-
The Canadian Journal of Neurological... Feb 1995An 18-year-old man was treated from birth with chronic high dose pyridoxine (vitamin B6) up to 2000 mg per day for pyridoxine-dependent seizures. Within two years of...
An 18-year-old man was treated from birth with chronic high dose pyridoxine (vitamin B6) up to 2000 mg per day for pyridoxine-dependent seizures. Within two years of onset of treatment, he developed a sensory neuropathy which did not progress over the following 16 years. Electrophysiological studies were consistent with a pure sensory neuronopathy expressed as centripetal degeneration of processes of the dorsal root ganglion cells.
Topics: Action Potentials; Adolescent; Electrophysiology; Epilepsy; Ganglia, Spinal; Humans; Iatrogenic Disease; Male; Pyridoxine; Seizures; Sensation Disorders; Tibia
PubMed: 7750075
DOI: 10.1017/s0317167100040506 -
Medical Hypotheses Dec 1989Pyridoxine deficiency and 4'-deoxypyridoxine produce acrodynia in rats and seborrheic dermatitis in man. They also produce tumor inhibition in man and animals....
Pyridoxine deficiency and 4'-deoxypyridoxine produce acrodynia in rats and seborrheic dermatitis in man. They also produce tumor inhibition in man and animals. Pyridoxine is extensively involved in metabolism and its relationship to the inhibitor 4'-deoxypyridoxine is complex. Pyridoxine deficiency and antagonism increases ground substance viscosity. This increase the inflammatory reactivity of the skin to produce acrodynia in rats and seborrheic dermatitis in man. The increase in ground substance viscosity would explain the increased resistance to tumors in man and animals. Pyridoxine is important in protein metabolism. The protein moiety of glycosaminoglycans in ground substance is small but plays a major role in tissue viscosity. Pyridoxine deficiency or antagonism by itself does not offer a definitive answer for tumors. Combined with substances that stimulate fibroblast or glycosaminoglycans production it may have a significant additive effect.
Topics: Acrodynia; Animals; Dermatitis, Seborrheic; Humans; Inflammation; Models, Biological; Neoplasms; Pyridoxine; Viscosity; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency
PubMed: 2533316
DOI: 10.1016/0306-9877(89)90037-6 -
The Journal of Physical Chemistry. A Nov 2011Two different reaction types for the photolysis of pyridoxine-aromatic ring-opening and photodissociation-have been studied in the Density Functional Theory (DFT)...
Two different reaction types for the photolysis of pyridoxine-aromatic ring-opening and photodissociation-have been studied in the Density Functional Theory (DFT) framework. Our results show that neither photolytic ring-opening, dehydroxymethylation, demethylation nor dehydroxylation from the aromatic ring can be induced spontaneously in UV-irradiated pyridoxine, due to the high barriers along the reaction coordinates in the excited states. However, the simultaneous dehydroxylation of the C4-bound hydroxymethyl group and dehydrogenation of the ring bound hydroxyl substituent, selectively generating ortho-quinone methide and water, does occur after UV exposure. The findings correlate very well with available experimental data. The geometries of pyridoxine, its various transition states and products are optimized in the ground and first excited states in vacuum within the TD-DFT formalism.
Topics: Molecular Structure; Photolysis; Pyridoxine; Quantum Theory
PubMed: 21995706
DOI: 10.1021/jp205724k -
Lancet (London, England) Dec 1999
Topics: Breast Feeding; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Pregnancy; Pyridoxine; Recurrence; Spasms, Infantile
PubMed: 10636399
DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)76825-2 -
Annual Review of Nutrition 1984
Review
Topics: Animals; Biological Transport; Diffusion; Digestion; Erythrocytes; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Intestinal Mucosa; Kidney; Liver; Muscles; Nutritional Requirements; Pyridoxal; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Pyridoxamine; Pyridoxine
PubMed: 6380540
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.nu.04.070184.002323 -
Canadian Medical Association Journal Feb 1984
Topics: Humans; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Pyridoxine
PubMed: 6318945
DOI: No ID Found -
Revista Paulista de Medicina Jun 1949
Topics: Humans; Pyridoxine; Tinnitus
PubMed: 18135239
DOI: No ID Found -
Neurochemical Pathology 1985In very high doses, pyridoxine is neurotoxic in humans and other animals. Using morphometry and a model system of dorsal root ganglion neurons in culture, we found that...
