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The Cochrane Database of Systematic... Sep 2018Art therapy is defined by the British Association of Art Therapists as: "a form of psychotherapy that uses art media as its primary mode of communication. Clients who... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Art therapy is defined by the British Association of Art Therapists as: "a form of psychotherapy that uses art media as its primary mode of communication. Clients who are referred to an art therapist need not have experience or skill in art. The art therapist is not primarily concerned with making an aesthetic or diagnostic assessment of the client's image. The overall aim of its practitioners is to enable a client to change and grow on a personal level through the use of art materials in a safe and facilitating environment". Historically, drawings and paintings have been recognised as a useful part of therapeutic processes within psychiatric and psychological specialties, and this has been acknowledged within medical and neurology-based disciplines.Arts-based therapies are generally considered as interventions managing manifestations of dementia, as they may help to slow cognitive deterioration, address symptoms related to psychosocially challenging behaviours and improve quality of life.
OBJECTIVES
To review the effects of art therapy as an adjunctive treatment for dementia compared with standard care and other non-pharmacological interventions.
SEARCH METHODS
We identified trials from ALOIS - the Cochrane Dementia and Cognitive Improvement Group's Specialised Register - on 12 May 2014, 20 March 2015, 15 January 2016, 4 November 2016, and 4 October 2017. We also handsearched the grey literature and contacted specialists in the field and authors of relevant reviews or studies to enquire about other sources of relevant information.
SELECTION CRITERIA
All randomised controlled trials examining art therapy as an intervention for dementia.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
Two review authors independently extracted data. We examined scales measuring cognition, affect and emotional well-being, social functioning, behaviour and quality of life.
MAIN RESULTS
We found two studies that met the inclusion criteria, incorporating data on a total of 60 participants (from 88 randomised), in experimental groups (n = 29) and active control groups (n = 31). One study compared group art therapy with simple calculation activities over 12 weeks. The other study compared group art therapy with recreational activities over 40 weeks. It was not possible to pool the data for analysis from the included studies, due to heterogeneity in terms of differences in the interventions, control treatments and choice of outcome measures.In both studies there were no clear changes reported between the intervention group and the control group in the important outcome measures. According to GRADE ratings, we judged the quality of evidence for these outcome measures to be 'very low'.
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS
There is insufficient evidence about the efficacy of art therapy for people with dementia. More adequately-powered and high-quality studies using relevant outcome measures are needed.
Topics: Art Therapy; Dementia; Humans; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Recreation Therapy
PubMed: 30215847
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD011073.pub2 -
Developmental Medicine and Child... Jan 2020To explore the relationship between rehabilitation therapies and development in children with cerebral palsy (CP).
AIM
To explore the relationship between rehabilitation therapies and development in children with cerebral palsy (CP).
METHOD
We conducted a prospective, longitudinal study involving 656 children with CP (mean age [SD] 6y [2y 8mo] at study entry; 1y 6mo-11y 11mo; 287 females, 369 males), and their parents. Children were assessed two to five times over 2 years by therapists using standardized measures of balance and walking endurance. Parents completed questionnaires on demographics, rehabilitation therapies, and their children's performance in self-care and participation in recreation. Therapists and parents collaboratively classified children's Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels. We created longitudinal graphs for each GMFCS level, depicting change across time using centiles. Using multinomial models, we analyzed the relationship between therapies (amount, focus, family-centeredness, and the extent therapies met children's needs) and whether change in balance, walking endurance, and participation was 'more than' and 'less than' the reference of 'as expected'.
RESULTS
Children were more likely to progress 'more than expected' when participating in recreation when therapies were family-centered, met children's needs, and focused on structured play/recreation. A focus on health and well-being was positively associated with participation and self-care. The amount of therapy did not predict outcomes.
INTERPRETATION
Therapy services that are family-centered, consider the needs of the child, and focus on structured play/recreational activities and health/well-being may enhance the development of children with CP.
WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS
Family-centered rehabilitation therapies were positively associated with greater participation in family/recreation activities and walking endurance. Parental perception that rehabilitation therapies met children's needs was associated with greater participation in family/recreation activities. Structured play, recreational activities, and health/well-being are important for self-care and participation when planning rehabilitation therapy. The amount of rehabilitation therapy was not related to developmental outcomes.
Topics: Cerebral Palsy; Child; Child, Preschool; Family; Female; Humans; Infant; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Occupational Therapy; Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care; Patient Satisfaction; Physical Therapy Modalities; Recreation Therapy; Severity of Illness Index; Speech Therapy
PubMed: 31353456
DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.14325 -
International Journal of Environmental... Jul 2017Current literature supports the comprehensive health benefits of exposure to nature and green environments on human systems. The aim of this state-of-the-art review is... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Current literature supports the comprehensive health benefits of exposure to nature and green environments on human systems. The aim of this state-of-the-art review is to elucidate empirical research conducted on the physiological and psychological effects of Shinrin-Yoku (or Forest Bathing) in transcontinental Japan and China. Furthermore, we aim to encourage healthcare professionals to conduct longitudinal research in Western cultures regarding the clinically therapeutic effects of Shinrin-Yoku and, for healthcare providers/students to consider practicing Shinrin-Yoku to decrease undue stress and potential burnout.
METHODS
A thorough review was conducted to identify research published with an initial open date range and then narrowing the collection to include papers published from 2007 to 2017. Electronic databases (PubMed, PubMed Central, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Scopus) and snowball references were used to cull papers that evaluated the use of Shinrin-Yoku for various populations in diverse settings.
RESULTS
From the 127 papers initially culled using the Boolean phrases: "Shinrin-yoku" AND/OR "forest bathing" AND/OR "nature therapy", 64 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this summary review and then divided into "physiological," "psychological," "sensory metrics" and "frameworks" sub-groups.
CONCLUSIONS
Human health benefits associated with the immersion in nature continue to be currently researched. Longitudinal research, conducted worldwide, is needed to produce new evidence of the relationships associated with Shinrin-Yoku and clinical therapeutic effects. Nature therapy as a health-promotion method and potential universal health model is implicated for the reduction of reported modern-day "stress-state" and "technostress.".
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; China; Female; Forests; Humans; Japan; Male; Middle Aged; Nature; Recreation Therapy; Stress, Psychological; Walking
PubMed: 28788101
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14080851 -
Journal of Rehabilitation Research and... 2002
Topics: Humans; Recreation; Rehabilitation
PubMed: 17642019
DOI: No ID Found -
Occupational Therapy and Rehabilitation Dec 1946
Topics: Humans; Music; Music Therapy; Play and Playthings; Recreation
PubMed: 20283448
DOI: No ID Found -
Current Psychiatric Therapies 1967
Review
Topics: Humans; Mental Disorders; Psychotherapy; Recreation; Therapeutics
PubMed: 4860301
DOI: No ID Found -
Geriatric Nursing (New York, N.Y.) 2003Activity is a basic human need expressed in work and leisure pursuits. Unfortunately, people with dementia have a low rate of activity participation because of... (Review)
Review
Activity is a basic human need expressed in work and leisure pursuits. Unfortunately, people with dementia have a low rate of activity participation because of associated physical and cognitive constraints. Recently, the American Therapeutic Recreation Association (ATRA) held a consensus meeting to address this issue and formulate practice guidelines for recreation therapy in the care of people with dementia. The consensus document presents an evidence-based intervention theory that draws on the science of two disciplines: nursing and recreation therapy. This article reports on the ATRA guidelines and illustrates their applicability in a case study of a resident with severe aggression associated with dementia.
Topics: Aged; Aggression; Alzheimer Disease; Dementia; Human Development; Humans; Male; Models, Neurological; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Recreation
PubMed: 12598862
DOI: 10.1067/mgn.2003.19 -
Progress in Community Health... 2019Personal recovery is an individualized process through which people develop a positive identity and live a meaningful life, with symptoms of mental illness. Few studies...
