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BMJ Case Reports Nov 2023Unilateral chorea movements caused by cavernous haemangioma in the putamen are extremely rare. We report a case with chorea movements linked to cavernous haemangioma,...
Unilateral chorea movements caused by cavernous haemangioma in the putamen are extremely rare. We report a case with chorea movements linked to cavernous haemangioma, localised to an area including the putamen in which pharmacotherapy was found to be ineffective. Symptoms were, however, improved by resection of the cavernous haemangioma. In cases where chorea movements linked to cavernous haemangioma, involving the putamen, prove intractable with watchful waiting or pharmacotherapy, improvement can be expected with surgical removal of the cavernous haemangioma. It is also possible to reduce the risk of complications through the use of intraoperative navigation and monitoring.
Topics: Humans; Chorea; Putamen; Hemangioma, Cavernous
PubMed: 37989329
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2023-257218 -
Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) Jul 2022Striatal loci are connected to both the ipsilateral and contralateral frontal cortex. Normative quantitation of the dissimilarity between striatal loci's hemispheric...
Striatal loci are connected to both the ipsilateral and contralateral frontal cortex. Normative quantitation of the dissimilarity between striatal loci's hemispheric connection profiles and its spatial variance across the striatum, and assessment of how interindividual differences relate to function, stands to further the understanding of the role of corticostriatal circuits in lateralized functions and the role of abnormal corticostriatal laterality in neurodevelopmental and other neuropsychiatric disorders. A resting-state functional connectivity fingerprinting approach (n = 261) identified "laterality hotspots"-loci whose profiles of connectivity with ipsilateral and contralateral frontal cortex were disproportionately dissimilar-in the right rostral ventral putamen, left rostral central caudate, and bilateral caudal ventral caudate. Findings were replicated in an independent sample and were robust to both preprocessing choices and the choice of cortical atlas used for parcellation definitions. Across subjects, greater rightward connectional laterality at the right ventral putamen hotspot and greater leftward connectional laterality at the left rostral caudate hotspot were associated with higher performance on tasks engaging lateralized functions (i.e., response inhibition and language, respectively). In sum, we find robust and reproducible evidence for striatal loci with disproportionately lateralized connectivity profiles where interindividual differences in laterality magnitude are associated with behavioral capacities on lateralized functions.
Topics: Brain Mapping; Corpus Striatum; Functional Laterality; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Neural Pathways; Putamen
PubMed: 34727171
DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab392 -
Neurological Research Mar 2024Nigrostriatal dopaminergic neuron loss is essential in pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). The purpose of this study was to evaluate nigrostriatal structures...
OBJECTIVES
Nigrostriatal dopaminergic neuron loss is essential in pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). The purpose of this study was to evaluate nigrostriatal structures including the putamen, cerebral peduncle, widths of interpeduncular cistern, and ambient cistern around the midbrain with conventional cranial magnetic resonance images (MRI) in patients with PD.
METHODS
The MRI of 56 subjects was included, which was selected from the radiological data system for this retrospective study. The 29 patients with idiopathic PD were included and their disease duration, Hoehn&Yahr stage, and Levodopa equivalent dose (LED) were recorded. The 27 controls had a normal neurologic examination and cranial MRI. All subjects in the patient and control groups had right-hand dominance. Putamen and cerebral peduncle areas and widths of interpeduncular and ambient cisterns were measured in T2 sequences of MRI. Further statistical analysis was applied to exclude gender and age effect on areas.
RESULTS
The areas of putamen and cerebral peduncles were significantly reduced in patients with PD compared to the control bilaterally ( < 0.001). Enlargement of interpeduncular and ambient cisterns in patients was higher than in controls, and it was significant ( < 0.001). A correlation was not observed between measurement results and clinical characteristics of patients with PD. Only the cerebral peduncle area/ambient cistern width ratio was significantly correlated with disease duration positively (right = 0.46 = 0.012, left = 0.389 = 0.037).
CONCLUSION
Clinicians should be careful with conventional MRIs of patients with idiopathic PD in practice. It may be different from controls without any neurological disorder, particularly putamen, cerebral peduncles, interpeduncular, and ambient cisterns.
