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Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Jan 2021The detection of a renal mass is a relatively frequent occurrence in the daily practice of any Radiology Department. The diagnostic approaches depend on whether the... (Review)
Review
The detection of a renal mass is a relatively frequent occurrence in the daily practice of any Radiology Department. The diagnostic approaches depend on whether the lesion is cystic or solid. Cystic lesions can be managed using the Bosniak classification, while management of solid lesions depends on whether the lesion is well-defined or infiltrative. The approach to well-defined lesions focuses mainly on the differentiation between renal cancer and benign tumors such as angiomyolipoma (AML) and oncocytoma. Differential diagnosis of infiltrative lesions is wider, including primary and secondary malignancies and inflammatory disease, and knowledge of the patient history is essential. Radiologists may establish a possible differential diagnosis based on the imaging features of the renal masses and the clinical history. The aim of this review is to present the contribution of the different imaging techniques and image guided biopsies in the diagnostic management of cystic and solid renal lesions.
Topics: Abscess; Adenoma; Adenoma, Oxyphilic; Angiomyolipoma; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell; Contrast Media; Cysts; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Neoplasms; Leiomyoma; Lymphoma; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Plasmacytoma; Pyelonephritis; Pyelonephritis, Xanthogranulomatous; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Ultrasonography; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color
PubMed: 33435540
DOI: 10.3390/medicina57010051 -
Experimental and Clinical... Nov 2022Aneurysmal bone cysts constitute 1% to 2% of all primary bone tumors.They are rapidly growing benign bone tumors. Nearly 80% of aneurysmal bone cysts occur in the first...
Aneurysmal bone cysts constitute 1% to 2% of all primary bone tumors.They are rapidly growing benign bone tumors. Nearly 80% of aneurysmal bone cysts occur in the first 20 years of life, and most are primary tumors. Aneurysmal bone cysts are mostly benign, locally aggressive, and highly vascularized tumors. Generally, the period required for postoperative recovery and new bone formation is long. The relapse rate can be up to 50%. Although computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scans are the preferred diagnostic methods, biopsy is the most necessary prerequisite to confirm diagnosis, as aspects of these cysts can show similarity to many other bone lesions. Correct histopathologic diagnosis is important since malignancies may be seen in transplant recipients.
Topics: Humans; Bone Cysts, Aneurysmal; Kidney Transplantation; Treatment Outcome; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Bone Neoplasms
PubMed: 31324137
DOI: 10.6002/ect.2019.0070 -
The Lancet. Oncology Dec 2009Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome (BHD) is an autosomal dominant condition characterised clinically by skin fibrofolliculomas, pulmonary cysts, spontaneous pneumothorax, and... (Review)
Review
Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome (BHD) is an autosomal dominant condition characterised clinically by skin fibrofolliculomas, pulmonary cysts, spontaneous pneumothorax, and renal cancer. The condition is caused by germline mutations in the FLCN gene, which encodes folliculin; the function of this protein is largely unknown, although FLCN has been linked to the mTOR pathway. The availability of DNA-based diagnosis has allowed insight into the great variation in expression of FLCN, both within and between families. Patients can present with skin signs and also with pneumothorax or renal cancer. Preventive measures are aimed mainly at early diagnosis and treatment of renal cancer. This Review gives an overview of current diagnosis and management of BHD.
Topics: Cysts; Genetic Testing; Germ-Line Mutation; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms; Lung Diseases; Pneumothorax; Proto-Oncogene Proteins; Skin Diseases; Syndrome; Tumor Suppressor Proteins
PubMed: 19959076
DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(09)70188-3 -
Postgraduate Medicine Apr 1952
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Cysts; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Neoplasms; Neoplasms; Paraganglioma; Pheochromocytoma
PubMed: 14920308
DOI: 10.1080/00325481.1952.11694251 -
Archives of Iranian Medicine Mar 2022People with simple renal cysts (SRCs) are more likely to develop renal injury and dysfunction, but the mechanisms remain controversial, as the process of SRC formation...
BACKGROUND
People with simple renal cysts (SRCs) are more likely to develop renal injury and dysfunction, but the mechanisms remain controversial, as the process of SRC formation and its characteristics are not yet well-known. This research focuses on the characteristics of SRCs and discusses how SRCs cause renal injury.
METHODS
In 2014, a total of 401 participants without any prior kidney disease were selected for the research. Their average age was 49.7 years. SRC morphology and changes were monitored over a 5-year follow-up period. Renal volume and blood perfusion were measured by ultrasound imaging. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between renal cyst and renal function.
