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Revue Neurologique Dec 1998Optic neuropathy and putaminal necrosis are the most common sequellae of methanol poisoning. We report a case in a patient with a chronic motor neuro(no)pathy in... (Review)
Review
Optic neuropathy and putaminal necrosis are the most common sequellae of methanol poisoning. We report a case in a patient with a chronic motor neuro(no)pathy in addition to these neurological complications. Peripheral nerve and spinal cord disorders, related to methanol poisoning, are uncommon and probably underestimated.
Topics: Humans; Male; Methanol; Middle Aged; Motor Neuron Disease; Necrosis; Optic Atrophy; Putamen; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 9932309
DOI: No ID Found -
Neuron Mar 2021Policy search lets you discover rules and adapt behavior. In this issue of Neuron, Cohen et al. (2021) demonstrate that the dynamics of neurons in primate anterior...
Policy search lets you discover rules and adapt behavior. In this issue of Neuron, Cohen et al. (2021) demonstrate that the dynamics of neurons in primate anterior cingulate cortex and putamen indicate when a correct policy is discovered and confidence in executing decisions under that policy.
Topics: Animals; Gyrus Cinguli; Learning; Neurons; Putamen
PubMed: 33662270
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2021.02.015 -
Pediatric Neurology Dec 2016Complex motor stereotypies in children are repetitive rhythmic movements that have a predictable pattern and location, seem purposeful, but serve no obvious function,...
BACKGROUND
Complex motor stereotypies in children are repetitive rhythmic movements that have a predictable pattern and location, seem purposeful, but serve no obvious function, tend to be prolonged, and stop with distraction, e.g., arm or hand flapping, waving. They occur in both "primary" (otherwise typically developing) and secondary conditions. These movements are best defined as habitual behaviors and therefore pathophysiologically hypothesized to reside in premotor to posterior putamen circuits. This study sought to clarify the underlying neurobiologic abnormality in children with primary complex motor stereotypies using structural neuroimaging, emphasizing brain regions hypothesized to underlie these atypical behaviors.
METHODS
High-resolution anatomic magnetic resonance images, acquired at 3.0 T, were analyzed in children aged eight to twelve years (20 with primary complex motor stereotypies and 20 typically developing). Frontal lobe subregions and striatal structures were delineated for analysis.
RESULTS
Significant reductions (P = 0.045) in the stereotypies group were identified in total putamen volume but not in caudate, nucleus accumbens, or frontal subregions. There were no group differences in total cerebral volume.
CONCLUSIONS
Findings of a smaller putamen provide preliminary evidence suggesting the potential involvement of the habitual pathway as the underlying anatomic site in primary complex motor stereotypies.
Topics: Child; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Putamen; Stereotypic Movement Disorder
PubMed: 27751663
DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2016.08.023 -
No To Shinkei = Brain and Nerve Aug 1994
Review
Topics: Animals; Brain Mapping; Extremities; Movement; Putamen
PubMed: 7946628
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Neural Transmission (Vienna,... Mar 2018The study of non-human primates in complex behaviors such as rhythm perception and entrainment is critical to understand the neurophysiological basis of human cognition.... (Review)
Review
The study of non-human primates in complex behaviors such as rhythm perception and entrainment is critical to understand the neurophysiological basis of human cognition. Next to reviewing the role of beta oscillations in human beat perception, here we discuss the role of primate putaminal oscillatory activity in the control of rhythmic movements that are guided by a sensory metronome or internally gated. The analysis of the local field potentials of the behaving macaques showed that gamma-oscillations reflect local computations associated with stimulus processing of the metronome, whereas beta-activity involves the entrainment of large putaminal circuits, probably in conjunction with other elements of cortico-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical circuit, during internally driven rhythmic tapping. Thus, this review emphasizes the need of parametric neurophysiological observations in non-human primates that display a well-controlled behavior during high-level cognitive processes.
Topics: Animals; Basal Ganglia; Beta Rhythm; Cognition; Periodicity; Primates; Putamen
PubMed: 28364174
DOI: 10.1007/s00702-017-1716-9 -
Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and... Mar 2023Hemodialysis (HD) is the most regularly applied replacement therapy for end-stage renal disease, but it may result in brain injuries. The correlation between cerebral...