Topics: Humans; Parkinson Disease; Putamen; Retrospective Studies; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Cerebral Peduncle; Substantia Nigra
PubMed: 37953510
DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2023.2281088 -
No To Hattatsu = Brain and Development Sep 2009Great advances have been made in the causes, lesions and symptoms of cerebral palsy over the years. Children with athetosis have lesions of the ventral lateral nuclei of... (Review)
Review
Great advances have been made in the causes, lesions and symptoms of cerebral palsy over the years. Children with athetosis have lesions of the ventral lateral nuclei of the thalamus and putamen. Cocontraction and overflow are considered essential problems in athetosis. Some patients with a lesion of the ventral lateral nucleus of the thalamus do not show any involuntary movements. Children with periventricular leukomalacia demonstrate various patterns of the hip, knee and ankle in response to bearing body weight. Some of these patients exhibit ataxia, tremor and mouth opening triggered by voluntary movements. They have various central visual disorders or visual cognitive disorders. They also exhibit paroxysmal ocular downward deviation. In early infancy with spastic diplegia, there is no isolated extension of the knee or leg elevation. Hemiplegia results from stroke of the middle cerebral artery or venous infarction during the fetal or neonatal period. Border-zone infarction results from partial asphyxia.
Topics: Athetosis; Cerebral Palsy; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Putamen; Ventral Thalamic Nuclei
PubMed: 19764450
DOI: No ID Found -
PloS One 2023The aim of this work is to quantify the metabolic profile of the human putamen in vivo in a cohort of elderly subjects using single-voxel proton magnetic resonance...
Quantification of the neurochemical profile of the human putamen using STEAM MRS in a cohort of elderly subjects at 3 T and 7 T: Ruminations on the correction strategy for the tissue voxel composition.
The aim of this work is to quantify the metabolic profile of the human putamen in vivo in a cohort of elderly subjects using single-voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. To obtain metabolite concentrations specific to the putamen, we investigated a correction method previously proposed to account for the tissue composition of the volume of interest. We compared the method with the conventional approach, which a priori assumes equal metabolite concentrations in GM and WM. Finally, we compared the concentrations acquired at 3 Tesla (T) and 7 T MRI scanners. Spectra were acquired from 15 subjects (age: 67.7 ± 8.3 years) at 3 T and 7 T, using an ultra-short echo time, stimulated echo acquisition mode sequence. To robustly estimate the WM-to-GM metabolite concentration ratio, five additional subjects were measured for whom the MRS voxel was deliberately shifted from the putamen in order to increase the covered amount of surrounding WM. The concentration and WM-to-GM concentration ratio for 16 metabolites were reliably estimated. These ratios ranged from ~0.3 for γ-aminobutyric acid to ~4 for N-acetylaspartylglutamate. The investigated correction method led to significant changes in concentrations compared to the conventional method, provided that the ratio significantly differed from unity. Finally, we demonstrated that differences in tissue voxel composition cannot fully account for the observed concentration difference between field strengths. We provide not only a fully comprehensive quantification of the neurochemical profile of the putamen in elderly subjects, but also a quantification of the WM-to-GM concentration ratio. This knowledge may serve as a basis for future studies with varying tissue voxel composition, either due to tissue atrophy, inconsistent voxel positioning or simply when pooling data from different voxel locations.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Middle Aged; Brain; Putamen; Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Metabolome
PubMed: 37267283
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286633 -
Proceedings of the National Academy of... Aug 1984Previous microelectrode recordings in the putamen of monkeys have revealed a class of tonically active neurons without apparent behavioral correlates. The present study...
Previous microelectrode recordings in the putamen of monkeys have revealed a class of tonically active neurons without apparent behavioral correlates. The present study shows that such neurons have responses to stimuli that trigger movement but that these responses disappear when motor responses to the stimuli are extinguished. The short latency of the responses (less than for other putamen neurons) suggests that they may play a role in linking conditioned stimuli and responses.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Macaca mulatta; Movement; Periodicity; Putamen
PubMed: 6589643
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.81.15.4998 -
Nutrients May 2022Huntington's disease (HD) is a genetic, neurodegenerative illness that onsets in late adulthood as a series of progressive and terminal cognitive, motor, and psychiatric...