RESULTS
During the 5-year follow-up, elderly participants with multiple cysts (odds ratio [OR] 1.89; 95% CI 1.67 to 5.99) and a maximum cyst diameter of 1.5 cm or greater (OR 1.93; 95% CI 1.15 to 5.34) were found to be positively correlated with renal injury. A decrease in intrarenal perfusion was observed at the early stages of follow-up, but the reduction in renal volume was a slow and gradual process.
CONCLUSION
Elderly people with multiple cysts, a maximum cyst diameter of the cysts≥1.5 cm, and multiple cysts are more likely to suffer renal injury. Ultrasound examination has an important status in monitoring the changes in renal volume and peak systolic velocity (PSV) of the renal interlobar artery.
Topics: Aged; Cysts; Female; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Diseases, Cystic; Kidney Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 35429956
DOI: 10.34172/aim.2022.26 -
Pathology International Aug 2003An epidermal cyst is a very unusual cause of a renal mass, with only three cases reported in English literature. The authors report a case of this in a 51-year-old man... (Review)
Review
An epidermal cyst is a very unusual cause of a renal mass, with only three cases reported in English literature. The authors report a case of this in a 51-year-old man with left flank pain and hematuria. A 5 x 4 cm-sized cystic mass, having an irregular margin with stippled calcification, was identified in the lower pole of the left kidney. A retroperitoneal laparoscopic simple nephrectomy was performed under the assumption that it was a renal tumor. Histologically, the tumor was identical in appearance to an epidermal cyst within the skin. Aberrant ectodermal implantation during embryogenesis has been postulated as a histogenesis of intrarenal epidermal cyst. However, the present case had a history of renal stone, which was treated with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. Therefore, the authors suspected the pathogenetic mechanism of this lesion was a metaplasia of traumatic origin. The diagnosis of an epidermal cyst was not made preoperatively in the present case, or in the cases described in the literature. This diagnosis should be included in the differentiation of calcified intrarenal masses.
Topics: Cysts; Diagnosis, Differential; Epidermal Cyst; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Ultrasonography; Urography
PubMed: 12895239
DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1827.2003.01512.x -
Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 2021Renal cyst infection is a frequent and serious complication of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) that is often difficult to treat and can be fatal....
Repetitive Refractory Renal Cyst Infection in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease for which Renal Transcatheter Arterial Embolization Was Effective in Preventing Recurrence.
Renal cyst infection is a frequent and serious complication of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) that is often difficult to treat and can be fatal. While nephrectomy is the standard therapy for severe refractory renal cyst infection, it can be associated with severe adverse events. We experienced a case of repetitive renal cyst infection in a 58-year-old Japanese man with ADPKD on dialysis. He underwent renal transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) four months after the last episodes of renal cyst infection, and his renal cyst infection has not recurred since renal TAE. This case suggested that renal TAE is effective for preventing repetitive renal cyst infection.
Topics: Cysts; Embolization, Therapeutic; Humans; Kidney; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant
PubMed: 34657906
DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.6974-20 -
Archivio Italiano Di Urologia,... Oct 2020Adrenal pseudocysts are rare, nonfunctional, asymptomatic cystic masses that originate from the adrenal gland and are usually located in the suprarenal area. They are... (Review)
Review
Adrenal pseudocysts are rare, nonfunctional, asymptomatic cystic masses that originate from the adrenal gland and are usually located in the suprarenal area. They are usually incidentally discovered during imaging, but diagnosis can be challenging because they are similar to benign and malignant cystic lesions of the adrenal gland and adjacent organs. We describe a giant, adrenal hemorrhagic pseudocyst that was atypically located, extending from the middle to the lower poles of the kidney, admixed with a renal cortical cyst.
Topics: Adrenal Gland Diseases; Cysts; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Hemorrhage; Humans; Kidney Diseases, Cystic; Young Adult
PubMed: 33016061
DOI: 10.4081/aiua.2020.3.268 -
Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation :... Oct 2000
Topics: Cysts; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Neoplasms; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 11007848
DOI: 10.1093/ndt/15.10.1702 -
Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.) Jan 2017
Topics: Cysts; Humans; Kidney Diseases, Cystic; Kidney Neoplasms; Survivors; Wilms Tumor
PubMed: 27108195
DOI: 10.1111/nep.12804