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Maryland State Medical Journal May 1952
Topics: Disease; Iodides; Iodine; Iodine Radioisotopes; Radioactivity; Thyroid Diseases; Thyroid Gland
PubMed: 14956188
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Environmental Radioactivity Jan 2023Iodine-129 is present in controlled liquid radioactive waste routinely released in seawater by the ORANO nuclear fuel reprocessing plant in La Hague (Normandy, France)....
Iodine-129 is present in controlled liquid radioactive waste routinely released in seawater by the ORANO nuclear fuel reprocessing plant in La Hague (Normandy, France). Brown algae are known for their exceptional ability to concentrate iodine from seawater. They also potentially emit volatile iodine compounds in response to various stresses, such as during emersion at low tide. For these reasons, brown seaweed is routinely collected for radioactivity monitoring in the marine environment (Fucus serratus and Laminaria digitata). Despite the high concentration ratio, the exact mechanism of iodine uptake is still unclear. Chemical imaging by laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry provided evidence that iodine is stored by kelps as I. In this study we investigate in vivo iodine uptake in kelps (L. digitata) with an emphasis on seawater iodine chemical speciation. Our results showed that kelp plantlets were able to take up iodine in the forms of both IO and I. We also observed transient net efflux of I back to seawater but no IO efflux. Since the seaweed stores I but takes up both IO and I, IO was likely to be converted into I at some point in the plantlet. One major outcome of our experiments was the direct observation of the kelp-based biogenic conversion of seawater IO into I. On the basis of both IO and I uptakes by the seaweed, we propose new steps in the possible iodine concentration mechanism used by brown algae.
Topics: Seaweed; Radioactivity; Radiation Monitoring; Iodine; Seawater; Vegetables
PubMed: 36308944
DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2022.107045 -
The Veterinary Record Sep 2021Radioactive iodine (RAI) is considered the gold standard treatment for feline hyperthyroidism. Currently exposure limits to radiation are regulated by national...
BACKGROUND
Radioactive iodine (RAI) is considered the gold standard treatment for feline hyperthyroidism. Currently exposure limits to radiation are regulated by national legislation, therefore the length of the isolation period in hospital for cats receiving radioactive treatment varies according to the place where the radioactive facility is located. The aim of this study was to establish when retained radioactivity decreases in cats receiving subcutaneous I-131 to a level that would allow discharge of cats from the hospital while being compliant with current United Kingdom legislation.
METHODS
Clinical records of cats treated with subcutaneous I-131 were retrospectively reviewed. Radioactive emission rates were measured using an external probe. Retained radioactivity below 11 MBq at the point of discharge was required by the initial risk assessment to ensure that a 0.3 mSv dose constraint was maintained for owners following standard cat-owner contact restrictions. Average retained activity for each treatment regimen at the time of discharge was calculated. The biological half-life for iodine retention was also calculated.
RESULTS
Overall, an end activity below 11 MBq was reached at day 11 in 49% of cats, and at day 13 in 91% of cats. These cats were allowed to be discharged according to UK legislation, as long as contact restrictions were applied at home for 2 weeks.
CONCLUSION
Based on our study, an isolation period of 13 days before allowing discharge of cats treated with subcutaneous RAI (I-131) is compliant with current UK legislation.
Topics: Animals; Cat Diseases; Cats; Hyperthyroidism; Iodine; Iodine Radioisotopes; Radioactivity; Retrospective Studies; Thyroid Neoplasms
PubMed: 33818767
DOI: 10.1002/vetr.196 -
Canadian Medical Association Journal May 1950
Topics: Iodides; Iodine; Iodine Radioisotopes; Radioactivity; Radioisotopes; Thyroid Gland
PubMed: 15411635
DOI: No ID Found -
Science (New York, N.Y.) May 1949
Topics: Humans; Iodine; Radioactivity; Radioisotopes
PubMed: 17814511
DOI: 10.1126/science.109.2836.456 -
Tidsskrift For Den Norske Laegeforening... Apr 2022
Topics: Humans; Iodine; Radioactivity
PubMed: 35383457
DOI: 10.4045/tidsskr.22.0184 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2022Iodine is an essential element for the production of thyroid hormones (THs). Both deficient and excess iodine intakes may precipitate in adverse thyroidal events.... (Review)
Review
Iodine is an essential element for the production of thyroid hormones (THs). Both deficient and excess iodine intakes may precipitate in adverse thyroidal events. Radioactive iodine (RI) is a common byproduct of nuclear fission processes. During nuclear emergencies RI may be released in a plume, or cloud, contaminating the environment. If inhaled or ingested, it may lead to internal radiation exposure and the uptake of RI mainly by the thyroid gland that absorbs stable iodine (SI) and RI in the same way. A dose of radiation delivered to the thyroid gland is a main risk factor for the thyroid cancer development. The SI prophylaxis helps prevent childhood thyroid cancer. The thyroid gland saturation with prophylactic SI ingestion, reduces the internal exposure of the thyroid by blocking the uptake of RI and inhibiting iodide organification. However, negative impact of inadequate SI intake must be considered. We provide an overview on the recommended iodine intake and the impact of SI and RI on thyroid in children and adolescents, discussing the benefits and adverse effects of the prophylactic SI for thyroid blocking during a nuclear accident. The use of SI for protection against RI may be recommended in cases of radiological or nuclear emergencies, moreover the administration of iodine for prophylactic purposes should be cautious. Benefits and risks should also be considered according to age. Adverse effects from iodine administration cannot be excluded. Precise indications are mandatory to use the iodine for thyroid blocking. Due to this natural adaption mechanism it's possible to tolerate large doses of iodine without clinical effects, however, a prolonged assumption of the iodine when not needed can be dangerous and may precipitate in severe thyroidal and non-thyroidal negative effects.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Disasters; Emergencies; Halogenation; Humans; Iodides; Iodine; Iodine Radioisotopes; Thyroid Neoplasms
PubMed: 35692388
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.901620 -
Journal of the American Medical... Dec 1946
Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Humans; Iodine; Iodine Radioisotopes; Radioactivity; Thyroid Neoplasms
PubMed: 20274882
DOI: 10.1001/jama.1946.02870490016004 -
Canadian Medical Association Journal Jun 1951
Topics: Iodides; Iodine; Iodine Compounds; Radioactivity; Thyroid Diseases; Thyroid Gland
PubMed: 14839595
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of the American Medical... May 1946
Topics: Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Iodine; Iodine Radioisotopes; Radioactivity; Radioisotopes; Thyroid Function Tests; Thyroid Gland
PubMed: 21025609
DOI: 10.1001/jama.1946.02870190005002