPV) and...
INTRODUCTION
Changes in arterial pressure due to respiratory phases have been used to predict fluid responsiveness in a number of species and pulse pressure variation (PPV) and systolic pressure variation (SPV) are commonly used. The relationship between PPV and SPV has not been described in horses.
OBJECTIVES
To describe and compare PPV and SPV values of horses under general anesthesia.
METHODS
Twenty-six horses undergoing general anesthesia and receiving mechanical ventilation were enrolled in the study. Recordings of maximal and minimal values of pulse pressure and systolic pressure were calculated every 15 minutes throughout surgery.
RESULTS
Initial PPV was 15.6% (7.9, 33.8) and decreased over the first 30 minutes to 10.7 ± 7.2% (P = 0.03). Initial SPV was 10.3 ± 2.6% and decreased over the first 30 minutes to 7.3 ± 3.3% (P = 0.004). PPV and SPV had a correlation coefficient of 0.52 (P < 0.0001) and a 95% limits of agreement from -7.1% to 14.4%.
CONCLUSION
PPV and SPV measurements in horses do not have strong agreement.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Blood Pressure; Horses; Respiration, Artificial
PubMed: 22702443
DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-4431.2012.00746.x -
Australian Critical Care : Official... Nov 2015Pulse pressure variations (PPV) are mainly influenced by ventilation. The impact of sedation on PPV is not known. The aim of the study was to test the influence of...
OBJECTIVE
Pulse pressure variations (PPV) are mainly influenced by ventilation. The impact of sedation on PPV is not known. The aim of the study was to test the influence of sedation on pulse pressure variation in mechanically ventilated critically ill patients and to compare PPV in critically ill and brain dead patients. Beside the absolute value of PPV, the adjusted values of pulse pressure were used to eliminate influence of ventilation.
DESIGN AND INTERVENTION
Mechanically ventilated patients received four different breath frequencies. At each frequency airway pressure was adjusted to keep the end-tidal CO2 stable. In critically ill patients the frequencies were applied at basal (bispectral index - BIS median 38) and deeper sedation (BIS 29).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Simultaneous haemodynamic and respiratory data including oesophageal pressure were recorded, adjusted PPV were calculated as PPV/VT, PPV/dPair, PPV/dPes where VT is tidal volume, dPair and dPes are airway and oesophageal driving pressures.
SETTING
University Hospital, ICU.
PARTICIPANTS
30 critically ill and 23 patients with a diagnosis of brain death.
RESULTS
The pulse pressure variation did not change significantly during deep sedation compared to basal sedation (median 10.3 vs 10.9%) whereas PPV/dPair increased from 0.7 to 0.8%/cmH2O and PPV/dPes from 1.9%/cmH2O to 2.4%/cmH2O (p=0.04). Patients with a diagnosis of brain death had higher PPV and adjusted PPV than critically ill patients.
CONCLUSION
Deeper sedation increases values of adjusted pulse pressure variation.
Topics: Aged; Blood Pressure; Brain Death; Critical Illness; Female; Hemodynamics; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Positive-Pressure Respiration; Respiration, Artificial
PubMed: 26530412
DOI: 10.1016/j.aucc.2015.02.004 -
La Revue de Medecine Interne Sep 2002
Topics: Arteries; Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular Diseases; Diastole; Humans; Hypertension; Risk Assessment; Systole; Vascular Resistance
PubMed: 12378826
DOI: 10.1016/s0248-8663(02)00669-0 -
Critical Care Medicine Feb 2009
Topics: Blood Pressure; Cardiac Surgical Procedures; Humans; Stroke Volume
PubMed: 19325373
DOI: 10.1097/CCM.0b013e318194d575 -
European Heart Journal Oct 2005
Topics: Aged; Blood Pressure; Brachial Artery; Coronary Disease; Humans; Middle Aged; Pulse; Risk Factors
PubMed: 16141264
DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehi427 -
BMC Research Notes Mar 2021To determine the correlation between anthropometric indices and the selected hemodynamic parameters among secondary adolescents aged 12-17 years.
OBJECTIVES
To determine the correlation between anthropometric indices and the selected hemodynamic parameters among secondary adolescents aged 12-17 years.
RESULTS
Our findings showed weak positive correlation between generally body surface area, neck circumference and conicity index with the hemodynamic parameters (systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, resting pulse rate, mean arterial pressure, rate pressure product and pulse pressure). However, the ponderosity index, body mass index and waist hip ratio showed negative weak correlations with the hemodynamic parameters. There was a significant difference in pulse pressure among the BMI categories. All parameters showed significant (p < 0.05) differences across the categories of neck circumference and waist hip ratio. Generally, in multivariate regression analysis, anthropometric indices showed significant prediction of the hemodynamic parameters.
Topics: Adolescent; Anthropometry; Arterial Pressure; Blood Pressure; Body Mass Index; Child; Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; Obesity; Risk Factors; Waist Circumference; Waist-Hip Ratio
PubMed: 33731195
DOI: 10.1186/s13104-021-05515-w -
Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia May 2017High resting heart rate is considered an important factor for increasing mortality chance in adults. However, it remains unclear whether the observed associations would...
BACKGROUND:
High resting heart rate is considered an important factor for increasing mortality chance in adults. However, it remains unclear whether the observed associations would remain after adjustment for confounders in adolescents.
OBJECTIVES:
To analyze the relationship between resting heart rate, blood pressure and pulse pressure in adolescents of both sexes.