In very high doses, pyridoxine is neurotoxic in humans and other animals. Using morphometry and a model system of dorsal root ganglion neurons in culture, we found that several analogs of pyridoxine were neurotoxic in vitro. Those that may be converted into active coenzymes--pyridoxal, pyridoxine, and pyridoxamine--were almost equal in toxicity. Pyridoxic acid, which is not active, was nontoxic. Pyridoxamine 5-phosphate, which cannot enter cells, also was nontoxic. Several hypotheses that link coenzyme function to toxic effect are described.
Topics: Animals; Binding Sites; Biotransformation; Cells, Cultured; Coenzymes; Ganglia, Spinal; Neurons; Pyridoxine; Rats
PubMed: 4094726
DOI: 10.1007/BF02834268 -
BioMed Research International 2015Opportunistic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis often form rigid biofilms on tissues and inorganic surfaces. In the biofilm bacterial cells...
Opportunistic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis often form rigid biofilms on tissues and inorganic surfaces. In the biofilm bacterial cells are embedded in a self-produced polysaccharide matrix and thereby are inaccessible to biocides, antibiotics, or host immune system. Here we show the antibacterial activity of newly synthesized cationic biocides, the quaternary ammonium, and bisphosphonium salts of pyridoxine (vitamin B6) against biofilm-embedded Staphylococci. The derivatives of 6-hydroxymethylpyridoxine were ineffective against biofilm-embedded S. aureus and S. epidermidis at concentrations up to 64 μg/mL, although all compounds tested exhibited low MICs (2 μg/mL) against planktonic cells. In contrast, the quaternary ammonium salt of pyridoxine (N,N-dimethyl-N-((2,2,8-trimethyl-4H-[1,3]dioxino[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)methyl)octadecan-1-aminium chloride (3)) demonstrated high biocidal activity against both planktonic and biofilm-embedded bacteria. Thus, the complete death of biofilm-embedded S. aureus and S. epidermidis cells was obtained at concentrations of 64 and 16 μg/mL, respectively. We suggest that the quaternary ammonium salts of pyridoxine are perspective to design new synthetic antibiotics and disinfectants for external application against biofilm-embedded cells.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biofilms; Pyridoxine; Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcus epidermidis
PubMed: 26839888
DOI: 10.1155/2015/890968 -
Acta Neurologica Scandinavica Jul 1987A newly recognised neurotoxic syndrome due to pyridoxine (B6) overdose is described. It is the largest series of B6 intoxication hitherto reported. A raised serum B6...
A newly recognised neurotoxic syndrome due to pyridoxine (B6) overdose is described. It is the largest series of B6 intoxication hitherto reported. A raised serum B6 level was present in 172 women of whom 60% had neurological symptoms, which disappeared when B6 was withdrawn and reappeared in 4 cases when B6 was restarted. The mean dose of B6 in the 103 women with neurological symptoms was 117 +/- 92 mgs, compared with 116.2 +/- 66 mgs in the control group. There was a significant difference (P less than 0.01) in the average duration of ingestion of B6 in the neurotoxic group of 2.9 +/- 1.9 years compared with 1.6 +/- 2.1 years in controls. The symptoms were paraesthesia, hyperaesthesia, bone pains, muscle weakness, numbness and fasciculation, most marked on the extremities and predominantly bilateral unless there was a history of previous trauma to the limb. These women were taking a lower dose of B6 than previously described (1,2), which may account for the complete recovery within 6 months of stopping B6.
Topics: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Humans; Hyperesthesia; Middle Aged; Nervous System Diseases; Neuromuscular Diseases; Paresthesia; Premenstrual Syndrome; Pyridoxine; Sensation
PubMed: 3630649
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1987.tb03536.x