Huntington's disease (HD) is a genetic, neurodegenerative illness that onsets in late adulthood as a series of progressive and terminal cognitive, motor, and psychiatric deficits. The disease is caused by a polyQ mutation in the Huntingtin gene (), producing a polyglutamine expansion in the Huntingtin protein (HTT). HTT interacts with phospholipids in vitro; however, its interactions are changed when the protein is mutated in HD. Emerging evidence suggests that the susceptibility of brain regions to pathological stimuli is influenced by lipid composition. This study aimed to identify and phospholipids are changed in human HD brain tissue. Phospholipids were extracted using a modified MTBE method from the post-mortem brain of 13 advanced-stage HD patients and 13 age- and sex-matched controls. Targeted precursor ion scanning mass spectrometry was used to detect phospholipid species. In the white cortex of HD patients, there was a significantly lower abundance of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylserine (PS), but no difference in phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). In HD putamen, ester-linked 22:6 was lower in all phospholipid classes promoting a decrease in the relative abundance of ester polyunsaturated fatty acids in PE. No differences in phospholipid composition were identified in the caudate, grey cortex or cerebellum. Ether-linked PE fatty acids appear protected in the HD brain, as no changes were identified. The nature of phospholipid alterations in the HD brain is dependent on the lipid (subclass, species, and bond type) and the location.
Topics: Adult; Esters; Frontal Lobe; Humans; Huntington Disease; Phospholipids; Putamen
PubMed: 35631226
DOI: 10.3390/nu14102086 -
Clinical Toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.) 2006
Topics: Brain Infarction; Humans; Male; Methanol; Middle Aged; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Poisoning; Putamen; Seizures; Solvents; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 16496501
DOI: 10.1080/15563650500479604 -
Cerebellum (London, England) Oct 2023The exact pathophysiology of cognitive impairment in multiple system atrophy (MSA) is unclear. In our longitudinal study, we aimed to analyze (I) the relationships...
The exact pathophysiology of cognitive impairment in multiple system atrophy (MSA) is unclear. In our longitudinal study, we aimed to analyze (I) the relationships between cognitive functions and some subcortical structures, such as putamen and cerebellum assessed by voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and T1-weighted/T2-weighted (T1w/T2w) ratio, and (II) the neuroimaging predictors of the progression of cognitive deficits. Twenty-six patients with MSA underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological battery, motor examination, and brain MRI at baseline (T) and 1-year follow-up (T). Patients were then divided according to cognitive status into MSA with normal cognition (MSA-NC) and MSA with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). At T, we divided the sample according to worsening/non worsening of cognitive status compared to baseline evaluation. Logistic regression analysis showed that age (β = - 9.45, p = .02) and T1w/T2w value in the left putamen (β = 230.64, p = .01) were significant predictors of global cognitive status at T, explaining 65% of the variance. Logistic regression analysis showed that ∆-values of WM density in the cerebellum/brainstem (β = 2188.70, p = .02) significantly predicted cognitive worsening at T, explaining 64% of the variance. Our results suggest a role for the putamen and cerebellum in the cognitive changes of MSA, probably due to their connections with the cortex. The putaminal T1w/T2w ratio may deserve further studies as a marker of cognitive impairment in MSA.
Topics: Humans; Multiple System Atrophy; Putamen; Longitudinal Studies; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Cerebellum; Cognitive Dysfunction; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
PubMed: 35982370
DOI: 10.1007/s12311-022-01455-8 -
Brain Research Sep 1997The differences in dopamine turnover rate between the putamen and the caudate nucleus in the striatum lesioned by a neurotoxin...
The differences in dopamine turnover rate between the putamen and the caudate nucleus in the striatum lesioned by a neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) were studied in the common marmoset, a small New World monkey. Systemic administration of MPTP damaged equally and dose-dependently nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons projecting both to the caudate nucleus and the putamen. The compensatory increase of dopamine turnover, however, occurred more prominently in the putamen than in the caudate. The neural connection and function of the caudate nucleus and the putamen have been differentiated anatomically or physiologically. The compensatory increase of dopamine turnover rate is another different aspect of functions between the caudate nucleus and the putamen. Dopaminergic neurons projecting to the putamen showed more prominent cell loss than those projecting to the caudate in Parkinson's disease or related disorders. The selective augmented turnover rate of lesioned dopaminergic neurons might be, at least partly, involved with selective degeneration of nigrostriatal neurons projecting to the putamen.
Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Callithrix; Caudate Nucleus; Dopamine; Dopamine Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Male; Putamen
PubMed: 9367253
DOI: 10.1016/s0006-8993(97)00584-2