BACKGROUND
Personal recovery is an individualized process through which people develop a positive identity and live a meaningful life, with symptoms of mental illness. Few studies have explored the role of recreation therapy in the recovery process from the perspectives of individuals with lived experience of mental illness.
OBJECTIVES
To understand how community-based recreation therapy can support mental health recovery, from the perspectives of people diagnosed with mental illness, and to guide the development, delivery and evaluation of recovery-oriented mental health services.
METHODS
Guided by the principles of participatory action research (PAR) and photovoice, six participant researchers (PRs) generated arts-based media and narrative data in response to the research question: How can therapeutic recreation, in a community mental health center, support the recovery of individuals diagnosed with mental illness? The research group analyzed the qualitative data through a participatory data analysis process.
RESULTS
The PRs produced and analyzed 24 pieces of arts-based media and 5 hours of transcribed narrative data describing their artworks' relationship to therapeutic recreation and recovery. The PRs identified seven salient themes through the participatory data analysis process: providing a safe place, promoting hope, finding balance, developing self-wisdom, increasing enjoyment, building confidence, and encouraging self-determination.
CONCLUSIONS
Service recipients' unique preferences and perspectives must be integral to service development to deliver therapeutic recreation interventions that are truly recovery-oriented. The research findings will be used to guide the delivery of innovative, collaborative, person-centered programming in community-based mental health settings.
Topics: Adult; Community-Based Participatory Research; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Female; Humans; Male; Mental Disorders; Mental Health Recovery; Mental Health Services; Middle Aged; Recreation Therapy; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 31178451
DOI: 10.1353/cpr.2019.0016 -
The American Journal of Hospice &... Apr 2023Providing maximum comfort and pain control can be challenging for hospice teams when treating the end-of-life patient. With the medical complexities end stage disease...
Providing maximum comfort and pain control can be challenging for hospice teams when treating the end-of-life patient. With the medical complexities end stage disease presents, it can be additionally pertinent to treat the patient holistically. Who are they outside of their medical condition? What is important for them to address? Is there a nonpharmacological approach that can be of benefit? With the availability of a Recreation Therapist (RT), inpatient and home hospice teams can increase comprehensive treatment to target cognitive, social, emotional, and physical domains of patient care. An RT often uses nontraditional therapeutic approaches and resources to increase the hospice patient's overall well-being, including comfort and pain control. The following case studies will highlight evidence-based modalities used by a Recreation Therapist to treat hospice patients in a Veterans Affairs facility.
Topics: Humans; Hospice Care; Recreation Therapy; Inpatients; Terminal Care; Pain
PubMed: 35466685
DOI: 10.1177/10499091221097674 -
Pediatrics and Neonatology Oct 2018This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a selected group exercise known as Sports, Play and Active Recreation for Kids (SPARK) on the motor and behavioral...
BACKGROUND
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a selected group exercise known as Sports, Play and Active Recreation for Kids (SPARK) on the motor and behavioral skills of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using a quasi-experimental design with repeated measures.
METHODS
Twenty-eight children with ASD (age range of 5e12 years) participated in this study. The participants were examined at baseline, pre-test, and post-test using Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOTMP), Autism treatment evaluation checklist (ATEC), and Gilliam Autism Rating Scale-second edition (GARS-2).
RESULTS
The results showed that the SPARK program significantly improved balance (static and dynamic), bilateral coordination and social interaction (p < 0.05) in children with ASD.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study suggest that the SPARK's training can be considered as a therapeutic option not only for motor enhancement but also for improving social skills in children with ASD.
Topics: Autism Spectrum Disorder; Child; Child, Preschool; Exercise Therapy; Humans; Motor Skills; Postural Balance; Recreation Therapy; Social Skills; Sports
PubMed: 29402579
DOI: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2017.12.005