Hemodialysis (HD) is the most regularly applied replacement therapy for end-stage renal disease, but it may result in brain injuries. The correlation between cerebral blood flow (CBF) alteration and iron deposition has not been investigated in patients undergoing HD. Ferritin level may be a dominant factor in CBF and iron deposition change. We hypothesize that ferritin level might be the key mediator between iron deposition and CBF alteration. The correlation in the putamen was estimated between the susceptibility values and CBF in patients undergoing HD. Compared with healthy controls, patients showed more altered global susceptibility values and CBF. The susceptibility value was negatively correlated with CBF in the putamen in patients. Moreover, the susceptibility value was negatively correlated with ferritin level and positively correlated with serum iron level in the putamen of patients. CBF was positively correlated with ferritin level and negatively correlated with serum iron level in the putamen of patients. These findings indicate that iron dyshomeostasis and vascular damage might exist in the putamen in patients. The results revealed that iron dyshomeostasis and vascular damage in the putamen may be potential neural mechanisms for neurodegenerative processes in patients undergoing HD.
Topics: Humans; Putamen; Renal Dialysis; Iron; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Ferritins; Magnetic Resonance Imaging
PubMed: 36284493
DOI: 10.1177/0271678X221134384 -
Neuroreport Jun 2008Models of corticostriatal motor circuitry have focused on the role of the circuit in the hemisphere of the motor cortex providing primary control (contralateral to the...
Models of corticostriatal motor circuitry have focused on the role of the circuit in the hemisphere of the motor cortex providing primary control (contralateral to the movement). We used functional magnetic resonance imaging and functional connectivity analyses to study circuit function in both the controlling and noncontrolling hemispheres. During the completion of a unilateral motor task with either hand, each putamen nucleus demonstrated strong coactivation with structures in both hemispheres. The putamen in the noncontrolling hemisphere (ipsilateral to the movement) coactivated more strongly with the controlling motor cortex than with the noncontrolling cortex. These findings suggest that the two corticostriatal circuits are functionally integrated. New circuit models based on functional connectivity may need to be developed.
Topics: Adult; Brain Mapping; Female; Functional Laterality; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Motor Activity; Oxygen; Psychomotor Performance; Putamen; Task Performance and Analysis
PubMed: 18521000
DOI: 10.1097/WNR.0b013e328302c873 -
Brain and Language Jun 2013Subcortical structures are a key component of bilingual language processing. For instance, there is now evidence that the head of the left caudate is involved in...
Subcortical structures are a key component of bilingual language processing. For instance, there is now evidence that the head of the left caudate is involved in controlling languages in bilingual individuals. On the other hand, the left putamen is hypothesized to be involved in articulatory processes but little is known on its engagement in bilingual language processing. Here, our hypothesis was that the left putamen of multilinguals is engaged when producing words in the less proficient language. We investigated this issue with event-related functional Magnetic Resonance (er-fMRI) in a group of multilinguals (n = 14) and in monolinguals (n = 14) during a picture-naming task. Further, we hypothesized increased grey matter density in the left putamen as an effect of experience since multilinguals constantly face a major articulatory load (i.e., speaking multiple languages) during life. To test these hypotheses we measured structural differences between multilinguals and monolinguals using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). Our results indicate that multilinguals have increased activation in the left putamen for a non-native language, but only if they are not highly proficient in that language. In addition, we found increased grey matter density in the left putamen of multilinguals compared to monolinguals. These findings highlight that the multilingual brain handles a complex articulatory repertoire (i.e., dealing with multiple languages) by inducing structural plasticity in the left putamen.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Brain Mapping; Female; Functional Laterality; Humans; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Multilingualism; Putamen; Young Adult
PubMed: 22538086
DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2012.03.009 -
Movement Disorders : Official Journal... Jan 2017
Topics: Carbolines; Female; Humans; Male; Multiple System Atrophy; Positron-Emission Tomography; Protein Binding; Putamen; Tropanes
PubMed: 27859717
DOI: 10.1002/mds.26857 -
Neuroreport Jul 2008Evidence supporting a role of the caudate and putamen nuclei in associative learning is present. We recorded the activity of 21 caudate and 26 putamen cells in one...
Evidence supporting a role of the caudate and putamen nuclei in associative learning is present. We recorded the activity of 21 caudate and 26 putamen cells in one macaque monkey while performing a visuomotor task, which involved a visual stimulus and the execution of a motor response. Ninety-one percent of caudate cells and 65% of putamen cells showed changes in activity while the monkey was performing the task. Approximately half of the caudate cells and one third of the putamen cells showed changes in activity without a motor response. Our results show that caudate and putamen cells are activated regardless of the presence or absence of a motor action. These findings are consistent with the idea that these nuclei may play a role in associative learning.
Topics: Animals; Caudate Nucleus; Learning; Macaca mulatta; Male; Motion Perception; Motor Activity; Neurons; Photic Stimulation; Putamen
PubMed: 18596616
DOI: 10.1097/WNR.0b013e328307c3fc