METHODS:
A cross-sectional study with 1231 adolescents (716 girls and 515 boys) aged 14-17 years. Heart rate, blood pressure and pulse pressure were evaluated using an oscillometric blood pressure device, validated for this population. Weight and height were measured with an electronic scale and a stadiometer, respectively, and waist circumference with a non-elastic tape. Multivariate analysis using linear regression investigated the relationship between resting heart rate and blood pressure and pulse pressure in boys and girls, controlling for general and abdominal obesity.
RESULTS:
Higher resting heart rate values were observed in girls (80.1 ± 11.0 beats/min) compared to boys (75.9 ± 12.7 beats/min) (p ≤ 0.001). Resting heart rate was associated with systolic blood pressure in boys (Beta = 0.15 [0.04; 0.26]) and girls (Beta = 0.24 [0.16; 0.33]), with diastolic blood pressure in boys (Beta = 0.50 [0.37; 0.64]) and girls (Beta = 0.41 [0.30; 0.53]), and with pulse pressure in boys (Beta = -0.16 [-0.27; -0.04]).
CONCLUSIONS:
This study demonstrated a relationship between elevated resting heart rate and increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure in both sexes and pulse pressure in boys even after controlling for potential confounders, such as general and abdominal obesity.
FUNDAMENTO:
A frequência cardíaca de repouso é considerada um importante fator de aumento de mortalidade em adultos. Entretanto, ainda é incerto se as associações observadas permanecem após ajuste para fatores de confusão em adolescentes.
OBJETIVOS:
Analisar a relação entre frequência cardíaca de repouso, pressão arterial e pressão de pulso em adolescentes dos dois sexos.
MÉTODOS:
Estudo transversal com 1231 adolescentes (716 meninas e 515 meninos, idade de 14-17 anos). Frequência cardíaca, pressão arterial e pressão de pulso foram avaliadas com esfigmomanômetro oscilométrico validado para essa população. Peso e altura foram medidos com balança eletrônica e estadiômetro, respectivamente, e a circunferência abdominal, com uma fita inextensível. Análise multivariada com regressão linear investigou a relação entre frequência cardíaca de repouso, pressão arterial e pressão de pulso em meninos e meninas, controlando para obesidade geral e abdominal.
RESULTADOS:
Valores maiores de frequência cardíaca de repouso foram observados em meninas (80,1 ± 11,0 bpm) em comparação a meninos (75,9 ± 12,7 bpm) (p ≤ 0,001). Frequência cardíaca de repouso associou-se com pressão arterial sistólica em meninos [Beta = 0,15 (0,04; 0,26)] e meninas [Beta = 0,24 (0,16; 0,33)], com pressão arterial diastólica em meninos [Beta = 0,50 (0,37; 0,64)] e meninas [Beta = 0,41 (0,30; 0,53)], e com pressão de pulso apenas em meninos [Beta = -0,16 (-0,27; -0,04)].
CONCLUSÕES:
Este estudo demonstrou a relação da frequência cardíaca de repouso elevada com aumento das pressões arteriais sistólica e diastólica em ambos os sexos e com pressão de pulso em meninos, mesmo após controle para potenciais fatores de confusão, como obesidade geral e abdominal.
Topics: Adolescent; Age Factors; Arterial Pressure; Blood Pressure; Body Mass Index; Brazil; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Heart Rate; Humans; Male; Rest; Sex Factors; Waist Circumference
PubMed: 28492739
DOI: 10.5935/abc.20170050 -
BMC Anesthesiology Sep 2016The settings of mechanical ventilation, like tidal volume (VT), occasionally need to be adjusted in the process of anesthesia for some special reasons. The aim of this... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
BACKGROUND
The settings of mechanical ventilation, like tidal volume (VT), occasionally need to be adjusted in the process of anesthesia for some special reasons. The aim of this study was therefore to assess the relationship between pulse pressure variations (PPVs) in different settings of VT in anesthetized healthy patients under mechanical ventilation.
METHODS
Sixty nine ASA I-II patients scheduled for gastrointestinal surgery under general anesthesia were included in this prospective study. All the patients were ventilated at a VT of 6, 8 or 10 ml/kg (predicted body weight) with no positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) in a random order after intubation. PPV, mean arterial blood pressure, and other hemodynamic and respiratory parameters were recorded in each VT setting respectively after Partial Pressure of End-Tidal Expiration Carbon Dioxide (PetCO2) maintained between 30 mmHg and 40 mmHg by changing Respiratory Rate (RR) before incision.
RESULTS
The values of PPV at different settings of VT showed a tight correlation between each other (6 vs. 8 ml/kg: r = 0.97, P < 0.0001; 6 vs.10 ml/kg: r = 0.95, P < 0.0001; 8 vs. 10 ml/kg: r = 0.98, P < 0.0001, respectively).
CONCLUSION
There is a direct linear correlation between PPVs at different tidal volumes in anesthetized ASA I-II patients. PPV in any of the 3 VT settings (6, 8 or 10 ml/kg) can deduce that in any other 2 settings. Further studies are needed to explore the effect of intraoperative confounders for this knowledge to be clinically applied.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
NCT01950949 , www.clinicaltrials.gov , July 26, 2013.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anesthesia, General; Blood Pressure; Female; Healthy Volunteers; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Pulse; Respiration, Artificial; Statistics as Topic; Tidal Volume; Young Adult
PubMed: 27609188
DOI: 10.1186/s12871-016-0233-y