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Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia =... Jul 1991Infantile pyloric stenosis is the most frequently encountered infant gastrointestinal obstruction in most general hospitals. Although the primary therapy for pyloric... (Review)
Review
Infantile pyloric stenosis is the most frequently encountered infant gastrointestinal obstruction in most general hospitals. Although the primary therapy for pyloric stenosis is surgical, it is essential to realize that pyloric stenosis is a medical and not a surgical emergency. Preoperative preparation is the primary factor contributing to the low perioperative complication rates and the necessity to recognize fluid and electrolyte imbalance is the key to successful anaesthetic management. Careful preoperative therapy to correct severe deficits may require several days to ensure safe anaesthesia and surgery. The anaesthetic records of 100 infants with pyloric stenosis were reviewed. Eighty-five per cent of the infants were male (i.e., 5.7:1 male to female ratio) 12% were prematures. Surgical correction was undertaken at an average age of 5.6 wk, and the average weight of the infants at the time of surgery was 4 kg. A clinical diagnosis of pyloric stenosis by history and physical examination alone was made in 73% of the infants presenting to The Hospital for Sick Children. All the infants received general anaesthesia for the surgical procedure and there were no perioperative deaths.
Topics: Anesthesia; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Preoperative Care; Pyloric Stenosis
PubMed: 1934223
DOI: 10.1007/BF03008206 -
Pediatric Annals Dec 2001
Review
Topics: Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Pyloric Stenosis; United States
PubMed: 11766203
DOI: 10.3928/0090-4481-20011201-09 -
American Family Physician Jun 1993Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is a gastrointestinal tract disorder common in infancy. The disorder causes projectile vomiting, weight loss, and fluid and electrolyte... (Review)
Review
Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is a gastrointestinal tract disorder common in infancy. The disorder causes projectile vomiting, weight loss, and fluid and electrolyte abnormalities. The problem can usually be diagnosed by clinical symptoms and manual detection of an enlarged pylorus. When the diagnosis cannot be confirmed by these methods, however, imaging studies are relevant. Until recently, plain radiographs and upper gastrointestinal contrast studies have been used to make the diagnosis, but ultrasonography is becoming the method of choice because it is highly accurate and lacks the ionizing radiation inherent in a radiologic procedure. Surgery provides a safe and effective treatment.
Topics: Female; Humans; Hypertrophy; Infant; Male; Pyloric Stenosis; Radiography; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 8498286
DOI: No ID Found -
Hospital Pediatrics Dec 2019
Review
Topics: Humans; Infant; Pyloric Stenosis; Ultrasonography; United States
PubMed: 31748238
DOI: 10.1542/hpeds.2019-0254 -
Radiologic Technology 2004
Review
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Diagnostic Imaging; Humans; Hypertrophy; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Pyloric Stenosis
PubMed: 15085639
DOI: No ID Found -
Seminars in Pediatric Surgery Feb 2022
Topics: Humans; Infant; Pyloric Stenosis; Pylorus
PubMed: 35305799
DOI: 10.1016/j.sempedsurg.2022.151145 -
The American Surgeon Sep 2018
Topics: Fluoroscopy; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Laparoscopy; Male; Pyloric Stenosis; Pyloric Stenosis, Hypertrophic; Pylorus; Recurrence; Reoperation
PubMed: 30269705
DOI: No ID Found -
Pediatrics in Review Apr 1990
Review
Topics: Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Pyloric Stenosis
PubMed: 2195475
DOI: 10.1542/pir.11-10-292 -
Radiology May 2003Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is a common condition affecting young infants; despite its frequency, it has been recognized only for a little over a century,... (Review)
Review
Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is a common condition affecting young infants; despite its frequency, it has been recognized only for a little over a century, and its etiology remains unknown. Nevertheless, understanding of the condition and of effective treatment have undergone a remarkable evolution in the 20th century, reducing the mortality rate from over 50% to nearly 0%. The lesion is characterized by gastric outlet obstruction and multiple anatomic abnormalities of the pyloric antrum. The antropyloric muscle is abnormally thickened and innervated, and the intervening lumen is obstructed by crowded and redundant mucosa. Recognition of the obstructive role of the mucosa led to discovery of effective surgical treatment. Accurate clinical diagnosis in patients in whom a thickened antropyloric muscle is not readily palpable can be difficult, resulting in delayed diagnosis and can lead to emaciation and electrolyte imbalance, making the patient a suboptimal surgical candidate. Current imaging techniques, particularly sonography, are noninvasive and accurate for identification of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. Successful imaging requires understanding of anatomic changes that occur in patients with this condition and plays an integral role in patient care. Accurate, rapid, noninvasive imaging techniques facilitate rapid referral of vomiting infants and prompt surgical treatment of more suitable surgical candidates.
Topics: Algorithms; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Hypertrophy; Infant; Pyloric Stenosis
PubMed: 12637675
DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2272011329 -
Pediatrics in Review Jul 2000
Topics: Alkalosis; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Prognosis; Pyloric Stenosis
PubMed: 10878190
DOI: 10.1542/pir.21-7-249